科学使用科学咨询是提升决策公信力的关键——来自英国的经验启示

科学的、民主的公共决策流程可分为确定政策议题、制定具体政策、推行实施政策和评估修订政策四个环节。科学咨询贯穿于整个决策流程并成为确保决策质量和提高决策公信力的关键。当前我国公共决策急需一个关于如何科学使用科学咨询的宏观指导文件。本文介绍了英国科学办公室分别于1997、2000、2005、2010年颁布实施4版本有关科学咨询和政策制定的指导方针的概要情况,阐述了"英国经验"给我国公共决策机制改进带来的三点启示:一是尽早制定有关如何在公共决策过程中更好使用科学和工程咨询的规范性文件;二是明确相关管理机构;三是在决策实践中借鉴英国指导方针的部分核心理念、关键原则和有益做法。

The scientific use of scientific advice is the key to enhance the credibility of decision-making: experiences and enlightenments from the UK

The process of scientific and democratic public decision-making roughly includes four steps which are identifying policy issues,making specific policies,introducing and implementing policies,and evaluating and revising policies.Scientific advice exists in the entire process of decision-making,and is the key to ensure the quality of decision-making and improve the credibility of decision-making.China's public decision-making now urgently needs a macro guidelines on how to scientific use of scientific advice.This paper introduces the comprehensive situation of the UK promulgating and implementing the four versions of guidelines on scientific advice and policy making in 1997,2000,2005 and 2010.Based on enlightenments from UK's experiences,this paper gives three suggestions on improving the mechanism of China's public policy making.Firstly relevant departments need to develop guidelines on how to better use of scientific advice in policy making as early as possible.Secondly,regulatory agencies should be established.Thirdly some core concepts,key principles and good practices from the guidelines of the UK should be learned for decision-making practice.