从“内在超越”的角度看孟子与荀子的人性论分歧

内在超越与“性”从“生”而“性”的演化过程息息相关。孟子继承子思的思想,以性为枢纽,将天内化于心,又将心提升而超越地达于天。荀子则沿着告子的思路发展了“生之谓性”的思想,反对先天的道德性。他从知的角度,将以“仁义”为特征的道内化于人性,从而构造出与孟子不同的内在超越的另一条路径。

Different Ideas of human Nature between Mencius and Xun Zi in the Perspective of Immanent Transcendence

The immanent transcendence had a close relation with the evolving process of "nature" from inborn to human nature. Inheriting Zi Si's thought and giving the "nature a key position, Mencius made "heaven" immanent in "heart" and then made "heart" transcendent to "heaven." Xun Zi followed Gao Zi's thought and developed his thought of "what is inborn is called nature," as opposed to innate morality. Starting from the viewpoint of knowledge he made the Tao characterized by 'humanity and righteousness immanent in human nature so as to construct another immanent transcendent way that was different from Mencius'.