造型艺术中的视觉抽象

人类绘画发展从幼稚的简化阶段到具象写实,再到抽象的过程,是绘画技巧及思维发展和成熟的过程,也是绘画发展的必然结果。人们从简单模仿到写实模仿的过程一旦完成,就会进入理想化阶段,最终必然要关注内心的表达,而人的内心是主观的,任何抽象都是主观看事物结果的表达。无论绘画的形式如何,其中都隐含或具有抽象的因素,这是衡量优秀作品的重要标志。"绘画的抽象是建立在整体的归纳和简化基础上,是对客观对象主动把握。观看一个物体,就是在进行某种抽象活动,因为观看活动中包含着对物体结构特征的把握,而不仅仅是对细节不加区别的录制。而且视知觉这种抽象能力从观看一开始就发挥作用了。"视觉之所以有思维本领,就是凭借直接抽象出事物里的式样来进行思考的。

The Visual Abstract Elements in Plastic Arts

The development of humans’ painting changes from the simplified stage to the realistic stage,then to the abstract stage,which is the maturing process of painting skills and ideas and the inevitable result of painting development.Once people finished the course from simple imitation to realistic imitation,they will enter the ideal stage during which people will finally focus on inner expression;however,any abstraction is the expression of how subjective inner mind recognizes objects.Whatever the forms of painting are,they all imply or have abstract factors,which could be regarded as an important measuring standard of masterpieces."The abstraction of painting rests upon overall generalization and simplification,which is a subjective mastery of the object.When we observe an object,we are conducting a kind of abstract activity because the observation activity contains a mastery of the object’s structure instead of indiscrminating copying of details.The abstract ability of visual elements functions at the very begining of the observation." Our sight has the ability of thinking because we think by abstracting the from of objects directly)