健身运动对青春期女孩身体成分发育的影响

通过测量肱三头肌位和肩胛下角位皮褶厚度,分析身体组成,探讨健身运动对青春期女孩发育的影响.结果发现皮褶厚度随年龄的增长而增加;健身组皮褶厚度及体脂%均低于安静组,且皮褶厚度在12～16岁具显著性差异;安静组体重的增加较多地来自皮下脂肪的增长,而健身组较多地来自去脂体重的增加.提示,女孩皮下脂肪在青春期持续迅速积累,健身运动可使体脂肪含量降低,骨骼、肌肉等去脂体重成分增长,健身运动对12～16岁间女孩对皮下脂肪发育的影响较明显.

The Influence of Physical Exercise on Body Composition of Girls during Puberty

By measuring the skinfold thickness of triceps and subscapular, this paper studies the effects of physical exercise on body composition of girls during puberty. The result shows that the value of skinfold thickness increases with age. The physical exercise group has thinner skinfold thickness and lower percentages of body fat than control group. There is significant different between the age of 12 to 16. The growth in weight of control group is mainly from subcutaneous fat and that of physical exercise group from lean body mass. It suggests that the subcutaneous fat of girls during puberty increases rapidly with growth. The girls who do physical exercise can keep low body fat and well developed lean body mass. Physical exercise is a key factor to body composition during ages of 12 to 16.