韩愈“不平则鸣”说非屈、迁“发愤”说的延续

关于韩愈的“不平则鸣”说，历来的解释框架有“不平则鸣”说远绍孔子“诗可以怨”的说法；又有“不平则鸣”说“与庄学中的‘自然’观有内在联系”的说法；而大多数的论者则认为它是屈原、司马迁“发愤”说的延续。其实，以上说法都尚未涉及一个重要的认知视野，即韩愈因何种因素而感到“不平”。本文在考察韩愈文本之后得出结论：韩愈“不平”之标准就是儒家之“道”，即为“道”之不行而鸣不平。这就决定了韩愈“不平则鸣”说属于文学工具论（“载道”说）的范畴，并非是屈原、司马迁“发愤”说的延续。

Han Yu's Idea of "People will cry out against injustice" Is Not Continuity of Qu Yuan's and Sima Qian's Thought of "Expressing depression and discontentment"

There has been many explanations for Han Yu’s thought of “people will cry out against injustice”, such as it came from Confucius’ idea that “A poem may express complaints” and Zhuangzi’s thought about “nature”. In fact, all these views ignore an important factor: What makes Han Yu feel “injustice”. I get to the conclusion after studying Han Yu’s texts that “Tao” is the standard of feeling “injustice”. It means that Han Yu’s thought of “People will cry out against injustice” belongs to the theory that letters and scholarships are tools of publicizing ideas, and that there is no continuity between Han Yu’s “People will cry out against injustice” and Qu Yuan’s and Sima Qian’s ideas of “expressing depression and discontentment”.