基于旅游竞争力效度的中国省级旅游区旅游发展态研究

旅游竞争力的研究受到越来越多的关注，它对区域旅游发展的作用不可忽视，然而单纯的竞争力研究主要是基于过往年份的数据，测定未来可能的竞争力大小及强弱，缺乏旅游发展实践的反证。为此，本文在旅游竞争力研究思想和已有成果的基础上，引入旅游竞争力效度的概念，建立评价模型，考量区域旅游竞争力实际发挥作用的程度。在此基础上，用旅游竞争力和竞争力效度双维指标测定特定旅游区旅游发展态。通过对中国31个省级旅游区发展态的测定得出相应的分析和评价发现，中国各旅游区发展态的地区不均衡性非常突出，9大明星旅游区中只有四川旅游区地处西部，其余的均为东部的旅游区，而西部其他11个旅游区不是处于瘦狗旅游区就是处于问题旅游区，这就要求对旅游发展的区域平衡问题给以充分重视，特别是要重视处于问题旅游区的陕西、云南、广西和重庆4个旅游区的发展，充分发挥他们的旅游竞争力优势，使它们力争发展成为明星旅游区。

Provincial Tourism Development based on the Tourism Competitiveness Validity in China

Studies on tourism competitiveness have attracted more and more attentions and have had a significant impact on tourism development. However, these studies mostly used old-time data to estimate the possible competitiveness in tourism, while the practice of tourism development was neglected. However, the possible tourism competitiveness was actually not that important to us and we should attach more importance to the application of tourism competitiveness. In other words, we should study how tourism competitiveness plays its role. Based on known studies of tourism competitiveness, we proposed the concept of tourism competitiveness validity to study how it played its role. Furthermore, we established a model to weigh the degree of tourism competitiveness in a selected area, so that we could assess the tourism development model of an area based on tourism competitiveness and tourism competitiveness validity .In this way, we could find the tourism development practice and status of an area, which was very important, because we could judge whether the area was good or not. To ensure the assumptions authentic, we collected many data on tourism development of 31 provinces in China in 2006 to assess the tourism development model. We found that the disproportion of regional tourism development in China was quite remarkable. Among the nine high-ranking tourism regions, only Sichuan was located in the west, while the rest were all in the east. Moreover, other eleven tourism regions in the west were either barren or still questionable. Therefore, special attentions should be paid to the disproportion of the regional development model of tourism in China, especially in the four tourism regions in question (Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guangxi and Chongqing), and try to upgrade them to star-level tourism regions earlier. It is noteworthy that the assessment of tourism model of the 31 provinces was based on the tourism data of 2006. Since they would change every year, we should conduct long-term studies on this question. Moreover, we should also lucubrate why gaps between different tourism regions are that wide.