关于科学理论的可接受性————归纳和反归纳之争

波普尔认为，科学知识即理论内容的增长是科学进步的最为重要的标志。然而，科学理论的内容丰富程度与逻辑概率之间呈反变关系，因此，科学理论的可接受性标准不是理论的可证实性，而是理论的可证伪性；相应地，可接受性标准是非归纳的或反归纳的。萨尔蒙对波普尔的反归纳主义的可接受性概念给以有力地批驳，拉卡托斯基进而给出一种归纳的可接受性标准，并作为对波普尔的非归纳的可接受性的补充。

On the Acceptability of Scientific Theory:The Dispute about Induction and Anti-induction

Popper maintains that growth of scientific knowledge,i.e.,theoretical contents,is the most important aim for the progress of science.Nevertheless,the abundance of theoretical contents is inversely proportional to logical probability.So the criterion of acceptability of scientific theory is not verification,but falsification.Consequently,the criterion of acceptability is non-inductive or anti-inductive.Salmon gave a forceful criticism to Popper's concept of anti-inductive acceptability.Lakatos further gave a criterion of inductive acceptability which is taken as the complement of Popper's non-inductive acceptability.