青春期少女不同体重水平与影响身体活动因子的相关性研究

体重过度增长成为今天危害中国青少年最为严重的健康问题之一。由于女子在任何年龄段比男子更少身体活动,并且这种差异在青春期表现的尤为突出,因此必需采取相应的预防措施,以防止或降低由于身体缺少活动而导致青春期少女肥胖。本研究通过比较城乡少女不同体重水平下身体活动相关因子,为指导今后干预措施提供借鉴依据。来自江西省3所中学446名女生作为研究对象,将其按家庭住地分层,体重水平状态分组,基于身体活动标准,再分为活跃组和低活跃组。采用混合模型的方差分析比较各组因子。无论社会认知还是环境变量在不同体重水平下城乡女少女没有差异,知觉行为控制在活跃组得分更高,总体而言,城市少女的社会认知变量与活跃水平相关性更高,而乡村少女的环境因子与活跃水平具有更多的相关性。故身体活动干预,不应单以体重水平为依据,应建立在身体活动水平和家庭背景,满足女性特殊需要的基础上。

Study of correlations on physical activity in adolescent girls who differ by weight status

Excessive weight gain has been becoming one of the most serious health problems facing youths in China today.As girls are less active than boys and this difference is particularly large during the adolescent years,Interventions must be designed to prevent these trends which adolescent girls risk to be overweight for the sharp decline in PA.This paper compared correlates of physical activity(PA) among rural and urban girls of different weight groups to guide future interventions.Participants,who were 846 girls from 8 middle schools in Jiangxi Province,were classified by home location and categorized into three groups,and were further divided into active and low-active groups,based on a vigorous PA standard.Mixed-model ANOVA was used to compare factors among groups.None of the social-cognitive or environmental variables differed by weight status for rural or urban girls.Perceived behavioral control was significantly higher in girls who were more active.In general,social-cognitive variables seem to be more related to activity in urban girls,whereas environmental factors seem more related to activity in rural girls.PA interventions should be tailored to the unique needs of girls based on PA levels and background,rather than on weight status alone.