德国西占区“再教育”初探

二战后,西方盟国对德国实行了一场强性的“再教育”,这是现代史上唯一的一次试图对一个民族的所谓“民族特性”进行全面改造的政治尝试,该政策是由英国首先提出的,它主张用西方的民主传统去影响,改变德国人的思维方式和生活方式,从占领之初到占领体制结束,西方盟国对德国的“再教育”大致经历了三个阶段,涵盖了整个文教体制,“再教育”,促使德国人民对德国的历史文化传统进行了深刻的反思,培植了民主观念,从而使德国人民的思想发生了根本的转变,为德国从旧体制向新体制的蜕变奠定了坚实的思想基础。

The"Re-education"in the Western Zones of Germany

After World War II the Allies imposed on Germany a forced" re-education" . It represented a political experiment unique in modern history, trying to comprehensively reconstruct another people s national character. The policy of "re-education" was first put forward by Britain.It sought to influence and thus change the German people's way of thinking and their life style with the Western democratic tradition. The practice of "re-education" in Germany was approximately divided into three phases from the beginning of occupation to the end of occupation system, covering the entire cultural and educational system. It stimulated the German people to reflect their historical cultural tradition and to cultivate their democratic ideas. It led Gennan people' s thoughts to a fundamental transition and laid a solid intellectual foundation on which Germany could be remolded from an old system to a new system.