孔子伦理思想的双重性及其冲突与调和

孔子的伦理思想中,包含有两种不同的道德原则(即“亲情“原则和“泛爱“原则)和价值理念(即宗族主义和普遍主义)。由于这两种道德原则和价值理念分别建立在不同的哲学立场(自然主义和个体主义)之上,所以,它们之间并没有一种逻辑上的推演关系。这就使孔子的伦理思想不可避免地带有了双重性的特征。正是这种双重性,使得孔子的“仁爱“伦理思想在运用于社会道德生活时会遇到一种内在冲突。孔子是通过造成社会生活中道德评价和评价之后的行为的某种断裂而使这种冲突得以调和的。这种调和对于孔子的伦理思想本身具有重大的意义,同时也揭示了它固有的局限性。

The Double Character of the Ethical Thought of Confucius, Including its Conflict and Reconciliation

The ethical thought of Confucius has two different moral principles,and two different ideas of value.Because they come from different philosophical standpoints,they can not deduce from one to the other logically.So the ethical thought of Confucius has its double character.It is just this makes the ethical thought of Confucius coming across a conflict when it is used in social living.Confucius reconciles this conflict by differentiating the moral evaluation and the actions after the moral evaluation.Although this reconciliation is very important to the ethical thought of Confucius,but it also shows up the limitations of this thought.