成语的生成

成语有4点特性、3种品格：字构成的相传性、字表达的不透明性和不完备性、字面义与旨的距离性、字面义与旨关系的约定性；历史性品格、结构化品格、蕴含力品格。但这些特性和品格并不只是成语独有的，日常话语也或多或少地具有不透明性、不完备性和蕴含力。成语的特性和品格，是语言表达不完备、不透明的共性的集中和突出的表现。成语表现出的这种“表里不一”的现象，本质上也是含意现象。因此，对成语的生成，可以用研究日常话语中含意运用的理论模型即含意本体论的“语句解读常规关系理论模型”作出说明。

The Shaping of Idioms in Chinese

Idioms in Chinese bear an important feature that their wording has been inherited from the long past, with its being opaque and incomplete, thus bringing forth their historical characteristic, structuralized characteristic, and the characteristic of implying force. The feature and the characteristics, however, are by no means born solely by idioms. Other linguistic units such as utterances in daily speech would more or less show opacity and incompleteness. The process of interpreting an idiom is in essence the same kind of process of working out the implied meaning of the opaque and/or incomplete expressions in an utterance. Therefore the study of idioms in Chinese may also be placed within the framework of the theoretical model of interpreting utterances in daily speech via stereotypical relation.