权利新论

长期以来,"权利"一直是一个内涵空无而外延不定的概念,因而,要重构当代权利伦理学,为社会提供更人性的治理方略,须重新探讨"权利"概念本身,由此发现"权利"自身所蕴含的基本问题:一是权利来源于人的存在人权,并由其存在人权的生存转化与生成;二是权利的构成本质是利益,权利向利益实现的行动本质是责任;三是权利的行动指向是对利益的实现,其行动展开的自我规范是责任,其行动展开的外在规训,即普遍平等的分配原则体系和法治规范体系;四是对等的责任构成权利的自身限度,他者(他人、物、自然和生命)的权利,构成了权利的外在限度;五是基本权利之行动展开的一般方式是不作为,非基本权利之行动展开的一般方式是作为。

A New Inquiry into Rights

Since long ago,the rights has always been a concept devoid of connotation and vague in denotation.Therefore,the concept of rights must be re-inquired,so that the contemporary Rights Ethics can be re-constructed to provide the society with a more humanized general plan of management.The fundamental problems inherent in Rights have been discussed in this paper.First,all other rights originate from the existential right of a man,which transforms and generates the other rights.Second,the constitutional essence of rights is benefits.Responsibility facilitates the transformation rights to benefits.Third,the practical orientation of Rights is to realize the benefit.The inner rule of the practice is responsibility,and the external norms are the general equalized principle system of distribution and norm system of laws.Fourth,the coordinated responsibility imposes the inner limit on rights,while the rights of others(other people,things,nature and lives)define the external limits.Fifth,the practical way of fundamental rights is by non-action,while that of non-fundamental rights is by action.