美国减轻联邦资助管理和行政负担的最新进展及启示

美国政府2017年颁布了《美国创新和竞争法案》,以法律形式规定减轻科研人员的行政和管理负担,并实施了一系列的策略以完成目标。本文详细分析了该法案颁布以来一年多联邦政府推动法案落实的最新进展,认为美国联邦政府从政府侧采取措施减轻科研人员负担,采用公私合作方式完善数据系统,统一项目管理程序和精简科研人员报告,建立基于风险评价和绩效结果导向的科研管理框架。提出中国科研管理部门应加强科研人员简历系统建设,标准化科研管理数据,让风险评价和绩效评价更加量化科学。

The latest Progress and Enlightenment of the United States to Reduce Federal Administrative and Regulatory Burdens on Research

The US Government enacted the US Innovation and Competition Act in 2017, which reduced the administrative and regulatory burdens of researchers in legal form and implemented a series of strategies to achieve its goals. This paper analyzes in detail the latest progress in the implementation by the federal government for more than a year. It argues that the US federal government takes measures from the government side to release the burden of researchers, adopts public-private partnerships to improve data systems, unify project management procedures, and streamline report to establish a research management framework based on risk-assessment and results-orientation. It is proposed that the Chinese S T management department should strengthen the construction of the sciENcv system for researchers, standardize S T management data, and make the risk management and performance evaluation more quantitative and scientific.