论地理环境对形成与完善城乡市场结构之基础作用——兼论中国西北地区自然地理环境特点及其在历史时期之变化

历史时期举世各国之经济社会发展的史实表明．地理环境．首先是自然地理环境加上由之衍生的人文地理环境对于人类从事基本经济社会活动的城乡市场以及城乡市场网络结构之形成与发展演变起着重大的基础和支撑作用。据此，以我国西北地区为例，论述其地域范围、区域分异、自然地理环境基本特点以及历史时期主要因人为开发导致的一些生态环境变迁趋向．以期为当今这一地区完善城乡市场结构与推进经济社会现代化发展提供基本背景及历史借鉴。

On the Key and Basic Functions Geographic Environment Performs for the Formation and Perfection of Market Structure in Urban and Rural Areas

The social and economic development around the world through history manifest that the geographic environment,esp.the physical geographic environment,and the human geographic environment derived from it play a vital key and basic support function for the urban and rural markets,where social and economic activities take place,and for the formation and development of the network structure of urban and rural markets.The paper discusses the territorial scope,regional differentiation,the basic features of physical geographic environment of Northwest China,and analyzes the transition trends of ecologic environment,which were mainly caused by people’s developing.The paper is intended to provide a basic background and some historical lessons for the perfecting of urban and rural market structure,and for the promotion of social and economic modernization.