尊重“他者”——对当前公德症结的反思以及教育应对

于理性精神和宗教传统的基础上,在西方现代化进程中逐步形成了以尊重"他者"为特征的现代伦理精神,这种伦理精神渗透进西方现代社会的思想、政治和经济等各个领域,成为西方现代精神的一个重要方面。而我国由于封建宗法制度和自然经济的持久影响,发展出了以等级观念和宗法意识为核心的儒家伦理规范,缺乏对一般"他者"的关注与尊重,这是当前中国社会所面临的社会公德困境的深层文化根源。建构尊重"他者"的伦理精神是对传统文化的根本变革,需要各个方面的长期共同努力。教育尤其是道德教育应该从尊重学生入手,努力培养学生尊重"他者"的观念和习惯,以期有助于整个社会现代伦理精神的成长。

Respect for "otherness"

On the basis of rationality and religious tradition,characterized by respect for " otherness",modern ethical spirit had been developed in the modernization of the Western.This ethical spirit had penetrated all fields of the Western,and became an important part of the West Modern spirit.With the deep influence of patriarchal system and natural economy,Confucian Ethical Spirit had been developed,with a core of a sense of hierarchy and patriarchal idea and no respect for " otherness".This is the cultural root of mess of social morality.On the basis of reform of traditional culture,the construction of modern ethical spirit need long-term effort of every part of society.Education,especially moral education,should begin with respect for students,and bring up student’s thought and behavior of respect for " otherness",which may help the growth of ethical spirit of the society.