历史与现实中的学术剽窃

鉴于种种剽窃行径、特别是东窗事发后的乌贼战术,极度污染了学界的基本生态,应从历史语境的转移中进行澄清。古代社会并不笼统地容许文字挪用,相反,有可能比现代更为严酷,关键看它是否会为相关的特定个体谋得既在预期之中、又在情理之外的名誉或利益。而到了现代社会,鼓励知识创新的个人专利制度,更鉴于学术剽窃带来的种种危害,将它视作罪名独立、不可抵赖的过失。所以,尽管它仍属于道德罪过,学界也必须基于自清原则,让剽窃者得不偿失,让欲为者望而生畏。否则,整个学界的基本规则就会大乱,也就无法指望有序的知识创新。

Academic Plagiarisin in History and Reality

In fact,ancient society did not generally allow copying from others,if it could bring unfair reputation and interest to the plagiarists.In the modern society,in order to encourage knowledge innovation,the patent system based on the personality worship has to regard academic plagiarism as an independent offense.Therefore,although academic plagiarism is still a moral crime,it must be severely punished according to self-clearing principle of academic circle.