两种技术非自主论评析

技术非自主论有两种类型:制度决定论和上帝意义论,它们的出发点是一致的,都是反对技术的自主论,但它们的思路和归宿又是不同的。制度决定论认为制度的发展决定着技术的发展,只要建立了一种合理的制度,技术的异化便会消失不见。上帝意义论认为技术的意义都来自于上帝的意义原动力,只要屈从于这种原动力,建立一种有责任的技术,技术就不会再产生负面效应。我们认为,这两种技术非自主论与技术自主论一样,都存在着局限性。技术在相对意义上是自主的,在绝对意义上是不自主的。所以,由科学技术使用方式造成的负面效应是可以而且应该避免的,而由技术自身带来的负面效应是不能彻底根除的。

Analysis on the two theories of technology's non- autonomy

There are two theories of technology's non-autonomy: institutional determinism and God's meaning.Their starting points are the same,opposite to technology's autonomy,but their thoughts and end-results are different.Institutional determinism holds that institutional development determines technological development,and so long as a reasonable institution is set up,technological alienation will disappear.The theory of God's meaning holds that technological meaning comes from the meaning-motive-power of God,and so long as we submit to it,and set up a responsible technology,technology will not bring out negative effects.We hold that,like technology's autonomy,the two theories of technology's non-autonomy have their limitations.Technology is relatively autonomous and absolutely non-autonomous.Therefore,the negative effects that the application of technology brings about can and should be avoidable;the negative effects that technology itself brings about can not be overcome completely.