学校德育：道德境界的构成与问题

贴近生命,是现代教育的流行话语,但生命不仅有感性的体验,仍有精神的高度。在道德教育的古典传统中,我们感受到超越生命直观的命运意识。今天,我们的德育普遍缺少这种追索命运的精神气质,强烈的生存理性瓦解了古典德育的命运感。在这种生存理性的驱使下,学校德育变成解决社会问题、维护学校秩序的实用工具。道德教育必须为自己建构一种精神的境界——站在历史与命运的中心,占有终极性的道德资源,并回到精神生活的内在性上。这样的道德教育才能真正找到自己的道德根基和存在理由。

School Moral Education: Composition and Question of the Ethical State

"Close to life" is very popular in modern education. But life involves not only perceptual experience,but also spiritual state.In the tradition of moral education,we perceive an awareness of fate surpassing the intuitionistic life.Today,our moral education generally lacks the spiritual pursuit and exploration of fate,and the strong survival rationality has disintegrated the fate awareness in classical moral education.Driven by the survival rationality,the school moral education has been turned into an instrument to solve the social problems and to maintain the school order.Moral education must construct a spiritual state for itself,which stands in the centre of the history and fate,possesses ultimate moral resources and comes back to the internal nature of spiritual life.Only such kind of moral education can find its ethical foundation and reasons for existence.