从旧塾师到新教员——徐特立早年的职业转换与中国基础教育的近代变革

19世纪末,中国传统教育遭遇新教育的挑战;20世纪初,清廷颁行学制,废除科举,全方位、大规模地加快中国教育从传统到现代的转型进程。教育转型急剧地影响到学生学业的变化和教师职业的更易、徐特立早年读私塾、做塾师,在新政兴学之初告别塾师职业,接受师范教育,从旧式士子转变为现代知识分子,走上做新式教员、创办新式学堂之路,成为近代中国基础教育变革在地方社会强有力的推动者。本文通过探究徐特立早年的人生经历与职业转换,反映了中国基础教育现代转型为教师职业和人才流动所带来的变化,折射出教育转型中个人命运与时代发展的关系。 更多还原

From a Shushi to a Teacher:Professional Transition of Xu Teli and the Reform of Basic Education in Modern China

The end of the 19^th century saw traditional education challenged by new forms of education in China. Entering the 20^th century, the Qing government replaced the Ke Ju system with new education systems and thereby heralded an unprecedented transition period from traditional to modernized Chinese education. A famous Chinese educationist who was a former student and teacher of traditional Chinese Si Shu schools, Xu Teli received normal education during this period and later became a harbinger of new schools and scholars in modern China. This article explores the life experiences and professional transition of Xu Teli, with a view to examine the impact of basic education modernization on the teacher profession and professional mobility in China.