西安住宅室内空气中醛酮类污染物特征

采用主动式气体采样、2,4-DNPH二硝基苯肼吸收、高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析研究了西安市冬、夏两季三所普通居民住宅室内、外空气中13种醛酮类化合物。结果表明：冬、夏两季西安地区住宅室内空气中醛酮类污染物浓度水平均较高。其中，夏季室内、外空气中13种醛酮类化合物总质量浓度为85.86±30.33 µg•m-3和78.86±31.40 µg•m-3，冬季为85.40±28.50 µg•m-3和53.77±16.39 µg•m-3；室内均高于室外；甲醛、乙醛、丙酮为最高组分，三者为总质量的75~80%；三所住宅中，2号住宅（H2）醛类污染物严重，表明装修材料（木地板）与吸烟均有一定程度贡献。

Characterization of indoor carbonyl compounds at residential homes in Xi''''an

Thirteen carbonyl compounds in indoor and outdoor air at three general residential homes in Xi’an during winter and summer were detected and quantified by using active gaseous sampling with 2,4-DNPH absorption and the following HPLC analyses. The results indicated that the concentrations of carbonyl compounds were relative high indoors both in winter and summer. Averaged concentrations of carbonyl compounds were 85.86±30.33 µg•m-3, and 78.86±31.40 µg•m-3, respectively, for indoors and outdoors in summer. The corresponding values were 85.40±28.50 µg•m-3, 53.77±16.39 µg•m-3, respectively, in winter. Concentration levels of carbonyl compounds indoors were higher than those outdoors. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were the highest components, accounted for 75%~80% of total mass of carbonyl species. Concentrations of carbonyl compounds in H2 (the second residential home) were larger than those in other two houses, which implied that decorated materials and smoking contributed significantly to the high concentrations of carbonyl species in H2.