长江经济带外向型经济空间溢出效应

长江经济带在中国区域发展布局中具有重要的战略地位,研究长江经济带分区及全局外向型经济的空间溢出效应既有利于提升上、中、下游地区的外向型经济发展水平,又能为长江经济带早日实现对外开放新格局提供借鉴。基于邻近关系、地理距离、经济引力模型的权重矩阵,构建空间计量模型,从全局和分区两个层面入手,探究2005—2017年长江经济带外向型经济的空间溢出效应。结果表明：①3种权重矩阵下,长江经济带外向型经济均表现出较强的空间集聚特征,但各市域外向型经济发展水平更倾向于受到相邻市域的影响。②从全局层面来看,长江经济带外向型经济具有显著的正向空间溢出效应,且第三产业比重提升是促进长江经济带外向型经济整体发展最显著的因素。③从分区层面看,上、中、下游地区外向型经济的主要影响因素不同。区域经济政策对上游地区外向型经济的提升作用最为显著;第三产业比重提升对中游地区外向型经济产生最积极的促进作用;交通连接度指数对下游地区的外向型经济产生最显著的正向影响。据此,提出促进长江经济带外向型经济发展的建议。

Spatial spillover effects of export-oriented economic development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

The Yangtze River Economic Belt has an important strategic position in the regional development in China, starting from the partition and macro level. Studying the spatial spillover effects of the export-oriented economic development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is conducive to enhancing the export-oriented economic development level among the upstream, middle and downstream reach area, and also provides references for the new pattern of opening-up at the early stage in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Based on the weight matrices of neighborhood relation, geographical distance, and economic gravity, and by constructing spatial econometric models for the regional and the sub-regional levels, this study estimated the spatial spillover effects of export-oriented economic development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2005 to 2017. The results show that: (1) The spatial agglomeration characteristics of export-oriented economic development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is increasingly clear with the weight matrices of neighborhood relation, geographical distance, and economic gravity. However, the level of export-oriented economic development of each municipality tends to be influenced by the adjacent municipalities. (2) At the regional level, the export-oriented economic development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt presents a significant positive spatial spillover effect. The proportion of the tertiary industry is the vital factor in promoting the level of export-oriented economic development in the Yangtze River Economic belt. (3) At the sub-regional level, there remain obvious differences among the upper, middle, and lower reach areas in the influencing factors of export-oriented economic development. Regional economic policy presents most significant effect in the upper-reach area. In the middle-reach area, developing the tertiary industry can promote the development level of export-oriented economy significantly. Traffic connectivity index has the most significant positive impacts in the lower-reach area. Based on these results, some suggestions for promoting export-oriented economic development level in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are put forward.