明清江南才媛文化考述

中国的女性写作由现象积聚为文化,当以明清的才媛写作为始,其规模性和普遍性尤其以诗意丛生的江南地区为最。如此有规模性、普遍性的明清才媛文化,既体现了明清时期社会大众(包括才媛本身)对才媛生活环境及其行为的理解、要求、愿望,也展现了才媛的社会意识由关注自我向女性意识再向独立个体意识的发展脉络。这与当时的经济发展、教育改革、"士农工商"社会排序逐渐模糊、刊刻业高度繁荣、对女性才德观重新定位的文化背景有着直接的因果关系。

A Textual Research on Talented Woman Culture in South of the Yangzi River Areas During Ming and Qing Dynasties

Women’s writings began to form a culture in size and scale during the Ming and Qing dynasties in the South of the Yangzi River,a region with a strong poetic tradition.Such a large scale and popular culture in this period showed how the society(including the women themselves) understood the life and deeds of the talented women and what they were expected of.In this culture,women’s awareness developed from concern for the self to concern for all the female and then to concern for the individual.This line of development came as a result of the then economy,educational reform,a blurring ordering of scholarfarmer-artisan-merchant,and the flourish of printing,which all contributed to a re-defining of women’s virtues and talents.