基于数据倾斜关联度的数据库高效挖掘方法

提出一种基于数据倾斜关联度的数据高效算法,首次给出数据倾斜度的概念,利用数据类间特征进行数据倾斜程度的判断,对相似数据进行类间聚类,将数据库中数据特征进行信息相似度计算,计算概念总出现次数时应累加其所有子概念的出现次数。在查询的过程中,充分考虑同一数据属性的多样性,对数据特征加入模型的数量进行约束,减少不必要的繁琐数据特征。判断符合查询条件的数据类别,根据不同的数据类别进行数据查询,实现数据结构的优化。实验结果表明,利用这种算法进行数据库查询优化,能够有效提高海量数据库信息查询的效率。     

基于困难区域划分思维的级联数据库查询方法

传统方法以不同数据库数据紧密逻辑特征和均值特征进行失效数据的定位,没有考虑逻辑特征被破坏带来的定位误差过大问题。提出基于困难区域划分思维的级联数据库查询方法。算法引入困难区域的概念,在设置初始簇中心时,以数据融合属性特征为基础,对属性融合差异较大的区域进行划分,形成融合困难区域,在困难区域内,计算最大的属性困难度的相似性,并对上述特征进行聚类分析,完成数据属性特征的筛选,优化查询过程。实验结果表明,利用该算法进行差异级联数据库的数据库查询,能够删除数据库中的冗余数据,提高数据库的查询效率。     

基于关联约束最优模型的数据库优化查询算法

大型数据库中的数据的属性种类很多。大规模的计算频繁数据集会造成数据运算量巨大。没有形成很好的数据约束规则,随着数据种类的增加,会使得查询较为耗时。为了解决此问题,提出一种基于关联约束最优模型的数据库优化查询算法,设计一种关联分辨器的功能,对数据进行关联数据集划分,运用数据约束技术,排除频繁集项过于复杂的干扰,对数据库的查询过程进行优化。实验表明,该方法能够较好的完成数据的关联,提高了查询的效率。     

基于多样约束模型的远程教育数据库优化查询算法

提出了一种基于多样约束模型的数据库优化查询方法。将数据库中数据进行分类处理,按照数据特征将数据库中信息分为多个不同的类别,为数据库优化查询提供准确的数据基础。建立多样约束模型,判断符合查询条件的数据类别,根据不同的数据类别进行数据查询,从而实现数据库优化查询。实验结果表明,利用这种算法进行数据库查询优化,能够有效提高数据库信息查询的效率。     

弱匹配模型下的数据库分区查询方法研究

大型数据库中,数据种类和数量较大,其中的强冗余数据干扰了需要查询的数据,导致数据关联属性弱化,查询数据过程中,严重干扰数据库查询的精度。提出一种基于弱匹配区域划分模型的数据库分区查询方法,在数据库中融入弱匹配区域的概念,依据数据融合属性特征,对数据属性融合差异较大的区域进行分割,获取数据弱匹配区域,在该区域中运算最大数据属性弱匹配度的相似性并进行聚类分析,实现弱匹配区域数据属性特征的过滤,利用弱匹配区域划分模型下数据库修补技术对数据进行实时关联修补,通过弱匹配区域的数据库查询优化方法,删除失效数据,缩小数据库中数据的冗余性,实现数据库中数据查询的优化。实验结果说明,采用所提方法进行弱匹配区域划分模型下数据库库查询,具有较高的查询效率和准确率。     

基于弱关联数据修补技术的数据库优化查询算法

在一些大型的数据库中,数据的种类和数量形成海量,一些复杂的强冗余数据给需要查询的关联数据带来了干扰,一旦干扰过大,会造成关联属性弱化,挖掘耗时,严重影响数据库查询的准确性和高效性.为了解决此问题,提出一种基于弱关联数据修补技术的数据库优化查询算法,在数据查询过程中,利用关联查询过程中实时数据对之前的数据进行关联修补;然后利用可修复的关联特征建立最有可能的数据关联,从而进一步地完成对海量数据弱关联环境下的数据库优化查询.实验表明,该方法能够较好地完成弱数据的关联,提高了查询的效率.     

基于扩展关联挖掘的专网通信计费检索算法

针对专网通信计费系统中,由于互联信息存在大量的冗余特征,导致大幅降低了数据联系特征属性,使得计费信息查询效率较低的问题.本文提出一种改进关联规则的专网通信计费分析数据的挖掘算法.通过计费数据属性扩展算法,对计费数据属性间的关联性进行扩展,有效排除冗余数据的干扰,增强数据间的联系性.实验与仿真结果证明,这种算法能够有效地消除冗余数据的干扰,计费数据查询的准确率较高,耗时降低.     

基于约束校验的大型网络数据库查询方法研究

针对大型网络数据系统中冗余信息过大,数据之间缺少正常的约束行为,而造成数据查询效率过低的问题,提出了一种基于约束校验的大型网络数据库查询方法.该方法对大型数据库中的正常数据和冗余数据在数据关联时进行必要的约束、判断分类,运用数据关联决策理论对冗余数据进行过滤,保证数据关联过程中较高的约束性.实验结果表明,在大型网络数据库的实验平台上,该方法大幅提高了数据搜索的效率,效果显著.     

变异遗传散布控制执行算子的数据库分类查询

为提高数据查询的寻优能力和查询准确度,对数据库查询进行优化改进。提出一种新型的变异遗传散布控制执行算子数据库分类查询算法。设计遗传散布执行算子,实现对遗传算法数据库查询中的迭代控制,通过定义数据库查询散布值,通过对数据文本的最佳特征提取,通过散布分类查询系数的控制遗传迭代循环,对遗传算法的变异处理,实现最优数据信息相关匹配,可以很好地指导数据查询结果,实现数据库查询的准确性和有效性。仿真实验表明,新算法可以提高半连接下分布式数据库查询的效率,特征呈现高聚敛性匹配,数据查询特征相关匹配度达到97.3%,比传统算法提高了25.6%,寻优时间较传统算法大幅缩短。算法有效提高了数据库查询准确率和效率,具有较强的应用价值。     

基于边缘逆理论的辨识系统并行查询扩展算法

多源数据辨识系统广泛应用在机载数据辨识控制、大型机械设备故障诊断和云存储系统数据库集成等领域。对多源数据的辨识系统并行查询和数据调度中,因数据的静态非线性测量过程影响了查询效益,需要对辨识系统并行查询链路进行扩展。提出一种基于振幅调节Fourier变换边缘逆理论的辨识系统并行查询扩展算法。进行多源数据辨识系统基本构造和模型设计,提取查询特征信息,采用RBF神经网络系统进行多源数据输入自适应学习,构建神经网络辨识系统的边缘逆向量,采用边缘逆理论进行振幅调节Fourier变换实现多源查询数据的状态重组,实现查询链路扩展设计改进。仿真结果表明,该算法提高了辨识系统的查询通道的链路相位,多源数据调度的时间成本及空间成本大幅降低,加速比提高,算法将在系统状态识别、机械故障智能诊断等领域具有较高的应用价值。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.