英语宝典

World champions Bekele and Kluft vote forIAAF Athletes’Commission For the first time in the history of the IAAF all the athletes competing in the 9thWorld Championships will elect a dozen of theirpeers to represent their rights as members ofthe Athletes’Commission.     

体育清华

Since the mid-1990 Tsinghua University has shaken offits image as a drab science and engineering university byadding news schools and departments. Inclusion of worldknown coaches and athletes such as Yu Fen and FuMingxia in 1997 injected vigor and glamor into theprestigious university. Tsinghua, which first raised the slogan "Let's stay healthyand work for the nation for 50 years", has become abreeding ground for top Chinese athletes since theuniversity designed a model of mixing competit…     

Korea Institute of Sport Science:Past,Present and Future

Introduction Korea Institute of Sport Science (KISS,formerly named as Korea Sport Science Institute:KSSI) was established on December 29th,1980 to perform research and provide support for better performance of the national athletes.KISS had clear objective of supporting scientifi c training of national athletes for successful hosting of 1986 Asian Games and 1988 Olympics,both were to be held in Seoul,Korea. The objective was successfully achieved with strong support from the government.     

Korea Institute of Sport Science: Past, Present and Future

Introduction Korea Institute of Sport Science (KISS, formerly named as Korea Sport Science Institute: KSSI) was established on December 29th, 1980 to perform research and provide support for better performance of the national athletes. KISS had clear objective of supporting scientific training of national athletes for successful hosting of 1986 Asian Games and 1988 Olympics, both were to be held in Seoul,Korea. The objective was successfully achieved with strong support from the government.     

A Study on Exploring Athletes Mental Potential in the Competition of Olympic Games

There are competitions of severity and tremendous pressures in Olympic Games, full of unpredictability and cruelty, which is mainly because the Olympic Games give athletes a lot of special psychological load, such as athletes' special interests and prestige, the special effect of mental magnetic field in competitions, special sources of stress, the special psychological pressure transmission system, the special con version of roles, the scenes caused by special personality of greed and fluke, and so on.     

优秀退役运动员隐性人力资本转化机理研究

This paper considers that athlete human capital possess heterogeneity and implicit human capital,which include implicit knowledge,ability,experience,athletic sprits and social network,exerts a great influence on elite retired athletes' career transition as well as the sustainable development of competitive sports in China. This paper defined athlete implicit human capital,and analyzed the problems in their career transition from knowledge management perspective. By analyzing concerned literatures and typical cases of elite retired athletes' successful transformation ,this paper concludes five influencing factors in the process of elite retired athlete implicit human capital transition,and builds the transformation mechanism of implicit human capital for elite retired athletes.     

承前启后的体育盛会

The Ninth Game of the People's Republic of China was held in Guangzhou from November 11th to 25th of 2001. 12314 athletes of 45 teams from all over the country attended preliminary contests, and 8608 athletes attended final games. Our athletes have struggled with their full strengths and created a bunch of excellent results at this game. 24 persons and 35 person-times have exceeded seven world records in 30 items and 345 sub-items, and six persons and one team have     

Overtraining/Overreaching:Leptin and Ghrelin in Male Recruits

Background In many sports,athletes with low body weight and/or low body fat content have a distinct advantage over their opponents.Such an advantage can easily turn into a noticeable disadvantage because low body weight and 'leanness' may also be associated with health problems.Anorexia Athletica(AA) is associated with leanness and thinness in female and male sports athletes despite the fact that these athletes are often very successful.High-competitive athletes often restrict their caloric intake and/or increase their energy expenditure to maintain a low body mass and/or a low amount of body fat.Several metabolic and endocrine disturbances are often the result of prolonged energy restriction.These disturbances can be detected by alterations in the hormonal profile(low levels of leptin,increased levels of ghrelin) and in changes in body composition.     

国家皮划艇（静水）队训练信息集成分析平台的构建及应用

Using experimental method,software engineering,and mathematical statistics method,an information integration analysis platform for national canoeing team training was developed,which can complete athletes' basic information management,video analysis,multi-parameter synchronous integration,static information digital monitoring and other functions. Application of the platform was used to collect and analyze the training data such as set sail ,the way planning data,and boating in the process of real-time heart rate and heart rate variability characteristics ,and found that some athletes set sail out and into the water,the time difference is too large,sequential paddle was unreasonable;compared Chinese team with the German team,the effect of catching water is not good,paddle frequency control is poor,four athletes is imbalance among the level of technology;using heart rate variability may reflect racing data structure. Chinese canoe team training information integration analysis platform established to achieve canoe training in information acquisition,information integration and data multi-parameter fast feedback.     

Nutrition For Marathon Runners In Competition Season

The week or ten days before competition is the time to cut down the amount of training,but the quality of the food must be improved, i.e.comprehensive nutrient must be supplied so as to increase the energy reserve and speed up the recovery form the pre-competition training.Calories in the food supply should be reduced lest it causes the increase of body fat and weight.In pre-competition food, glycogen reserve Should be fully guaranteed, acid food of protein of fat must be replenished exceessively. Runners should eat fruit and vegetables as much as possible to fill up various vitamins and inorganic salts.     

Social Issues in Modern Sport Politics and Nationalism

The topics of this paper are timely since the 2008 Summer Olympic Games have just recently been concluded in spectacular fashion in Beijing.Congratulations to the government of China,the Sports offi cials,spectators and most importantly,to the superb athletes who helped create the most memorable sports event in recent years.     

于无声处听惊雷

Yu Fen, head coach of the Qinghua University diving team, is the youngest full professor in the Chinese eliteuniversity. “I am so lucky to be part of Qinghua, ” said Yu, who accepted an offer to build a world-class diving team afterthe 1996 Olympic Games. “Qinghua mixes sports and education perfectly,” Yu continued. “I had been working as a professionalcoach for many years and regretted that so many retired athletes were shut out of decent jobs because they hadreceived little inte…     

Social Issues in Modern Sport Politics and Nationalism

The topics of this paper are timely since the 2008 Summer Olympic Games have just recently been concluded in spectacular fashion in Beijing. Congratulations to the government of China,the Sports offi cials, spectators and most importantly, to the superb athletes who helped create the most memorable sports event in recent years.     

关于世界男子400m速度和速度布局的研究

Top 8 athletes in the 24th Olympic Games Men 400m final and champion in the 6th World Track and Field Champion shipare the objects of study,analysis are made about speed distributionetc,general characteristics are shown and scientific bases for improvement of Chinese 400m training level are provided．     

纵跳落地动作地面反作用力计算机仿真方法的研究

It is significant to investigate the landing load suffered by high-level athletes for evaluating the training effect and prevention of injury. Simulation can get the ground reaction force （GRF）that can't be gotten by force platforms,but the accuracy of data needs to be confirmed. The study investigated the similarity and characteristic values of landing force curves got by simulation and force platforms to verify the accuracy and reliability of Lifemod simulation. Results showed that the CMCs of GRF curves gotten by simulation and force platforms were all about 0.90 representing the high correlation. The difference value of maximum GRF was 1.4% of the maximum GRF got by force platforms,and the time difference of getting the maximum GRF was 0.002s.Conclusion：Accurate data matching the real value could be got by simulation. It is feasible and accurate to get the GRF of national level athletes in the training and match.     

Specific alterations of regional myocardial work in strength-trained athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids compared to athletes with genetic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Background:Strength-trained athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids(AAS) have left ventricular(LV) hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis that can lead to sudden cardiac death.A similar feature was described in athletes with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),which complicates the diagnosis for clinicians.In this context,we aimed to compare the LV function of the 2 populations by measuring global and regional strain and myocardial work using speckle-tracking imaging.Methods:Twenty-four strength-t...     

A person-centered approach to achievement goal orientations in competitive tennis players: Associations with motivation and mental toughness

Background:Research on achievement goal orientations in sport has typically relied on the use of variable-centered approaches that tend to overlook population heterogeneity.In this study,we used a person-centered approach to identify subgroups of competitive tennis players according to unique combinations of achievement goal orientations and tested for subgroup differences in motivation and mental toughness.Methods:A sample of 323 competitive tennis athletes(69.35%male)between 15 and 25 years of age(17.60±2.40 years,mean±SD)completed the 3×2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport,Sport Motivation Scale Ⅱ,and Mental Toughness Index.Latent profile analysis was used to identify unique combinations of achievement goal orientations.Comparisons between latent subgroups on autonomous motivation,controlled motivation,and mental toughness were performed using analysis of variance.Results:Latent profile analysis supported 3 distinct patterns of achievement goal profiles that were primarily distinguishable based on valence of competence(i.e.,approach vs.avoidance).Analyses of variance indicated that athletes who were classified into subgroups that endorsed approach types of goals(regardless of the types of avoidance goals they endorsed)reported higher levels of autonomous motivation and mental toughness.Conclusion:Results indicated that athletes tend to pursue a number of achievement goals collectively rather than in isolation.Although approach goals are more commonly linked to adaptive psychological functioning and positive outcomes,avoidance goals may also be associated with desirable psychological characteristics if they are pursued in conjunction with approach types of achievement goals.     

GERMANY to Vie for Third Place against China

China has been regarded by Germanyas the biggest rival in the AthensOlympic Games. Germany, who usuallystayed third behind the United Statesand Russia in the Olympic medastandings, finished a disappointingfourth place in the Sydney Olympicsfour years ago with 14 gold medalsonly half of what fourth placer Chinacollected. Germany has vowed to regain theithird place and has made great effortsto this end. The German government will investwo million euros directly for theAthens-bound athletes,…     

Is physical performance(in mice)increased by Veillonella atypica or decreased by Lactobacillus bulgaricus?

1.Introduction Regular exercise induces changes in the overall diversity and in the relative abundance of certain gut microbiota phyla and families in humans1,2 and in animal models.3,4 This relationship has attracted a great deal of interest because it is one of the mechanisms involved in the health benefits of regular exercise3 that could also influence performance.5 A recent publication by Scheiman et al.     

Risk factors for overuse injuries in short- and long-distance running: A systematic review

Purpose:The aim of this study was to review information about risk factors for lower extremity running injuries in both short-distance(mean running distance-20 km/week and-10 km/session)and long-distance runners(mean running distance>20 km/week and>10 km/session).Methods:Electronic databases were searched for articles published up to February 2019.Prospective cohort studies using multivariable analysis for the assessment of individual risk factors or risk models for the occurrence of lower extremity running injuries were included.Two reviewers independently selected studies for eligibility and assessed risk of bias with the Quality in Prognostic Studies Tool.The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of the evidence.Results:A total of 29 studies were included:17 studies focused on short-distance runners,11 studies focused on long-distance runners,and 1 study focused on both types of runners.A previous running-related injury was the strongest risk factor for an injury for long-distance runners,with moderate-quality evidence.Previous injuries not attributed to running was the strongest risk factor for an injury for short-distance runners,with high-quality evidence.Higher body mass index,higher age,sex(male),having no previous running experience,and lower running volume were strong risk factors,with moderate quality evidence,for short-distance runners.Low-quality evidence was found for all risk models as predictors of runningrelated injuries among short-and long-distance runners.Conclusion:Several risk factors for lower extremity injuries have been identified among short-and long-distance runners,but the quality of evidence for these risk factors for running-related injuries is limited.Running injuries seem to have a multifactorial origin both in short-and long-distance runners.