基于k-subgraph算法的社交网络隐私保护研究

针对社交网络隐私保护问题,本文提出一种新的隐私保护方法——k-subgraph划分算法,它通过对社交网络进行分割,通过泛化顶点标签和扰乱图的结构特征,来对社交网络进行匿名化处理,拟达到隐私保护的目的。仿真实验表明,该方法可以有效的保护社交网络中个体的隐私信息,同时保证了社交网络中匿名数据的可用性。     

基于k-subgrap算法的社交网络隐私保护研究

针对社交网络隐私保护问题,本文提出一种新的隐私保护方法——k-subgraph划分算法,它通过对社交网络进行分割,通过泛化顶点标签和扰乱图的结构特征,来对社交网络进行匿名化处理,拟达到隐私保护的目的;仿真实验表明,该方法可以有效地保护社交网络中个体的隐私信息,同时保证了社交网络中匿名数据的可用性。     

社交网站上的自我暴露及影响因素

随着社会技术和网络技术的发展,人们能够以一种快速的方式与他人分享自己的信息,个体在社交网站上的大部分信息都能够立即呈现在整个网络上。然而,这种在社交上立即获得个人信息的方式必然会导致一种代价——即隐私的潜在丧失。本文主要关注社交网站上有关个人隐私的自我暴露行为。     

基于WoS的网络隐私计量分析

通过对相关文献的回顾,本文对国际网络隐私研究进行了计量分析,发现现有的研究主题集中在"基于移动位置服务的隐私问题研究"、"隐私保护算法研究"、"隐私保护技术研究"、"云计算的隐私安全研究"、"网络隐私权限控制研究"、"社交网站和电子商务中的用户隐私态度与行为研究"、"青少年敏感信息的隐私与安全保护研究"、"数据公开共享策略与国家治理研究"8个方面。研究发现当前研究中存在"利用数据纵向分析网络隐私主题随时间发展变化的研究较少"、"对于一些发展中国家的隐私问题关注度较低"、"国家的治理与业界的隐私政策相对独立缺乏联系"等问题,"大数据时代移动信息和社交信息挖掘过程中的隐私问题"、"在线医疗的隐私问题"等是未来研究值得关注的领域。     

网络隐私问题研究综述

随着计算机的广泛使用和网络技术的不断进步,在网络交易过程中收集、利用和出售个人隐私数据的现象十分普遍.网络隐私的侵犯问题已成为信息社会的最大困扰之一,如何有效地保护个人的网络隐私成为亟待解决的问题.本文首先介绍了网络隐私保护的出现及其发展;其次,对网络隐私的价值问题以及电子商务中的信任问题进行讨论,重点探讨了目前网络隐私保护的4种方式;最后给出了网络隐私问题未来的研究方向.     

面向社交网络隐私保护的数据挖掘方法研究

针对社交网络大量隐私数据保护问题,提出基于有损分解保护隐私数据的策略。通过对数据进行有损分解和特征重构,对数据进行垂直分散存储;利用K匿名算法,对数据进行异构重组,进而实现了对社交网络隐私保护的关联规则数据挖掘。实验结果表明:有损分解隐私数据保护算法,能有效防止数据受到安全性威胁,并且不会造成挖掘准确性的损失。     

基于显隐式反馈的个人信息隐私保护方法

【目的/意义】针对现有个人信息隐私保护方法未考虑隐式反馈数据,造成隐私保护效果低的问题,研究基于显隐式反馈的个人信息隐私保护方法,通过利用显隐式反馈信息,有效解决网络中包含个人信息的隐私保护问题。【方法/过程】首先根据提取规则提取个人信息,并将其保存至数据库中。然后,建立融合显隐式反馈数据的矩阵分解模型,利用EifSVD算法对隐式反馈矩阵进行分解。将特征向与显式反馈模型结合,实现了矩阵分解的模型求解。最后,利用个人隐私保护方案,完成矩阵分解模型求解结果的加密保护,利用基于差分隐私算法的目标函数扰动策略对个人隐私信息进行保护。【结果/结论】实验结果表明,该方法充分考虑了用户的隐式反馈数据,具有较高的安全性与可靠性,提升了个人信息隐私保护性能,可以保证个人信息隐私数据在服务端传输信息时的安全性,同时不影响网络传输性能以及数据查询效率。【创新/局限】但因本文中的实验案例较单一,因此研究结果仍存在一定局限性,后期将结合不同案例对所提出的个人信息隐私保护方法进行验证,保证方法的准确性。     

ICT环境下个体隐私感知与保护行为研究

信息通讯技术(ICT)的迅速发展使得人们可以通过微博、即时通信软件(IM)、手机终端应用及社交网络(SNS)来发布个人真实信息,网络将以往零散的碎片信息整合成完整的个体信息,造成隐私泄露现象日益严重。本文总结了个体隐私泄露的渠道和类别,通过访谈研究,分析了个体隐私感知风险以及个体隐私保护行为特征:个体特征差异(受教育水平、网络经验)导致隐私关注差异;信息关联及商业价值在不同程度上与隐私关注的变化相关;隐私关注对感知隐私风险产生影响;个体隐私保护行为(常规保护、技术保护)因隐私风险感知不同而发生变化。在此基础上,构建了个体隐私感知与保护行为模型。     

移动社交网络中个人信息保护现状的调查与分析--从用户行为习惯视角出发

对移动社交网络中个人信息安全问题进行抽样调查和分析发现,影响个人信息安全的用户行为习惯主要包括：使用与自己相关的个人信息作为密码并且在多个社交网站上使用同一个密码;安装使用未知来源的移动社交应用,但是不经常更新系统安全软件;不会一直使用终端系统的隐私控制功能;担心位置信息泄露,但是经常开启GPS功能;喜欢上传隐私数据至网盘。在对用户行为习惯分析的基础上,提出了保障移动社交网络中个人信息安全的策略。     

在线社交网络中好友亲密度判定方法研究

与现实生活中的朋友关系不同,多数的在线社交网络系统为每个人只设定一个简单的二元好友联系,即要么是朋友,要么不是。这种好友关系的定义为个人隐私信息的保护带来了许多问题。分析了一种基于当前社交网络平台的互动信息自动判定好友亲密度方法,并结合该方法提出了一种半自动的隐私控制框架。     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

The Information Environment and Universal Service

This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.