中国不产曲籽芋属植物

曲籽芋属在中国的分布源自对采自海南的一号标本———W.T.Tsang（曾怀德）553=L.U.16052（1927年8月27日采）的错误鉴定。这号标本被E.D.Merrill定名为曲籽芋Cyrtosperma lasioides Griffith，并分藏于国内外的标本馆。因此，《海南植物志》第四卷、《中国植物志》第十三卷第二分册、《中国种子植物科属词典》以及吴征镒的《中国种子植物属的分布区类型》一文等都记录了曲籽芋属。收藏在中国科学院华南植物研究所、英国邱皇家植物园和爱丁堡皇家植物园的W.T.Tsang（     

浅谈巴西专利制度对化学领域专利申请的特殊要求

巴西同中国一样是大陆法系国家,1978年成为《专利合作条约》的成员国,1994年加入了《生物多样性公约》(CBD),1999年成为国际植物新品种保护联盟的成员,2004年加入《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》     

基于文献资料对西藏茄科植物名录的整理和修订

为了解西藏茄科植物资源分布状况,此研究以《西藏植物志》为基础,结合最新的文献资料和标本信息对西藏茄科植物名录进行梳理和整理。结果表明西藏茄科植物分布共计18属46种（含1变种、1杂交种）,其中野生植物34种（含1变种）、栽培植物12种（含1杂交种种）,在《西藏植物志》基础上共增加茄科植物4属15种（含1变种、1杂交种）,形成新的茄科植物名录。研究结果将为西藏茄科植物的引种、驯化、新品种培育以及生物多样性的保护提供基础数据。     

中国的世界遗产地旅游资源开发与保护

联合国教科文组织大会于1972年11月16日在巴黎通过《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》(通常简称《世界遗产公约》),标示着保护世 界遗产的全球化行动的开始。中国政府于1985年11月加入《世界遗产公约》,成为缔约方。自1987年世界遗产委员会第11届会议批准中国 的故宫等6处遗产列入《世界遗产名录》至今,中国已有31处文化遗址和自然景观列入《世界遗产名录》,其中文化遗产23项,自然遗产4项,文化 和自然双重遗产4项。被列入《世界遗产名录》的自然文化遗产不仅要有突出普遍的科学、美学或历史文化价值,而且必须因其真实性和完整性得以 展示给当代人和后代。保护从而使之得以世代传承、永续利用是世界遗产公约的宗旨所在,由此可见,登录为世界遗产的目的是为了遗产地能更好地 得到“保护、保存、展出和遗传后代”,世界遗产作为全人类的科研、教育、游览、启智和创作体验等多种精神文化活动场所,旅游就是其众多功能中 的一部分。     

拯救中国珍稀濒危动物(一)

我国是濒危动物分布大国。据不完全统计，仅列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》附录的原产于中国的濒危动物有120多种(指原产地在中国的物种)，列入《国家重点保护野生动物名录》的有257种，列入《中国濒危动物红皮书》的鸟类、两栖爬行类和鱼类有400种，列入各省、自治区、直辖市重点保护野生动物名录的还有成百上千种。随着经济的持续快速发展和生态环境的日益恶化，我国的濒危动物种类还会可能会逐步丢失，进而危及其生存，甚至导致其绝灭。     

含羞草与风流草

云南省的西双版纳植物园,占地面积13500亩,保留有大片原始森林,已引种栽培热带植物4000多种,其中100多种是国家重点保护植物。各种植物分类集中种养,组成错落有致的10多个植物专业区。     

大熊猫及其森林生态系统生物多样性与保护对策

常青自然保护区以大熊猫及其森林生态系统为保护对象，是生物多样性丰富的区域之一。种子植物146科，1792种，其中有中国种子植物特有属30属，国家保护植物29种；脊椎动物248种，其中国家珍贵保护动物30种。动、植物区系分析表明该区的原始性，南北过渡性以及种类的多样性和分布的复杂性。对该区存在的问题及多种珍稀动、植物栖息地的生物多样性的保护与持续发展的对策进行了探讨。     

东营盐生植物园的前景展望

盐生植物园的建设是耐盐植物研究与开发利用的基础,尤其是在黄河三角洲特有的生态环境条件下,建立一处独具特色的盐生植物园,将加快耐盐植物种类资源的收集、保存、研究和开发利用。推动黄河三角洲高效生态经济和国际绿色产业示范区建设,促进耐盐植物的研究与产业化进程。实现滨海盐碱地区农业的可持续发展。     

全球陆生植物名录“大全”在英发布

英国皇家植物园丘园和美国密苏里植物园2010年12月29日在伦敦联合发布了由全球多个植物研究机构合作完成的《植物名录》。这部被业界称为“陆生植物大全”的文献收录了约125万个陆地植物名称,包括各个物种的正式学名和各种别名。     

对P.A.Munz《亚洲翠雀属（狭义）植物纲要》中中国种类的错误鉴定的进一步订正

通过检查美国哈佛大学Gray标本馆（GH）、英国邱皇家植物园标本馆（K）和英国自然历史博物馆（BM）的中国翠雀属Delphinium L.植物标本，在王文采有关工作的基础上，对P.A.Munz1967-1968年在其《亚洲翠雀属（狭义）植物纲要》一文中有关中国种类的错误鉴定进行了进一步订正，给出了有关误订标本的重要鉴别特征。     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Stern-Gerlach effect goes chiral

Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.