安徽省第10届运动会武术套路比赛裁判员评分的客观性及相关问题分析

通过对安徽省第10届运动会武术套路比赛部分单项评分数据的分析发现，裁判员的评分标准不一致，区分度不高，说明裁判员水平偏低，影响了运动员最后得分的可信性。提出提高安徽省武术套路裁判员评分客观性的主要途径，是提高裁判员的整体水平和评分规则的合理性。     

甘肃省第一届大学生运动会武术套路比赛裁判员评分的客观性及相关问题分析

文章通过对甘肃省第一届大学生运动会武术套路比赛部分单项评分数据的分析发现,裁判员的评分标准不一致,区分度不高,裁判员总体水平较低,影响了运动员最后得分的可信度。文章分析了影响裁判客观性的主要因素,并提出提高甘肃省武术套路裁判评分客现性的主要途径。     

武术套路竞赛规则的演变对比赛评判客观性的影响

综观50多年来武术套路竞赛规则演变,可以看出武术套路评分细则、运动员所得分数的处理办法以及运用电子评分系统的科学化程度对提高武术套路比赛评判的客观性起到了重要的作用.特别是评分方式从整体评分过渡到切块评分、裁判人数的增加及分工的细化、量化指标的增加等等提高了比赛评判的可操作性和评分的可比性,从而提高了武术套路比赛评判的客观性.建议逐步科学量化指标的同时要考虑到对武术套路运动技术的正确引导和提高裁判员的执法可操作程度;控制单场比赛运动员人数;进一步引入先进的科学技术提高评分系统的科学化程度,增加评判监督系统.     

影响武术套路裁判员执裁能力的因素分析

根据武术套路竞赛的特点 ,就影响武术套路裁判员执裁能力的诸多因素进行调查、分析和研究。调查结果显示 :影响武术套路裁判员执裁能力的因素 ,主要是裁判员职业道德水平、裁判掌握规则的熟练程度等 10项主要内容。通过重要性排序、比较 ,其主、客观因素之比为 6比 4,而客观因素中前 2项为裁判法的出台和竞赛规则的可操作性。建议 :建立、健全武术套路裁判员管理体系 ,以规范、提高裁判员的职业道德、业务能力 ;尽快出台武术套路竞赛裁判法 ,以使裁判员获得更为客观、细化的实际操作指南     

武术套路比赛裁判执法的影响因素与对策分析

由于武术套路竞赛的特点,从而形成了武术套路比赛受裁判的主、客观因素的影响。为保证武术套路比赛的公平性与可持续性,对影响武术套路裁判执法因素进行解析,从而提出对策分析,对建立、健全武术套路裁判员管理体系,规范、提高裁判员的职业道德、业务能力具有重要意义。     

甘肃省武术套路裁判队伍现状调查

随着武术竞赛规则的变化以及甘肃省竞技武术套路水平的不断提高,对武术套路裁判员也提出了更高的要求。文章采用文献资料法、问卷调查法等研究方法,对当前甘肃省武术套路裁判队伍的现状进行调查研究,并提出相应的建议,为甘肃省武术裁判队伍建设提供理论基础。     

竞技武术套路演练水平的模糊综合评判法

采用模糊综合评判方法,对竞技武术运动员的套路演练水平进行评定。结果表明,该方法能将裁判员的评分由定性向定量转变,使评分更准确、更客观。     

从新旧规则比较探析武术套路裁判员的执裁能力

武术套路新规则的实施和完善引导着现代竞技武术朝着“高、难、新、美”的方向发展。文章通过对1996年旧规则与2003年新规则进行比较分析,探讨在新规则实施下影响武术套路裁判员执裁能力的相关因素,并对提高武术套路裁判员执裁能力提出了相应的建议。     

全国武术套路冠军赛中传统项目发展现状研究

文章采用文献资料、问卷调查和数据统计等方法就全国武术套路冠军赛中传统项目的发展现状进行了调查研究。研究结果表明：教练传授、队友交流和录像学习是队员学习传统武术套路的主要途径;宣传力度不够是观众稀少的主要原因;参赛条件限制了传统武术的传播;竞赛规则的不完善影响了裁判员的评分;受全国武术套路锦标赛的竞赛规则影响太多和对演练水平的艺术性、观赏性要求过高是当前传统比赛规则的主要问题。     

赛场硝烟起'96新规则登场——全国武术锦标赛套路团体赛述评

步入96年,武术领域中的大事、要事纷纷不断,武术竞赛套路新规则的出台,引起了武术界方方面面的广泛关注和重视。 中州会考 裁判员持证上岗 四月的中州大地,河南省武术队训练基地迎来了一批批来自全国各地的国家级武术套路裁判员。按规定一个省市只可配派四名武术裁判员到郑州参加由国家体委武术运动管理中心训练竞赛部举办的’96武术套路新规则学习班,120名裁判员怀着几许兴奋和紧张的心情开始了新规则的学习。 新规则实行了切块打分改革:动作完成分值为6.8分,演练水平分值为3.0分,创新难度动作分值为0.2分,由两组裁判员分别评判和裁判长评判,增加了     

对我国高等院校体育俱乐部的研究

越来越多的高校以体育俱乐部的形式进行了教学改革,但目前对高校体育俱乐部的研究存在着概念模糊、分类不准确、定性不明确等问题,结合理论与实践对以上问题进行了分析,并提出了自己的见解。     

论新生活运动正当娱乐中的体育

新生活运动历时15年,涉及到了国民生活的方方面面。娱乐作为生活的重要组成部分,也受到新生活运动的影响。为了纠正社会上根深蒂固的“烟”、“赌”和“娼”等不良风气,新生活运动组织十分重视对正当娱乐的提倡,对体育尤为重视。蒋介石本人在新生活运动周年纪念大会上专门提到过体育问题。体育活动曾被作为新生活运动的年度中心工作或者工作要点来开展。虽然最后对体育的提倡没有达到十分理想的效果,但确实引导了国民的健康观念。新生活运动组织还培养了数量不多的体育人员,为近代体育的发展注入了动力。     

Changes in repeated-sprint performance in relation to change in locomotor profile in highly-trained young soccer players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of changes in maximal aerobic (MAS) and sprinting (MSS) speeds and the anaerobic reserve (ASR) on repeated-sprint performance. Two hundred and seventy highly-trained soccer players (14.5 ± 1.6 year) completed three times per season (over 5 years) a maximal incremental running test to approach MAS, a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits to assess MSS and a repeated-sprint test (10 × 30-m sprints), where best (RSb) and mean (RSm) sprint times, and percentage of speed decrement (%Dec) were calculated. ASR was calculated as MSS-MAS. While ?RSb were related to ?MSS and ?body mass (r² = 0.42, 90%CL[0.34;0.49] for the overall multiple regression, n = 334), ?RSm was also correlated with ?MAS and ?sum of 7 skinfolds (r² = 0.43 [0.35;0.50], n = 334). There was a small and positive association between ?%Dec and ?MAS (r² = 0.02 [?0.07;0.11], n = 334). Substantial ?MSS and ?MAS had a predictive value of 70 and 55% for ?RSm, respectively. Finally, ?ASR per se was not predictive of ?RSm (Cohen’s = +0.8 to ?0.3 with increased ASR), but the greater magnitude of ?RSm improvement was observed when MSS, MAS and ASR increased together (0.8 vs. +0.4 with ASR increased vs. not, additionally to MSS and MAS). Low-cost field tests aimed at assessing maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds can be used to monitor ?RS performance.     

武汉市城镇居民体育消费现状的调查与分析

运用问卷调查和文献资料等方法,对武汉市居民体育消费水平、体育消费结构、体育消费影响因素、体育消费发展趋势等进行了分析研究。结果表明:居民对体育的功能和作用有深刻认识,但由于经济因素和传统习惯等影响,保守性消费观念仍占主导地位;体育消费的绝对水平较10年前大幅增长,但相对水平涨幅不大。     

2004年上海市竞技体育后备人才运动成绩比较分析

运用文献资料、专家访谈和数理统计研究方法,对上海市二、三线运动员2004年参加全国比赛前三名的成绩进行分析,并与部分省市二、三线运动员成绩比较。结果表明:上海市竞技体育后备人才部分项目在全国保持一定优势,但后备人才严重匮乏;未来几年比赛夺金人员缺乏;部分项目与其它省市有较大的差距;其它省市对上海优势项目构成较大威胁。     

Physiotherapy in Critical Care in Australia

A physiotherapist is part of the multidisciplinary team in most intensive care units in Australia. Physiotherapists are primary contact practitioners and use a comprehensive multisystem assessment that includes the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems to formulate individualized treatment plans. The traditional focus of treatment has been the respiratory management of both intubated and spontaneously breathing patients. However, the emerging evidence of the longstanding physical impairment suffered by survivors of intensive care has resulted in physiotherapists re-evaluating treatment priorities to include exercise rehabilitation as a part of standard clinical practice. The goals of respiratory physiotherapy management are to promote secretion clearance, maintain or recruit lung volume, optimize oxygenation, and prevent respiratory complications in both the intubated and spontaneously breathing patient. In the intubated patient, physiotherapists commonly employ manual and ventilator hyperinflation and positioning as treatment techniques whilst in the spontaneously breathing patients there is an emphasis on mobilization. Physiotherapists predominantly use functional activities for the rehabilitation of the critically ill patient in intensive care. While variability exists between states and centers, Australian physiotherapists actively treat critically ill patients targeting interventions based upon research evidence and individualized assessment. A trend toward more emphasis on exercise rehabilitation over respiratory management is evident.Key Words: physiotherapy, intensive care     

“体育强市”视域下上海市公共体育服务研究

公共体育服务是上海“体育强市”建设的基础支撑.“十一五”时期,上海市公共体育服务制度化建设逐渐加强,便民化设施不断增多,系列化活动初具规模,但仍面临着“制度设计”执行不力、“多元主体”供给失衡、“以需定供”尚未畅通等困境.在建设“体育强市”的过程中,应夯实公共体育服务基础,丰富公共体育服务内涵,培育公共体育服务多元主体,构建公共体育服务评价机制.     

Changes in leg kinematics in response to unpredictability in lateral jump execution

Abstract

Lateral movements like cutting are essential in many team sport disciplines. The aim of the present study was to analyse adaptations in motor control in response to task unpredictability during lateral movement execution. Twelve subjects performed lateral jumps with different landing modalities (stable, sliding or counteracting) that were either known (predictable setting) or unknown (unpredictable setting) prior to movement execution. Results revealed that regardless of the landing modality, hip joint abduction was significantly greater in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. Furthermore, during the sliding landing modality, hip flexion decreased from 211 ± 7° to 207 ± 7° and knee flexion decreased from 26 ± 4° to 24 ± 4° at the instant of ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable condition. During the stable landing modality, the knee joint abduction increased from ?0.3 ± 6° to ?3 ± 6° after initial ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. The present results support our hypothesis that pre-programmed motor activity depends on the predictability of the landing modality during lateral movements. According to its adaptation in the frontal plane and in some extent in the sagittal plane, the hip joint seems to play the major role in the modulation of the pre-programmed activity for successful lateral jump execution in an unpredictable setting. However, these kinematic adaptations are concerning since these changes were associated with higher knee abduction during the stable landing modality and therefore with possible higher risk of injury.     

论面向21世纪高等医学院校的体育改革

面对21世纪,高等医学院校体育教育改革应给学生全方位的体育教育,尤其要结合医学专业特点,提高选择和制定运动处方及指导监督他人体育健身康复的能力。