Predicting e-readiness at firm-level: An analysis of technological,organizational and environmental (TOE) effects on e-maintenance readiness in manufacturing firms

This study predicts the impact of technological, organizational and environmental (TOE) determinants on e-maintenance technology readiness in manufacturing firms. Survey responses of 308 managers from a wide spectrum of manufacturing firms have been validated and analyzed by means of structural equation modelling. The findings indicate that dimensions of e-maintenance technology readiness in manufacturing firms are mainly influenced by technological and organizational determinants involving technological infrastructure and competence, expected benefits and challenges of e-maintenance, and firm size and ownership. Surprisingly, there is no significant effect of competitive pressures on e-maintenance readiness. This study offers managers and vendors a frame of reference to analyze firm's situation before initiating new innovations. In case of e-maintenance technology, adoption strategies should be built around fostering level of employees’ technological knowledge and skills, technology infrastructure as well as sustaining potential benefits and encountering potential challenges associated with e-maintenance technology. This paper is one of the early studies that predict dimensions of technology readiness index (TRI) through the determinants of technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework. Also, it is among the first attempts to link prominent technology adoption models to e-maintenance technology as a novel form of enterprise innovations.     

Examining cloud computing adoption intention,pricing mechanism,and deployment model

Cloud computing is a new information technology (IT) paradigm that promises to revolutionize traditional IT delivery through reduced costs, greater elasticity, and ubiquitous access. On the surface, adopting cloud computing requires a firm to address many of the same concerns they face in adopting any enterprise IT. However, cloud technologies also offer new pricing and deployment strategies that are unavailable in traditional enterprise solutions. It is unclear how previous research frameworks of enterprise IT adoption relate to these new adoption strategies. To bridge this gap in the literature, our study uses the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework of innovation diffusion theory to develop a cloud service adoption model that deals with not only adoption intention, but also pricing mechanisms and deployment models. Our research model has been empirically tested using 200 Taiwanese firms. We found that: (1) Cloud adoption is still at its initial stage, since the adoption rates are very low; (2) the perceived benefits, business concerns, and IT capability within the TOE framework are significant determinants of cloud computing adoption, while external pressure is not; (3) firms with greater IT capability tend to choose the pay-as-you-go pricing mechanism; (4) business concern is the most important factor influencing the choice of deployment model, with higher concerns leading to private deployment options.     

外部环境对中小型企业采用数字技术影响研究

数字技术对企业发展至关重要。中小型企业是我国经济发展的重要贡献者,相较于大型企业,其对外部环境更为敏感,但现有研究却未解释外部环境影响中小型企业采用数字技术的作用机制。为此,研究基于技术-企业-环境（TOE）框架理论,构建了结构方程模型,并利用207家中国中小型企业的数据对模型进行了实证检验。结果表明,政府政策和竞争压力两个外部环境变量通过技术因素对中国中小型企业采用数字技术产生间接影响;企业层面的感知利得对中小型企业采用数字技术的影响并不显著。研究结论可解释外部环境影响中小型企业采用数字技术的路径,对中国中小型企业数字化转型具有启示意义;同时,结果证实了数字能力和数字兼容性两个技术因素在外部环境与中小型企业采用数字技术间起到的中介作用,可对现有TOE框架理论形成补充与完善。     

Social commerce adoption using TOE framework: An empirical investigation of Saudi Arabian SMEs

Social commerce is becoming an important hub for product sourcing, which helps companies to connect with customers and to gain competitive advantages. However, very little empirical research that focuses on small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has been conducted to date. This study examines factors that affect social commerce adoption by SMEs. Using the Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) as the theoretical framework, the researchers tested the model and related hypotheses, employing structural equation modelling. The results from a survey of 181 SMEs in Saudi Arabia indicate that trading partner pressure in the environmental context, followed by top management support in the organisational context, and perceived usefulness in the technological context, have the most significant influence on behavioural intention to use social commerce. The research contributions and conclusion as well as limitations and future research directions are presented.     

农产品供应链中物联网技术采纳的影响因素分析

总结并分析国内外物联网及其主流技术无线射频识别(RFID)技术采纳影响因素方面的研究文献,初步构建了农产品供应链中物联网技术采纳影响因素的技术组织环境(TOE)框架。根据实际调研数据,运用结构方程模型(SEM)对提出的物联网技术采纳影响因素的TOE模型进行实证分析。结果表明:员工阻力和不确定性不被模型支持;在被支持的众多因素中,兼容性、感知效益、企业规模、高层支持、供应链企业间相互信任、技术知识、外部压力、政府支持对物联网技术的采纳有正向的显著影响,影响最大的是企业规模,影响最小的是外部压力;复杂性和成本对物联网技术的采纳有负向的显著影响,成本对物联网技术的采纳负向影响最大。     

科技资源开放共享平台创新扩散的关键因素研究——基于TOE理论框架

开放共享平台是科技资源领域的一项重要技术创新、知识创新和管理创新,其创新扩散受到各种关键因素的影响。以创新扩散理论和TOE理论框架为基础,深入分析技术、组织和环境等各种关键因素对开放共享平台采纳和扩散的影响。通过建立的关键因素模型,研究结果表明：平台基础、复杂性、兼容性、管理体制、保障体系、市场环境和政策法规是影响科技资源开放共享平台进一步扩散的关键因素,而组织因素的人才体系和环境因素的社会环境目前对开放共享平台扩散并没有显著影响。在此基础上提出了有利于科技资源开放共享平台进一步扩散的相关政策与建议。     

An integrated framework for RFID adoption and diffusion with a stage-scale-scope cubicle model: A case of Indonesia

This study presents a comprehensive framework to identify dynamic radio frequency identification (RFID) adoption and diffusion from three different perspectives: stages of adoption, levels of analysis, and domain of issues. The main concern of this study is stages of adoption, which covers three phases in respect of the maturity of the RFID project and the sophistication of business applications and RFID technology. The level of analysis involves different units of analysis beyond the organization level, including the industry- and country-level, which is lacking in the current literature. To understand dimensions of RFID issues, a strategy, technology, organization, people and environment (STOPE) based approach was applied. An extensive review of prior literature was conducted to find various RFID success factors and the Delphi method was applied to find positions of these factors within the framework. Based on the Delphi, some factors belong to early stage of adoption, and some others persist in the later stages of adoption. At the country level, factors such as RFID national policy, R&D policy and income per capita were accepted by most experts at the preliminary and intermediate stage; strategy and environment were accepted as important domains. To find practical implications of the framework, a case study of Indonesia was conducted at each level of analysis. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to identify most important factors and important domains of issues with respect to the factors from the Delphi results. At country level, RFID policy, vision of leadership and RFID potential market are the most important factors; strategy and environment are the most important domains.     

中小企业SaaS ERP采纳机理研究

基于社会认知理论,结合SaaS ERP较于传统ERP的特点,从采纳战略管理的视角出发,构建SaaS ERP采纳机理理论框架,通过SmartPLS 2.0对模型假设进行验证。研究结果显示,内部资源完备性、SaaS ERP相对利得、SaaS ERP相对利失在一定程度上影响着中小企业决策群体对SaaS ERP的采纳价值认知,同时,SaaS ERP采纳战略意愿受到采纳价值认知这一主观因素和内部资源完备性、外部环境支持度这两个客观条件的制约。建立了中小企业SaaS ERP采纳机理模型,为企业采纳SaaS ERP提供了相应的指导,并且为后续研究奠定了一定的理论基础。     

Drivers and inhibitors of SaaS adoption in Korea

The concept of software as a service (SaaS) has received considerable attention in recent years, and an increasing number of countries have consequently promoted the SaaS market. However, those countries without mature SaaS markets have experienced many SaaS-related problems. To facilitate SaaS adoption, we first analyzed Korea's newly established SaaS market. We then employed a method based on the two-factor theory in order to classify the SaaS market into adoption-driving and adoption-inhibiting areas. From the adoption-driving area perspective, the results of the method demonstrate the validity of the consumerization phenomenon and the PEST analysis. Customer factors in the consumerization phenomenon and economic factors in the PEST analysis were the most important drivers of SaaS adoption. From the adoption-inhibiting area perspective, customer factors as well as supplier and environment factors inhibited SaaS adoption; according to the PEST analysis, social, economic and political factors inhibited SaaS adoption. These results have important implications for Asian countries with newly established SaaS markets, including Australia, China and Singapore.     

Determinants of master data management adoption by local government organizations: An empirical study

Master Data Management (MDM) is an approach for effective management of shared master data across organizations. In the public sector, MDM initiatives have been developed; however, the adoption among local government remains slow and there has been little interest in MDM adoption in extant research. Building on a Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, a conceptual model which highlights a set of potential determinants affecting the adoption of MDM by local government was developed. To validate the model, data were collected via survey from 224 responses from Malaysian local government department units. Using SEM-PLS, the study confirmed that data quality and data governance are two determinants of MDM adoption specific to the context of Malaysian local government, and four other determinants – complexity, top management support, technological competence, and citizen demand – are found to have significant effects on MDM adoption by local government. Surprisingly, three determinants – relative advantage, data security, and government policy – are found to have non-significant relationships to the adoption of MDM by local government. In addition, top management support is revealed to be a cornerstone of MDM technological competence in local government. The study contributes to the theoretical, contextual, and practical knowledge of MDM and IT adoption in the context of local government.     

不确定性条件下企业信息系统的云化决策方法

企业在决策本地化信息系统转换为云模式的软件即服务时面临着技术市场发展、云化收益、决策者风险偏好等诸多不确定性。针对该决策,引入前景理论考虑了维持现状偏好、追求管理时尚等心理行为,依据交易成本理论和技术组织环境理论提取了决策指标,以未来不同的软件即服务市场成熟度作为前景状态,计算各备选信息系统云化迁移的综合前景值,形成不确定性条件下企业信息系统的云化决策方法。同时,应用该方法实例分析了一家企业,并与基于期望值的灰色随机多准则决策方法进行了比较,说明了该方法的可行性和合理性。     

Exploring decisive factors affecting an organization's SaaS adoption: A case study

Software as a Service (SaaS) is regarded as a favorable solution to enhance a modern organization's IT performance and competitiveness; however, many organizations may still be reluctant to introduce SaaS solutions mainly because of the trust concern—they may perceive more risks than benefits. This paper presumes that an organization will augment the trust of adopting SaaS solutions when perceived risks decrease and/or perceived benefits increase. To gain insights into this issue, a solution framework using a modified Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach is proposed. The core logic is to treat perceived benefits and perceived risks as two distinct themes so that a visible cause–effect diagram can be developed to facilitate the decision makers. A case study is conducted on a Taiwanese company—one of the world's leading manufacturers in the niche and specialized resistor markets. The findings suggest that the case company concern more about strategic-oriented benefits than economic-oriented benefits and more about subjective risks than technical risks. Some implications are addressed accordingly.     

从复杂网络视角研究BIM技术扩散

首先结合TOE框架理论与创新决策过程,探讨基于Agent的创新扩散模型与Bass模型的内在联系,构建基于Agent的BIM技术扩散模型,其次利用Netlogo软件对BIM技术扩散进行动态仿真,探讨技术、组织和环境因素对建筑企业采纳行为的影响,预测BIM扩散趋势并提出政策建议。研究结果表明：BIM技术初始成熟度能提高扩散速度,但不能扩大扩散范围;BIM技术进步系数、网络平均度对BIM扩散起着积极稳定的影响;BIM技术初始成熟度能够在一定条件下削弱建筑企业需求差异。     

组态视角下基于TOE 的可转化专利特征因果推断

从专利技术（T）、组织（O）、环境（E）三个维度构建可转化专利特征的TOE框架，利用LASSO和熵值法进行多维特征筛选与融合。结合NCA和fsQCA方法，探索专利可转化的必要条件和关键组态，揭示可转化专利形成的驱动模式和内在机理。通过燃料电池领域数据的实证研究，发现：可转化专利的形成是多维特征交互作用的结果，包括三种驱动模式：专利价值和组织实力混合驱动、专利价值和组织合作混合驱动、组织实力驱动，专利多维特征与可转化之间的因果关系存在多重并发和多种方案等效的特点。同时，基于组态分析结果，构建了可转化专利形成的CDEF机理模型，即：满足各类技术需求是专利可转化的根本动因，专利价值高、组织实力强和多组织合作这三个核心条件，以及文本特征、供给环境这两个辅助条件的复杂交互构成了可转化专利形成的多元路径。     

技术追赶中商业模式设计与技术创新战略共演——阿里巴巴集团纵向案例研究

互联网信息技术的高速发展为后发企业技术追赶提供了新的情境。中国后发企业在技术追赶中表现突出,一些企业已经从追赶进入赶超阶段。通过对互联网科技领军企业阿里巴巴的纵向单案例研究,探索了后发企业技术追赶过程中商业模式设计和技术创新战略的共演机制,建立了一个将环境、商业模式设计—技术创新战略、技术追赶以一种复合视角联系起来的框架,得出主要结论:(1)商业模式设计与技术创新战略的动态匹配及其共同演化,是后发企业实现技术追赶的重要模式;(2)该共演过程会与所处环境形成良好互动,从而更好实现技术追赶;(3)技术追赶的成效会反过来影响后发企业组织架构的设计和战略的选择。研究结论从理论和实践上丰富了现有后发企业技术追赶研究。     

信息技术组织扩散研究进展与理论回顾

随着信息技术组织扩散的深入推进,信息技术组织扩散研究重点已从封闭式信息技术组织采纳行为转向交互式信息技术的跨组织系统扩散行为,以及后采纳期的组织成员采纳与使用行为,大量研究在IDT或TOE框架的基础上融合其他理论,对信息技术组织扩散进程的影响因素进行了更为全面的考察。对近40年来信息技术组织扩散研究相关文献进行考察分析,旨在介绍信息技术组织扩散研究进展,建构其理论整合框架,展望其未来发展。     

An exploratory study to understand the critical factors affecting the decision to adopt cloud computing in Taiwan hospital

The purpose of this study is to investigate the critical factors that will affect the decision to adopt cloud computing technology in developing countries, specifically in Taiwan's hospital industry. This study mainly integrates the TOE (Technology-Organization-Environment) framework and HOT-fit (Human-Organization-Technology fit) model to understand this issue. Information was collected by employing a questionnaire research design to hospital CIOs in Taiwan. The obtained results indicate that the 5 most critical factors are data security, perceived technical competence, cost, top manager support, and complexity. Further, among the proposed four dimensions the most important one is technology followed by human, organizational, and environmental factors. Finally, the results show that significant differences exist in CIO innovativeness, data security, compatibility, top manager support, adequate resource, and perceived industry pressure across different adopting groups. For practitioners, this study identifies key factors for hospitals to make an adoption decision toward cloud computing technology. As for academia, this study can be provided as a useful reference for future studies in this subject field.     

Smaller firms and Europe's high technology sectors: a framework for analysis and some statistical evidence

This paper introduces a simple framework through which the evolution of industries can be `mapped'. This framework is used to discuss the role of small firms in the development of Europe's high technology sectors during the 1980s. The framework assesses the development of high technology sectors in two dimensions (1) through the change over time in the number of units (establishments or enterprises) in these sectors and (2) through the changing employment of these sectors. Changes within both manufacturing and service sectors are discussed and differences are found between the sectors examined. Especially among the manufacturing sectors, differences are also found between countries. In some countries the high technology manufacturing sectors are growing both in terms of the number of units active in these activities and their employment, while in other countries, the number of units is increasing but employment is contracting. Within this context, it may well be that the growth in the number of high technology small firms has at least as much to do with `negative' factors, such as the `down-sizing' of large firms, as it has to do with `positive' factors, such as the creation of innovative new enterprises.     

基于破坏事件的双元惯例治理选择研究

 破坏事件作为组织负效应的研究分支被组织创新领域学者广泛关注,近期基于创新理论与非契约治理中的组织惯例研究意识到,组织内外基于颠覆性创新的不同类型破坏事件有可能对组织惯例的非契约治理结果存在不同影响。基于此,本文结合双元创新理论与社会网络理论,以组织适应性作为因变量,探究不同阶段破坏事件发生的情况下双元惯例的治理选择问题。实证结果表明,在一阶破坏水平高而二阶破坏水平低的情况下利用式惯例与探索式惯例对组织适应性同样有效;在一阶破坏水平低而二阶破坏水平高的情况下探索式惯例对组织适应性存在正向促进作用而利用式惯例对组织适应性存在负向抑制作用。研究结论有利于理解破坏事件通过惯例促进组织适应性与组织绩效原因,并为企业如何利用组织双元惯例在组织变革中存活与提升组织适应性提供理论依据。     

农户间知识共享研究述评

基于已有文献的回顾,归纳并重新界定农户间知识共享的内涵,建立农户间知识共享要素、过程、功能的三维度分析框架,包括分析农户间知识共享的主体、客体、信息渠道以及共享环境等要素;系统讨论农户间知识共享的知识溢出、知识学习、知识转移及知识创新过程;综合考察农户间知识共享行为推动农户技术采用,进而实现农业技术推广,完善农业产业链发展的积极作用。最后,结合三维分析框架和我国农业产业发展的新形势,提出四点具有潜力的研究方向,以期为后来研究者提供启示与指引。