林德曼终身教育思想的缘起、观点及现实启示

林德曼终身教育思想缘起于社会变迁对终身教育的吁求,进步主义教育思潮的驱动以及个人终身教育实践的引领,主要包括终身教育是贯穿人一生的学习过程、终身教育是社会生活的必要条件以及终身教育是个人价值的实现形式三个核心观点,为新时代我国终身教育改革创新提供了重要现实启示。基于此,未来我国应致力于构建“持续性”终身教育体系,营造“无疆界”终身教育生态,形塑“个性化”终身教育模式,以推动我国终身教育理论与实践的发展与进步。     

Misrepresentations of Indigenous History and Science: Public broadcasting,the Internet,and education

This paper examines the role of history in power relations which suppress Indigenous knowledges. History is located as being about power and about how the powerful maintain their power. The paper further examines the Bering Strait theory/myth and ways that discourses in history combine with discourses in science to devalue Indigenous knowledges. The “truth” of science is challenged and examples of manipulation of scientific knowledge are provided, including discussions of a Canadian Broadcasting Corporation made for television production A people's history and an Internet website provided by the American government. These production activities supported by the Canadian and American governments are considered educational activities engaged in the practice of cultural representation in which dominant discourses about Indigenous peoples are presented. The paper challenges dominant misrepresentations of discourses about Indigenous peoples in a discussion of educational practices emphasizing the need of Indigenous peoples to control education and cultural representations. The paper concludes that it is a responsibility of society to educate all students to understand that any portrayal of history comes from a particular vantage point and to understand that dominant society privileges some representations and disadvantages others. If we teach in a critical way and challenge dominant discourses we can begin to create a society in which all persons in Canada and the USA, including Indigenous peoples, have a role to play.     

Rethinking work. Time,space and discourse

In this paper, we survey the contemporary movement away from traditional educational forms to the new discourses and practices associated with the term “lifelong learning”. We relate this movement to the sense of crisis which seems to be present in the post‐compulsory and higher education sectors. We locate it in the technological, economic and cultural changes which characterise the postmodern condition and the questioning of the grand narratives which have sustained education in modernity. We examine how these changes are effecting education in terms of trends such as vocationalisation, marketisation, the commodification of knowledge, the individualising of learning and the challenging of the monopoly position of universities. We ask what “education” means when it is not a bounded field and what “learning” means in the more loosely bounded spaces of lifelong learning. We argue that the current situation is both exciting and troubling for educators requiring a redefinition of roles and purposes in a context which is complex and contradictory.     

LIFELONG EDUCATION,LIFELONG NEEDS: FUTURE ROLES IN AN AGING SOCIETY

This article proceeds from the assumption that the aging of American society has consequences for the life roles of midlife and older persons. Seven points are developed in support of the assumption. They are as follows: dynamics and demographics of an aging population; education, a critical component of life in the future; a model of education for older adults; new roles for an aging society; literacy for older persons; older persons' activities in pursuit of lifelong education; and a view of the future that includes lifelong education for lifelong needs. The final section offers some speculations about what lifelong education will be like in 2010.     

A design model for lifelong learning networks

The provision of lifelong learning facilities is considered to be a major new direction for higher and distance teaching educational institutes catering for the demands of industry and society. ICT networks will in future support seamless, ubiquitous access to lifelong learning facilities at home, at work, in schools and universities. This implies the development of new ways of organizing learning delivery that goes beyond course and programme-centric models. It envisions a learner-centred, learner-controlled model of distributed lifelong learning. We present a conceptual model for the support of lifelong learning which is based on notions from self-organization theory, learning communities, agent technologies and learning technology specifications such as IMS Learning Design. An exploratory implementation has been developed and used in practice. We reflect on the findings and future directions.     

时间性问题的转向与艺术的诗性归途—从狄尔泰到海德格尔

狄尔泰认为生命是一个时间性和历财}生的存在,是在“过去”、“现在”和“未来”三位一体中的体验之流,过去的历史生命是通过现在的体验而走向将来,他更看重“过去”对生命的意义。与狄尔泰不同的是,海德格尔对时间性问题是在存在论的意义上来探讨的,他认为此在是通过将来的筹划所规定的,更看重的是“将来”对此在的意义,因此时间性问题在海德格尔这里发生了转向。尽管如此,他们都走向了艺术这条诗性的归途,都把艺术看成是生命和此在的澄明之境。     

人类增强视角下从“Human”到“Transhuman”的标志探析

“Transhumanism”是一种思考人类未来的运动,它假定了当前人类只是其发展过程中的较早阶段而非终点,并倡导使用理性,特别是使用以现代科学技术为基础的人类增强来改善人类的生物体,从而步入Transhuman甚至后人类(posthuman)社会。通过人类增强增加Human的属性使其成为Transhuman预示着从Human到Transhuman的一个标志:“基于现代科学技术的干预永久地增加了人类的某种内在属性,并且超出了人类物种在未接受任何增强干预下的最高水平”,而增强干预在增加一些人类属性的同时也在减少另一些属性则预示着从Human到Transhuman的另一标志:“基于现代科学技术的增强干预永久地减损甚至彻底摧毁了人类之生物性、生活的真实性、个体的同一性及其生命的意义和价值之中的任意一个”。这两个标志可独立使用,它们有助于推进Transhumanism的倡导者与反对者的公开对话。     

“四新”路向:新时代乡村治理的和谐之道

新时代乡村治理要转型升级,凸出乡村建设的质量水平,走全面和谐发展之路。乡村治理要以人为本,夯实乡村多元化教育服务供给,注重社会成员身心健康,通过文体卫活动的组织引导来树立文明和谐的“新乡人”;乡村治理要凝心聚力,充分激发全体乡村社会成员的智识,通过设立规范化管理队伍,培育同心同德创业致富的“新乡情”;乡村治理要立足当下,实现乡村传统文化转化与创新,形成乡村社会成员良好的文化认同,培育理性化民间组织来孕育与时俱进的“新乡风”;乡村治理要以经济建设为中心,发挥资源特色优势,开发协同化产业品牌,生成活力有效益的“新乡计”。     

Influence of Information Technologies on Kinesiology and Physical Education

The rapid advances made in information technologies over the past few years and the belief that technological change is neither additive nor subtractive to our state of affairs but that it generates total change, suggests that it is timely to consider the implications of these technologies for teaching, research, and professional activity. The task of trying to understand the future influence of information technologies is a challenging one because technology is shaped by an array of forces that includes tradition, politics, economic interests, history, philosophy, and competing technologies. The paper addresses the influence of technology under the following general topics: (a) Promise or peril? Two views on information technology; (b) The difficulty of accurately predicting the future role of information technology; (c) An overview of technological advances and some predictions; and (d) Aspects of special interest—virtual reality, Information Highway, thinking “better” with computers, and devaluation of the body.     

我国幼儿园教师教育研究学术史:70年回顾与展望

我国幼儿园教师专业发展观经历了理智取向、实践取向和精神取向的三次转变,由此带来了幼儿园教师职前教育课程从关注知能到关注实践再到关注精神的变革。随着幼儿园教师教育的深化发展,研究术语从“教师培训”改为“教师专业发展”,进而被“教师学习”所替代。这一转变凸显了幼儿园教师是自主的终身学习者,体现了幼儿园教师培训观从外铄论转向内发论,自主取向的幼儿园教师发展观得到了普遍认同。同时,这一转变还催生了个人和集体的教师文化之间的相互调适,营造合作共生、带有学习共同体特征的幼儿园教师文化生态成为共识。在方法论层面,哲学思辨范式、科学实证范式、人文诠释范式、社会批判范式等研究范式呈现出齐头并进、互取所长的横向格局,但在当前大数据和人工智能的时代背景下,同时也存在着过度推崇“基于证据”的实证研究的倾向。研究范式的多元化是幼儿园教师教育研究发展的内在要求,基于“复杂性思想”,从多元整合的视角开展研究应是未来幼儿园教师教育研究发展的重要趋势。     

Lifelong learning policies and discourses: critical reflections from Aotearoa,New Zealand

This article examines New Zealand experiences and understandings of lifelong education and lifelong learning over the past 30 years or so. It investigates the place of lifelong education and lifelong learning discourses in shaping public policy in Aotearoa as well as questions about the similarities and differences between the discourse in New Zealand and in Europe and the UK. The aim of the paper is to throw light on the following questions: what effects, if any, have notions of lifelong education or lifelong learning had on public policy discourses on tertiary education and the education of adults? Is there evidence to suggest that notions of either ‘lifelong education’ or ‘lifelong learning’ have provided a vision or sense of purpose or set of guidelines in developing public policies? Have they served to justify or legitimate new initiatives or funding arrangements? And, if so, what is the nature of this influence? Finally, in the light of this discussion the article also examines the question whether notions of ‘lifelong education’ and ‘lifelong learning’ as they have featured in the academic and policy literature are predominantly located in a Euro‐centred discourse and hence how they might be reconstituted to reflect more adequately discourses of learning and education in other parts of the world.     

21世纪有效学习者关键技能培养 ——英国开放大学创新教学系列报告启示

新时代,社会对人才的关注点逐渐转向获取终身技能、培养有效学习者。英国开放大学系列《创新教学报告》着重对有效学习者关键技能培养做出说明。运用分析法,从主体、社交、技术、问题、学习/创新等方面对有效学习者培养进行梳理解读,分析创新教学法对有效学习者关键技能培养途径在于:课程设置、学习方式、管理机制、教学评价四个方面,并分析《创新教学报告》对我国未来教育变革的启示,以期推动我国教育教学,促进有效学习者培养,提升关键技能。     

数字时代新读写素养研究的5P模型

在数字化时代,新的环境、新的技术、新的用途等因素,使得传统的读写活动在网络教育、信息技术、语言教育、科学教育等领域里呈现出新的特点,因此,读写素养（Literacy）的内涵不断丰富和发展,并被学术界称之为“新读写素养”。而且,随着承载阅读和书写的外部环境不断更新和变化,“新”的含义得以继续扩展,并在与读写素养相关的实践中,呈现出种类繁多的术语和解读方式。如果从科学研究的本体论角度出发,探索新读写素养的最基本要素,以Platform （平台）、Participant （参与者）、Potential （潜力）、 Position （立场）和Praxis （反思实践）五个维度为基础,建构并研究新读写素养基本内涵的理论模型,将有助于促进不同学科之间关于读写素养的深层次对话。     

中古娱乐审美观新变下的谐谑小说创作

以往的学者多认为中国古代社会是以封闭性和宗法性为特征的农业文明社会,这两种特征使得中国喜剧精神先天不足。从中古谐谑小说的独立盛行来看,"谐谑"一体能够蓬勃兴旺地发展起来,与人们娱乐的天性和追求快乐的现实生活需要是密不可分的。从人类早期游戏或娱乐生活中诞生的娱乐意识虽然某种程度上受到了汉代儒家正统话语的制约和规范,但至魏晋,随着人们娱乐天性的醒觉和文学意识的自觉独立,谐谑小说异军突起,小说就是在变古开新的新兴娱乐审美观的关照下,重新调节、变异,发生成为一种自觉的新兴文体。     

机构改革重在“精官简政”

我国新的一轮机构改革正在进行 ,过去庙多、官多、政繁 ,弊端丛生。二十多年来 ,几次机构改革都未走出“精简———膨胀———再精简———再膨胀……”的怪圈。新的一轮机构必须把重点放在“精官简政”     

人工智能时代教学以何存在

历次工业革命推动了课堂教学理论和实践的变革与超越,第四次工业革命人工智能技术如同历史上历次工业革命一样,必然成为课堂教学变革的重要推力。概率分析是人工智能计算思维的运行特性,互动交流是课堂教学生命灵性的实践特性,二者“相向”的特性决定了技术能够推动课堂教学的变革,但改变不了课堂教学的本质。人工智能时代,课堂教学需要坚守三个向度,即课堂教学目标具有多维复杂性、课堂教学本质具有生命互动性、课堂教学过程具有“不确定性”。未来可期,人工智能时代课堂教学需要在“教”与“学”之间的生命逻辑、“教”与“不教”之间的价值逻辑、“学”与“非学”之间的时间逻辑等三重逻辑框架下寻找存在的方式。     

The science-technology-society movement in science education: A critique of the reform process

Changes in society and in science and technology have forced a rethinking of what is “basic” in science education. A perceived disjuncture between school science and the realities of a scientifically and technologically oriented society has resulted in proposals for new directions in science teaching. It appears that science education is about to undergo another paradigm shift. One particularly visible movement, the “Science-Technology-Society” (STS) movement, exemplifies how such directional shifts tend to occur within the field of science education. This article critically examines the program and professional development process that has characterized past and current science curriculum reform effort in an attempt to illustrate fundamental educational reform problems. The need for new directions in science education is uncontested here. The issue is the problematic nature of the reform process itself. The article contends that new methods of reform must be researched— methods that directly involve practitioners in critical reflection, participatory research, and science curriculum development.     

Training Older Workers: Implications for HRD/HPT Professionals

In corporations across America, a race is on to find new ways to maximize human capital. An emphasis on lifelong learning will be vital for the success of our future workforce. As demographic shifts occur, the “older worker” will emerge as a primary target for this human development effort. This article explores the implications of this demographic shift for the human resource development and human performance technology (HRD/HPT) professional and recommends strategies for meeting this business need. First, we discuss the realities of this demographic shift and compare our current workforce demographics to those of the future. Next, we examine the common myths about the “older worker,” as well as what current research reports about this special population. Finally, we examine the impact of this trend on our profession. We discuss strategies for modifying the workplace environment, reassessing workforce motivational strategies, and altering training practices in order to serve this older worker population. In conclusion, we look at the implications for the future in HRD/HPT research.     

大数据背景下学校德育的反思与优化

信息技术高速发展,“大数据”、“云计算”等先进的科技手段不仅影响着社会生活的方方面面,也深刻地改变甚至引领着学校教育的改革。大数据已经应用于网络课程、终身教育等方面。学校德育应该抓住大数据快速发展的契机,合理利用大数据,实现个性化的道德教育,促使德育评价多元化,不断提高学校德育的实效性发展。