FIFA11+练习对高校足球运动员膝、踝关节感觉和动态平衡能力的影响

目的探讨12周FIFA11+练习对大学生足球运动员膝、踝关节运动感觉和动态平衡能力的影响。方法将30名高校男子足球运动员随机分成FIFA11+干预组(n=15)和对照组(n=15)。FIFA11+干预组均安排在训练前热身阶段,对照组则以常规热身活动练习;干预周期为12周,每周2次FIFA11+练习,时间预计20min。干预前后收集受试对象左右膝踝关节运动感觉阈值和动态平衡能力的有效数据。结果干预前后,对照组左右膝、踝关节运动感觉阈值和动态平衡各指标均无显著性差异(p>0.05)。经过12周FIFA11+干预后,干预组的左膝伸和右膝屈运动感觉阈值及Rot.speed、Max Rot.Speed和Grade动态平衡能力指标值与对照组比较具有显著性差异(p<0.05);干预组左踝外展和右踝外展与对照组相比均产生非常显著性差异(p<0.01)。结论 12周FIFA11+练习能有效降低足球运动员膝、踝关节运动感觉阈值,以及提高受试对象动态平衡能力,从而使受试对象对运动动作行为作出更加准确的判断,降低足球运动损伤及有效提前预防运动损伤发生。     

太极运动对健康老年人群运动功能影响的META分析

目的：系统评价太极运动对健康老年人运动表现、平衡、肌力等运动功能的影响。方法：检索国内外医学数据库文献,收集相关的随机对照实验(RCTs),按照改良Jadad方法评价纳入研究的质量,采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入20篇临床实验,共4 455例老年人。结果：太极运动组在起立行走测试(TUG)(MD=2.62,95%CI[-4.00,1.24],P＜0.000 01)、5次“坐-站”试验(5tSS)(MD=-1.74,95%CI[-2.77,-0.70],P=0.001)、30 s坐站测试(30 sCST)(MD=4.02,95%CI[-0.20,8.24],P=0.06)、Berg平衡量表评分(BBS)(MD=1.41,95%CI[-0.06,2.87],P=0.06)、功能性前伸试验(FRT)(MD=2.16,95%CI[0.94,3.38],P=0.000 5)、闭眼单腿站立时间(MD=3.18,95%CI[0.70,5.67],P=0.01)、睁眼单腿站立时间(MD=10.08,95%CI[4.62,-15.55],P=0.000 3)等指标结果均优于对照组;太级干预组相比对照组在提高手握力(SMD=0.46,95%CI[0.00,0.93],P=0.05)、提升髋关节屈曲肌力(SMD=0.58,95%CI[0.25,0.92],P=0.000 7)、增强膝关节伸展肌力(SMD=0.55,95%CI[0.25,0.85],P=0.000 3)、提升踝关节背屈肌力(SMD=0.64,95%CI[0.16,1.13],P=0.009)等指标上可能具有优势效应。结论：现阶段的临床证据表明,太极运动能有效提高健康老年人的运功表现、平衡能力和肌力等相关运动功能。受纳入研究数量和质量限制,上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证。     

FIFA11+热身练习对女子甲级足球运动员灵敏和下肢爆发力的急性影响

FIFA11+热身练习被证明可以有效降低足球运动员运动损伤的发生率,但是其对高水平女子足球运动员竞技表现的效果还需要进一步研究。本研究旨在探究FIFA11+热身练习对女子甲级足球运动员灵敏和下肢爆发力的急性影响。21名我国女子甲级联赛某球队足球运动员自愿参加本次研究。受试者随机先后进行FIFA11+热身练习(初级)和常规热身。热身前、热身后即刻和热身后15 min,受试者进行反应灵敏、反向纵跳和505灵敏测试。FIFA11+热身练习后即刻受试者反应灵敏和反向纵跳显著提升,505灵敏测试成绩无显著变化,但FIFA11+热身和常规热身间无显著差异(P>0.05)。热身后即刻与热身15 min后的急性影响类似,且FIFA11+热身练习和常规热身间无显著差异(P>0.05)。FIFA11+热身练习的平均心率和主观疲劳度显著高于常规热身。FIFA11+热身练习可以提高女子甲级足球运动员反应灵敏和下肢爆发力的急性表现,且这些急性效果可以持续至少15 min。然而,FIFA11+热身练习的这些急性效果似乎并不优于常规热身练习,且还可能会造成更高的生理和主观负荷。     

大众跑者跑步相关损伤危险因素的前瞻性研究

目的：通过前瞻性研究调查大众跑者跑步相关损伤（RRI）的危险因素,为RRI的预防和治疗提供理论依据。方法：采集95名健康大众跑者的生理和跑步训练等基本信息、人体测量学因素、身体能力因素和跑步生物力学因素,随后进行4个月的跟踪随访,依据观察期内的损伤情况将受试者分为损伤组和健康组。通过卡方检验或独立样本t检验确认两组间基线指标的差异,将有统计学意义（P＜0.05）的变量纳入Logistic回归模型进行分析。结果：36名跑者在观察期内报告了46例RRI,损伤发生率为38%,其中膝关节损伤最为常见（26.7%）;与健康组相比,损伤组存在较小的静态Q角（健康组7.42°±6.90°,损伤组11.03°±10.17°,P=0.042）、跑步着地时刻躯干前倾角（健康组94.24°±4.52°,损伤组91.89°±4.55°,P=0.016）和小腿地面夹角（健康组100.94°±3.44°,损伤组99.41°±3.33°,P=0.037）,以及更大的跑步离地时刻小腿地面夹角（健康组53.23°±3.19°,损伤组54.70°±3.09°,P=0.031）;Logistic回归分析显示跑步着地时刻小腿地面夹角减小（OR=0.853,P=0.039）和离地时刻小腿地面夹角增大（OR=1.222,P=0.014）可能增加RRI的损伤发生风险。结论：①在大众跑者中,RRI发生率较高,损伤部位以下肢膝、踝关节和足部为主。跑步着地时刻和离地时刻小腿更加垂直于地面可能是导致大众跑者RRI损伤风险增加的潜在因素;②静态Q角和跑步着地时刻躯干前倾角度在损伤组和健康组之间存在差异,但未发现其与损伤风险之间的关系,因此可能不是导致大众跑者RRI风险增加的潜在因素。     

低氧暴露与减控体重效果的元分析

目的：评价低氧暴露对减控体重的影响效果,提供最优的减控体重方案。方法：在数据库中检索建库至2023年10月的所有文献,使用偏倚风险评估工具评价纳入文献质量。使用Stata14.0进行异质性检验、效应量合并、敏感性分析以及发表偏倚检验。结果：共纳入49篇RCT文献,1 392名被试者;相对于常氧暴露,低氧暴露对减轻体重（SMD=-0.18,95%CI[-0.29,-0.07],P＜0.01）、降低体脂肪（SMD=-0.23,95%CI[-0.35,-0.18],P＜0.01）的优势明显。相对于常氧暴露,低氧暴露对去脂体重（SMD=-0.05,95%CI[-0.22,0.13],P＞0.05）、肌肉质量（SMD=0.01,95%CI[-0.20,0.21],P＞0.05）、身体水分（SMD=-0.12,95%CI[-0.48,0.23],P＞0.05）的改善无明显效果。调节变量结果：低氧暴露对成年群体的体重减轻（SMD=-0.21,95%CI[-0.35,-0.08],P＜0.01）、体脂肪降低（SMD=-0.28,95%CI[-0.42,-0.13],P＜0.01）具有显著效果。低氧暴露对男性和女性的体重减轻、体脂肪降低均具有显著效果。低氧环境下,不控制饮食对体重减轻（SMD=-0.23,95%CI[-0.37,-0.09],P＜0.01）、体脂肪降低（SMD=-0.33,95%CI[-0.49,-0.18],P＜0.01）的效果明显;控制饮食和未控制饮食对去脂体重、肌肉质量、身体水分的影响无明显差异（P＞0.05）。低氧环境下,与消极暴露相比,积极暴露时体重减轻（SMD=-0.19,95%CI [-0.31,-0.07],P＜0.01）、体脂肪降低（SMD=-0.26,95%CI[-0.38,-0.14],P＜0.01）的效果明显;消极暴露和积极暴露对去脂体重、肌肉质量、身体水分的影响无明显差异（P＞0.05）。结论：与常氧暴露相比,低氧暴露对减体重和降体脂具有明显优势;低氧暴露对成年男性和成年女性的体重具有明显改善效果,也有效改善成年男性的体脂率;低氧暴露期间,暴露方式和饮食干预影响减控体重的效果,积极低氧暴露、自由饮食对体重和体脂肪的改善效果明显。     

“FIFA 11健康”足球课程干预对9～12岁儿童体适能的影响

目的 基于国际足球联合会开发的“FIFA 11健康”足球课程（以下简称“足球课程”）,对上海市9～12岁儿童进行干预,分析其对儿童体适能的影响。方法 将174名四～五年级儿童随机分成对照组[CG:n=86,年龄（10.1±0.7）岁,身高（143.5±6.6）cm,体质量（37.1±9.6）kg]和干预组[IG:n=88,年龄（10.2±0.7）岁,身高（143.3±6.1）cm,体质量（36.9±7.2）kg]。IG接受为期11周、每周2次、每次40 min的足球课程干预,课程内容包括足球技能、健康卫生知识和小场地比赛等;CG保持原有常规体育活动。在干预前后评估2组受试者的身体成分、坐位体前屈、闭眼单脚站立、原地纵跳、30 m冲刺跑、T型折返跑以及Yo-Yo儿童间歇恢复1级测试（YYIR1C）成绩。结果 经过11周足球课程干预,与CG相比,IG的体脂率[（-0.4±4.2）%vs.（-1.8±4.3）%]、T型折返跑用时[（0.2±1.0）s vs.（-0.5±1.3）s]显著减少（P<0.05）;瘦体质量[（-0.2±4.0）kg vs.(1.0±0.8)kg]、原地纵跳距离...     

小学3~6年级学生基本运动技能与感知运动能力、身体活动水平的关系

目的：探讨小学3~6年级学生基本运动技能与感知运动能力、身体活动水平的关系。方法：采用大肌肉动作发展测评工具（TGMD-3）、感知运动能力分量表、儿童青少年身体活动水平问卷对小学3~6年级437名学生的基本运动技能、身体活动水平、感知运动能力进行调查;运用SPSS22.0和Mplus8.3软件进行数据分析,并用Bootstrap法分析变量之间的预测关系及中介效应。结果：男生的操控性技能、感知运动能力和身体活动水平高于女生（P＜0.01）;小学3~6年级学生基本运动技能、感知运动能力与身体活动水平呈低至中等正相关（r=0.103~0.477,P＜0.05）;小学3~6年级学生基本运动技能预测感知运动能力（β=0.222,P＜0.001）,感知运动能力预测身体活动水平（β=0.569,P＜0.001）,感知运动能力在基本运动技能与身体活动水平之间起部分中介作用。结论：小学阶段重视学生基本运动技能和感知运动能力的发展,有助于提高其身体活动水平。     

FIFA 11+综合热身练习在足球运动中的应用——系统综述

目的:通过系统的文献检索与分析,总结介绍国际足球联合会医学评估与研究中心(FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre,F-MARC)所制定和推广的FIFA 11+综合热身练习在足球运动员中的应用及效果。方法:依据预先制定的文献检索、筛选、录入、评价方法,进行相关文献的检索和筛选。检索方法:1)2014年4月~5月,在PubMed、EBSCO(Medline和CINAHL)、PEDro等外文数据库和中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库(WANFANG DATA)等中文数据库以关键词检索方式检索FIFA 11+在足球运动员中的应用研究文献;2)下载F-MARC网站所列举的有关FIFA 11+的应用研究文献;3)对相关文章的参考文献目录进行阅读和手检。筛选和录入标准:1)FIFA 11+在足球运动员中的前瞻性干预研究文章;2)已在学术期刊出版的全文或摘要;3)只录入英文或中文文章。评价方法:使用牛津大学循证医学中心临床报告证据等级评价表对录入文献进行评价。结果:经过检索和筛选,从PubMed、EBSCO(Medline和CINAHL)、PEDro等外文数据库共录入14篇英文文章,从FMARC官网数据库录入2篇英文文章,手动检索录入4篇英文文章,共计20篇英文文献被录入进行最后的分析、评价和总结,未纳入任何中文文献。结论:1)FIFA 11+综合热身练习可有效预防青少年男女足球运动员的运动损伤,降低损伤风险;2)FIFA 11+可作为足球运动员的专项热身练习;3)FIFA 11+可改善足球运动员的某些身体素质和运动能力。     

国家残疾人高山滑雪站姿运动员备战期生理生化机能监控与评价研究

目的：对国家残疾人高山滑雪站姿组运动员在备战2022年北京冬残奥会期间进行身体机能监控与评价,分析运动员身体机能状态。方法：在2019—2020年训练备战期间,对残疾人高山滑雪国家队站姿组运动员进行了5次血液测试以及6次尿液测试,对运动员红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、白细胞(WBC)、肌酸激酶(CK)、血睾酮(T)、皮质醇(C)、血睾酮与皮质醇比值(T/C)、尿十项、最大摄氧量(VO_2max)等生理生化指标进行监控并分析 。结果：运动员RBC、Hb、CK浓度组间不存在差异(P＞0.05)。男性运动员T浓度在组间存在差异(P＜0.05),第3次T浓度显著低于其余4次(P＜0.05);运动员C浓度以及男、女T/C均存在组间差异(P＜0.05),运动员第4次C浓度显著低于其余4次(P＜0.05);男性运动员第4次T/C显著高于其他4次(P＜0.05);女性运动员第4次T/C显著高于第1、第3、第5次(P＜0.05)。尿十项检测中,所有运动员第5次尿蛋白(PRO)呈阳性,第6次测试中有个别运动员尿胆红素(BIL)、尿胆原(URO)呈阳性。 运动员VO_2max水平正常,个体间差异较大。结论：国家残疾人高山滑雪站姿组运动员在备战期氧运输功能良好,有氧耐力功能良好;血清T、C以及T/C等指标在训练的不同阶段出现适应性变化,随着训练的进行,运动员的机能状态出现上升的现象。     

优秀青少年运动员有氧运动能力项群特点

目的：通过分析上海地区不同项群优秀青少年有氧能力,寻找不同项群有氧能力特点。方法：选择上海市2003—2014年一线、二线运动员测试数据库,从中筛选88名16岁以上男性,年龄为（17.5±1.2）岁,103名15岁以上女性,年龄为（16.4±1.1）岁,均为国家二级以上运动员,对其最大摄氧量绝对值和相对值进行统计分析,使用单因素方差分析以及Z分值等方法比较不同性别各项群间有氧运动能力特点。结果：耐力项群最大摄氧量绝对值显著高于隔网对抗（P＜0.05）与格斗对抗（P＜0.01）。男性各项群间最大摄氧量相对值无显著差异;女性耐力项群最大摄氧量相对值显著高于同场对抗（P＜0.01）、隔网对抗（P＜0.01）与格斗对抗（P＜0.01）;女性同场对抗项群最大摄氧量相对值显著高于格斗对抗（P＜0.05）。结论：耐力项群最大摄氧量绝对值高于其他项群;体能主导类项群最大摄氧量相对值高于技能主导类项群;同场对抗项群最大摄氧量绝对值优于相对值,其余项群最大摄氧量相对值和绝对值同步。为科学训练提供有力数据支持,教练员可以结合项群有氧运动能力特点,判断运动员的有氧工作能力水平,从而针对性地制定训练计划,提高整体竞技水平。     

The FIFA 11 programme reduces the costs associated with ankle and hamstring injuries in amateur Spanish football players: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the “Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 11” injury prevention programme for ankle and hamstring injuries. This retrospective cohort study included eighty-four male amateur football players aged 18–40 years. The exposed group performed the FIFA 11 protocol twice a week throughout the 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 seasons; the unexposed group performed the usual training during the 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 seasons. Lateral ankle ligament and hamstring injuries were recorded over the whole study period. We compared the mean costs associated with lateral ankle ligament and hamstring injuries in the two groups. The mean cost per player and lateral ankle injury was EUR 928 in the unexposed group versus EUR 647 in the exposed group (p?=?0.19). The mean cost of hamstring injury per player was EUR 1271 in the unexposed group versus EUR 742 in the exposed group (p?=?0.028). The mean total cost per player was EUR 2199 in the unexposed group versus EUR 1273 in the exposed group (p?=?0.008). We concluded that the use of the FIFA 11 injury prevention programme reduced both the direct and indirect costs associated with lateral ankle ligament and hamstring injuries.     

Injury prevention in male veteran football players – a randomised controlled trial using “FIFA 11+”

The warm-up programme “FIFA 11+” has been shown to reduce football injuries in different populations, but so far veteran players have not been investigated. Due to differences in age, skill level and gender, a simple transfer of these results to veteran football is not recommended. The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of the “FIFA 11+” in veteran football players.

Twenty veteran football teams were recruited for a prospective 9-month (1 season) cluster-randomised trial. The intervention group (INT, n = 146; 45 ± 8 years) performed the “FIFA 11+” at the beginning of each training session, while the control group (CON, n = 119; 43 ± 6 years) followed its regular training routine. Player exposure hours and injuries were recorded according to an international consensus statement.

No significant difference was found between INT and CON in overall injury incidence (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 0.91 [0.64–1.48]; P = 0.89). Only severe injuries reached statistical significance with higher incidence in CON (IRR: 0.46 [0.21–0.97], P = 0.04).

Regular conduction (i.e. once a week) of the “FIFA 11+” did not prevent injuries in veteran footballers under real training and competition circumstances. The lack of preventive effects is likely due to the too low overall frequency of training sessions.     

Lacrosse-related injuries in boys and girls treated in U.S. emergency departments, 2000–2016

BackgroundLacrosse is one of the fastest-growing sports in the United States. Its rules regarding permitted contact differ by sex and age. There are no known studies using a nationally representative data set to analyze lacrosse injury patterns over several years by sex and age in the youth population.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for youth aged 11–18 years who were treated for lacrosse-related injuries in U.S. emergency departments from 2000 to 2016. Based on our review of the case narratives, we created and coded a new injury-mechanism variable. We generated national estimates from 6406 cases.ResultsAn estimated 206,274 lacrosse-related injuries to youths aged 11–18 years were treated in U.S. emergency departments from 2000 to 2016. The rate of injuries per 10,000 significantly increased from 1.9 in 2000 to a peak of 5.3 in 2012 (p < 0.0001), followed by a significant decrease to 3.4 in 2016 (p = 0.020). Injury mechanism, body part injured, and diagnosis differed by sex. Boys were 1.62 times (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.25–2.09) more likely than girls to be injured by player-to-player contact. Girls were 2.21 times (95%CI: 1.96–2.49) more likely than boys to have non-contact injuries. Overall, as age increased, the percentage of injuries from lacrosse sticks decreased and player-to-player contact increased.ConclusionDespite additional protective regulations in the sport, lacrosse is an important source of injury where we continue to see differences by sex and age. This study supports the continuation, modification, and addition of rules aimed at reducing lacrosse injury risk.     

Incidence of injuries in professional snow sports: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose:The study aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of injury incidence in professional skiers and snowboarders.Methods:We systematically searched PubMed,Web of Science,and MEDLINE for studies on injury incidence published from inception to April 2020.Injury data were extracted,alongside information on injury location,severity,type,cause,and sport discipline.Incidence of injuries was presented per 1000 athlete-days,with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs).Results:The search identified 462 articles,and 22 were included in our review.The overall incidence of injuries among professional skiers and snowboarders was 3.49 per 1000 athlete-days(95%CI:2.97-4.01).Lower extremity had the highest injury incidence(1.54 per 1000 athletedays,95%CI:1.24-1.84).Incidence rates of slight,mild,moderate,and severe injuries were 0.26,0.31,0.57,and 0.59 per 1000 athlete-days,respectively.Contusion had the highest incidence rate(1.82 per 1000 athlete-days,95%CI:1.01-2.63).The most common cause of injury was contact trauma(3.20 per 1000 athlete-days,95%CI:1.32-5.08).Freestyle skiing had the highest incidence rate(6.83 per 1000 athlete-days,95%CI:4.00-9.66),and Nordic skiing had the lowest rate(2.70 per 1000 athlete-days,95%CI:1.94-3.46).Conclusion:Professional skiers and snowboarders have a substantial risk of sustaining injuries.Our findings can be used to inform the planning and provision of healthcare for elite participants in different snow sports.     

Skill qualities as risk factors for contact injury in professional rugby league players

Abstract We investigated the relationship between skill qualities and contact injury risk in professional rugby league players. Sixty-six professional rugby league players aged 23?±?4 years (mean?±?s) participated in this three-year prospective study. Players underwent assessments of tackling proficiency, dual-task draw-and-pass proficiency, reactive agility, pattern recall, and pattern prediction. The frailty model was applied to calculate the adjusted risk ratios of injury. When the players' age and playing position were adjusted in the frailty model, the risk ratios showed that reactive agility was a predictor for the risk of injury. Players with reactive agility decision times of >80?ms had a lower incidence (relative risk?=?0.68, 95% CI 0.47-0.98, P?=?0.04) of injuries than players with reactive agility decision times of ≤80 ms. Although there was no relationship between injury and the majority of skill qualities (P?=?0.47-0.93), players with poor reactive agility performances (specifically longer decision times) had a lower risk of injury, suggesting that poor perceptual skill is protective against contact injuries in professional rugby league players. These players might inadvertently avoid the heavy collisions that result in injury, or at best result in partial contact that does not result in exposure to the full force of a tackle.     

Long-term effects of the 11+ warm-up injury prevention programme on physical performance in adolescent male football players: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

This study examined the long-term effects of the 11+ on physical performance in adolescent male football (soccer) players. Eighty-two 14- to 16-year-old male football players (11+ = 42 players, control = 40 players) participated. Teams were randomised to control (CON) and intervention (INT) groups. INT applied the 11+ injury prevention programme for 30 weeks at least twice a week as a warm-up. CON performed their standard warm-up. Motor performance tests were conducted 1 week prior and 1 week after the competition season. We used magnitude-based inferences and linear mixed-effects models to analyse performance test results. INT showed superior results compared to CON in the vertical jump height 7.5% (95%-CI 4.4%, 10.7%), the Bosco 15-s-jump test 7.2% (95%-CI 2.2%, 12.4%), and the Illinois agility test ?2.6% (95%-CI ?4.1%, ?1.1%). Possibly beneficial effects in favour of INT were found in the 9.1 m sprint test ?3.1% (95%-CI ?6.1%, 0.1%). Possibly harmful effects (i.e. in favour of CON) were observed in the dribbling test 2.8% (95%-CI ?0.8%, 6.4%). The 11+ warm-up programme can improve different performance measures in football players. Coaches might implement additional dribbling drills next to the 11+ to achieve improvements observed in dribbling ability when using a regular warm-up programme.     

Relationship between leg stiffness and lower body injuries in professional Australian football

Leg stiffness is a modifiable mechanical property that may be related to soft tissue injury risk. The purpose of this study was to examine mean leg stiffness and bilateral differences in leg stiffness across an entire professional Australian Football League (AFL) season, and determine whether this parameter was related to the incidence of lower body soft tissue injury. The stiffness of the left and right legs of 39 professional AFL players (age 24.4 ± 4.4 years, body mass 87.4 ± 8.1 kg, stature 1.87 ± 0.07 m) was measured using a unilateral hopping test at least once per month throughout the season. Injury data were obtained directly from the head medical officer at the football club. Mean leg stiffness and bilateral differences in leg stiffness were compared between the injured and non-injured players. There was no difference between the season mean leg stiffness values for the injured (219.3 ± 16.1 N x m(-1) x kg(-1)) and non-injured (217.4 ± 14.9 N x m(-1) x kg(-1); P = 0.721) groups. The injured group (7.5 ± 3.0%) recorded a significantly higher season mean bilateral difference in leg stiffness than the non-injured group (5.5 ± 1.3%; P = 0.05). A relatively high bilateral difference in leg stiffness appears to be related to the incidence of soft tissue injury in Australian football players. This information is of particular importance to medical and conditioning staff across a variety of sports.     

运动相关颅脑创伤流行病学调查

目的：研究我国华东地区运动相关颅脑创伤的流行病学特征,了解运动相关颅脑创伤的伤情特点,为预防与治疗提供科学依据。方法：从“20（14年华东六省一市颅脑创伤住院患者”数据库中整群抽取运动伤患者．用SPSS13．0统计软件包分析。结果：689例运动相关颅脑创伤患者中男女之比为5．06：1。平均年龄（21．49±7．98）岁.21～30岁年龄组所占比例最大,为45．0％。颅脑创伤多发生于足球、拳击等对抗性运动,其中足球所占比例最大,为16．0％。689例患者大多数为轻型颅脑创伤（GCS13分～15分）,占81．6％。脑震荡是最常见的损伤类型,占299例。患者最常见合并有颌面部损伤。所有住院病人中无死亡病例,植物生存占5．2％,重度残疾占3．9％,中度残疾占10．9％,恢复良好占80．0％。spearman等级相关分析显示,患者的出院GOS评分与入院GCS评分和运动类型显著相关（P〈0．001）;而年龄与GOS无显著相关性。结论在我国华东地区,运动相关颅脑创伤高发于参与对抗性运动的中青年男性,脑震荡是最常见的损伤类型,患者多伴有颌面部损伤。我国相关机构应针对运动相关颅脑创伤的发病特点,制定有针对性的预防措施,以降低其发生率。     

Incidence and characteristics of injury in under-19 academy level rugby league match play: A single season prospective cohort study

Academy rugby league competition is an important step along the pathway to professional status, but little is known about injury at this level of the game. The aim of this research was to establish the nature, incidence and burden of injury in English academy rugby league. Using an observational prospective cohort study design, and a time-loss injury definition, the injury outcomes of three professional rugby league academies were recorded during the 2017 season. A total of 87 injuries occurred in 59 matches for an overall injury incidence of 85 (95%CI 67–103) injuries per 1000 hours played. The mean severity of injury was 22 ± 19 days resulting in an overall injury burden of 1898 (95%CI 1813–1983) days lost per 1000 hours. The tackle event was the most common cause of injury (77% of all injuries). Forwards sustained a greater proportion of injuries than backs (forwards 67% vs. backs 33% of injuries). Concussion (13 (6–20) per 1000 hours) and ankle sprains (11 (4–17) per 1000 hours) were the most commonly diagnosed injuries. The shoulder joint was the most commonly injured site (17 (9–25) per 1000 hours). The incidence of injury for academy rugby league is similar to senior professional rugby league.