知识经济条件下我国企业文化建设探讨

知识经济是以知识为基础的经济，它以信息经济和网络经济为技术基础和发展平台，对我国企业经营乃至国家的宏观经济，政治，社会，文化等产生越来越重要的影响。在当前知识经济条件下，企业如何建设自身的组织文化，将对未来企业的经营与发展产生巨大影响。     

专利态势变化下的专利商业模式创新

传统的专利理论已经无法描摹现阶段经济社会中专利态势的变化。为了揭示现代技术条件下专利态势和专利商业模式的变化,本文通过对专利态势的对比分析和专利理论的发展分析发现:专利申请和授权激增、专利丛林问题显现、专利组合和技术集成成为各个行业专利态势的主要情形,由此引发了专利商业模式的创新和变化。专利联盟涌现并成为重要的企业战略,专利诉讼由权利人自我保护的手段演变为一种专业的营利模式,专利经营公司开始出现并呈现出极强的生命力,给中国的技术创新主体进行专利经营提供了一定的理论基础和实践指导。     

专利信息分析工作探讨

本文阐述了专利信息分析工作在专利战略中的基础地位和作用，从而进一步分析了专利信息工作的特点，明确了专利信息分析工作的目的和任务，以及我国专利信息分析工作的现状与对策。     

试论基础专利——以汤斯和肖洛的激光专利为例

 为归纳和解释基础专利的概念,选择汤斯和肖洛的激光技术专利作为研究对象,展示了基础专利的特征和作用。针对这项激光基础专利的产生和发展历程,提出基础专利的获取渠道。结合我国的具体实际,指出我国在自主创新和建设创新型国家过程中获取基础专利的必要性和紧迫性。     

我国专利专题数据库建设现状分析及发展建议

[目的/意义]旨在为专利专题数据库的后续发展提出可行性建议。[方法/过程]分析了我国行业/产业专利专题数据库的区域分布和产业分布现况、数据库内容和功能,以及我国企业专利专题数据库的资金来源和建设方式,提出我国专利专题数据库建设存在的问题以及针对性的建议。[结果/结论]整合现有资源打造面向全社会开放共享的专利专题数据库平台;以管理机构、用户及信息服务机构三方协作形成更优化的建设管理体系;强化专利信息深加工提升数据库建设质量,是促进我国专利专题数据库发展的方向。     

浅谈我国专利信息服务的发展形势与任务

正我国经济已从高速增长进入中高速增长的新常态,创新驱动、转型升级任务艰巨。专利信息在经济发展中具有"促进技术转让与投资、推动研发创新、催生新产业与商机、积聚并交易专利资产"四大作用1。专利信息服务,贯穿创新活动全过程,对于提升创新效益和产业竞争力具有重要作用。本文分析了我国专利信息服务的发展时局和任务。一、我国专利信息服务的发展环境伴随着深化改革和创新型国家建设的进程,我国对专利信息服务的重视和应用,也在改革中发展,在创新中提高。     

我国创业板市场能够识别创新质量吗?

以创业板市场上市公司为研究对象,以不同类型专利授权量衡量创新质量,在分析企业经营绩效与创新质量关系的基础上,进一步研究了创业板市场能否有效识别创新质量。经验研究发现:(1)不同类型专利对企业经营绩效均存在正向影响,但创新质量最高的发明专利影响最为显著,实用新型专利影响的显著性较低,而外观专利对企业经营绩效没有显著影响,说明创新质量能够反映企业经营绩效;(2)发明专利对企业市账比及托宾Q值均有显著的正向影响,而实用新型和外观专利没有显著影响,说明我国创业板市场能够在一定程度上识别企业创新质量,具体表现为市场能够有效识别发明专利包含的增量信息,但不能有效识别实用新型和外观专利包含的细微信息差异。     

国外专利信息加工与服务现状

一、发达国家(地区)专利信息加工与服务发展状况随着网络环境和信息技术的发展,世界各国的专利信息资源建设和服务都发生了质的变化为用户提供了便捷的专利信息服务环境。1.美国专利信息技术与产业化发展状况美国专利商标局(USPTO)在构建美国国家知识产权信息平台上面投入了巨大的资金。自1871年起,由美国专利商标局建立了美国专利商标储备图书馆项目PTDLP(Patent and Trademark Depository Library Program)开展对全国公众的专利信息服务。到目前为止已在美国全境50个州89个公共图书馆,州立图书馆或大学图书馆建立了     

基于数据挖掘的专利引文研究与知识发现

研究和评估我国基础研究与专利之间的知识转移机制具有重大意义，但目前国内外的研究方法都存在着种种缺陷和不足，使得此类研究的发展受到很大的限制。本文在系统总结国内外有关基础研究与发明专利之间知识转移机制研究经验的基础上，将数据挖掘的有关方法和模式移植到了专利引文分析，建立应用数据气氛对专利引文数据进行智能分析的创新方法体系，为定量测度基础研究与专利之间的知识转移机制提供了可能。     

国外专利信息服务体系建设经验与启示

专利在一国的研究、创新方面扮演极其重要的角色,与之相关的专利信息无疑是一笔重要的财富,对于各国科技和经济的发展均有着重要的利用价值。文章对国外专利信息服务体系的经验和特点进行了总结,并在此基础上就我国建设与完善专利信息服务体系方面提出了一些政策建议。     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

The Information Environment and Universal Service

This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.