宽带移动通信BPSK调频信号冲激响应增强算法

宽带移动通信信道处于微多径条件下由于带宽受限和多径传播导致的码间干扰使信号发生畸变,需要进行BPSK调制,增强冲激响应。在移动通信系统微多径条件下,提出一种宽带移动通信BPSK调频信号冲激响应增强算法,设计极大似然判决反馈均衡的宽带移动通信信号前馈调制算法,设计多径条件下宽带移动通信信道模型与最优接收机,得到多径条件下时延扩展与信道特性测量模型,在输入端周期性地发送超过信道脉冲响应长度的数据训练序列,基于极大似然准则进行BPSK调频信号调制,跟踪信道变化的能力,实现微多径条件下宽带移动通信的前馈调制。结果表明,算法能使波达方向角的相关峰值增强,调制特性更为稳健,输出信道冲激响应有较好的增益,增强带宽,提高了通信质量,展示了算法在移动通信信道改善方面的应用价值。     

多阵元天线系统BPSK码元优化聚焦通信

在蜂窝移动通信网络中,多阵元天线系统的BPSK调制码元分布优化问题决定了码间干扰抑制性能和信道优化。提出一种基于S变换和模拟退火算法的多阵元天线系统BPSK调制码元优化分布设计算法,建立多阵元天线系统的信道模型,并进行BPSK调制码元帧格式设计,采用S变换的高斯窗函数进行能量聚集,改变移动通信信道中的时变、空变及多径效应,提高了信道传输性能。仿真实验表明,采用该算法进行蜂窝移动通信网络的天线系统设计,能有效抑制干扰,优化天线阵列分布,提高接收阵元信道冲激响应增益,改善提高通信质量。     

水声跳频通信系统的设计与实现

本文以工程需求开展水声跳频通信的研究,针对复杂信道特点提出一套适合于多途环境下的水声跳频通信方法,并构建了通信系统。开发数字信号处理算法,在水池实验条件下,实现了跳频编码信号的解调,恢复出基带通信信息。     

大赫兹频段下的无线通信系统信道配准技术

在大赫兹频段下,混合MIMO移动无线通信系统受到强干扰,导致通信系统信道难以配准。传统方法采用自干扰盲辨识刚发实现对大赫兹频段下的无线通信系统信道配准,信道均衡性能不好。提出一种基于自适应滤波功率谱估计的大赫兹频段下的无线通信系统信道配准算法,首先构建大赫兹频段下的无线通信系统,采用传播损失的概念来描述信号的通信传输过程中的能量损失,各阵元中的多径信号实现了同时刻同相位叠加,将多径波的强度、传播时间以及发射信号带宽等的进行耦合,得到功率方法电路系统的耦合约束条件,实现了多径信号的时间压缩又获得了聚焦增益,通过滤波器进行干扰抑制,得到的空间谱瞬时值,通过傅里叶变换求得功率谱密度函数,实现信道配准。仿真结果表明,该算法具有较好的信道配准和均衡性能,提高了功率谱空间增益,改善大赫兹频段下的无线通信质量。     

数字通信中空间分集均衡技术仿真研究

在数字通信中，信道的多径传播和衰落特性常在接收端引起码间干扰（ISI）并降低信噪比，严重影响了通信质量。本文研究了空间分集与盲均衡相结合的空间分集均衡技术（SDE），提出了一种基于等增益合并和判决反馈盲均衡的空间分集均衡算法，以克服码间干扰并消除衰落对通信系统所带来的不利影响。通过计算机仿真对空间分集均衡算法和传统盲均衡算法的性能进行了对比，结果表明空间分集均衡技术优于传统的盲均衡技术，提高了数字通信性能。     

非线性网络通信系统的稳定性控制模型仿真

在进行无线通信数据射频调制过程中,因振荡数据的非线性特性产生谐波振荡,很难提高无线通信传输数据的调制解调能力。传统方法采用神经网络模糊控制的分布估计谐波平衡算法,非线性滚动预测控制品质上表现不佳,谐波平衡和稳定性控制效果不好。提出一种改进的基于神经网络谐波平衡的非线性通信系统的稳定性控制模型,构建非线性通信系统模型,提取通信系统中的信号和信道特征,进行信道模型设计,采用神经网络控制方法,实现控制算法改进。仿真结果表明,采用该算法能有效提高非线性通信系统的稳定性,降低误码率,克服旁瓣中的相干分量干扰,接收端的冲激响应自相关累加输出稳定性较好,克服因振荡数据的非线性特性产生谐波振荡导致的通信误差,改善通信质量。     

高速率大容量传输设备可靠性的机械设计方法

随着我国经济突飞猛进的发展,工业现代化也是如火如荼。通信系统中高速率大容量传输设备可靠性的机械设计方法是当前比较热门的研究课题。我国的通信系统中信道传输性能还存在严重的劣势,还存在着诸多有待解决的问题。在实用信道下,存在加性高斯白噪声,对直接序列扩频通信系统抑制码片内、外多径干扰的能力进行理论分析与计算机仿真。在高速率大容量传输设备信道较强的条件下,与提高扩频增益相比,增加扩频码的码长对于提高移动通信系统的抗多径衰落性能更加有效,但是扩频增益并非越高越好,需合理选取;证实扩频通信系统在多径瑞利衰落信道中传输时能有效地克服多径衰落。简要分析了可靠性设计,并深入的研究和探讨了设备的可靠性测试和实用结果。     

移动云计算中的时变通信信道估计算法

在移动云计算中,通过无线通信方式实现数据调度和传输,移动云计算通信信道具有时变特性,对其有效的信道均衡和相位估计是保证云计算质量的基础。传统的时变通信信道估计算法采用多模盲均衡算法,出现码间干扰和相位失衡。提出一种基于二次调频双稳态检测的移动云计算中的时变通信信道估计算法。首先进行移动云计算的通信信道模型构建,基于协议信道邻居构建的通信功率增益模型,进行信道划分协议设计,设计二次调频双稳态检测算法,采用同步算法减少系统子载波间的正交性抑制,得到移动云计算通信系统信道均衡系统,检测移动云计算信道的时变特征,实现准确估计,通过仿真实验进行性能验证。仿真结果表明,该算法具有较大的信道估计性能,抗干扰能力提高,信息增益提高,在云计算通信中具有较好的稳健性。     

非线性移动通信系统的PSK控制盲信道调制算法

非线性移动通信系统的准确调制可以提高信道盲均衡性能,改善通信质量。传统的信道调制算法采用非线性滚动预测方法,对非线性移动通信系统的谐波平衡效果不好。提出一种基于PSK控制盲分离技术的非线性移动通信系统的信道调制算法。构建非线性移动通信系统的信道模型,设计键控移相PSK控制盲分离算法,计算PSK控制盲调制解析信号的包络和相位,消除多径干扰,实现信道均衡。仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行信道调制,信道模型多径时延差小于一个码元宽度的情况下,移动通信信号的信道均衡起伏较为平稳,有效降低了通信系统的误码率,提高通信质量。     

基于分布传感的容迟自组织网络动态融合算法

通过对自组织网络动态融合,提高复杂应用环境下的无线传感网络的稳定性和通信能力。传统方法中对自组织网络动态融合采用时延-多普勒域动态重组的融合机制,导致相邻节点功率均衡偏差,融合性能不好。提出一种基于分布传感的容迟自组织网络动态融合算法。构建无线传感自组织网络的网络模型,设计短距离通信的主从式无线传输信道自适应跟踪技术和冲激响应特性分析模型,使用分段副本相关检测器对分布频段内频谱进行分段滤波和检测,进行无线传输信道自适应均衡设计,通过相关处理后,可消除这种多径干扰的影响,得到分布传感的容迟自组织网络动态融合结果,实验得出,该算法的融合精度较高,信号保真度较好,优于传统算法,展示了较好的应用价值。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.