足底压力测量技术在生物力学研究中的应用与进展

足底压力测量是步态分析、临床足疾诊疗和运动鞋设计等领域最重要的应用技术,也是生物力学研究的得力工具.综述了该技术在"足(鞋)-地界面"和"足-鞋界面"最新的应用研究进展,提出了足底压力测量技术在临床生物力学、人类功效学和运动生物力学等领域可能的应用和可望的前景.     

老年人步态特征的分析及其评价系统的初步建立

基于三维测力台装置,对127名正常老年人的步态能力进行研究,分析不同年龄、性别对老年人行走能力的影响,得出老年人在步态特征方面的合理分组,并运用统计学和生物力学分析方法对老年人步态特征进行综合评价,建立针对不同年龄阶段老年人步态特征的初步评分标准.研究结果表明,性别因素对老年人步态特征有很大影响,男性和女性老年人的步态特征有较明显差异;男性相邻年龄组间步态特征各指标差异不具有显著性,而女性大于65岁组与小于65岁组之间存在着较大差异;65岁以上老年人的步行能力表现出随年龄增大而下降的趋势,而55～60岁组的老年人步态评价得分低于60～65岁组老年人.     

有限元分析在步态生物力学研究中的应用进展

有限元法应用于步态生物力学研究后不断获得发展,已成为当今生物力学研究的重要方法.综述了该方法在计算机建模、生物材料学、临床问题和体育医疗器械开发等领域的应用进展,并根据其发展脉络作出了趋势展望.     

老年人站立及行走稳定性的生物力学研究

老年人站立、行走的稳定性问题是目前国际生物力学界的热点问题。老年人步态功能及平衡能力下降与关节柔韧性降低、视力减弱、前庭功能下降有关。介绍国内外有关问题的研究现状 ,归纳步态和平衡问题的研究方法及特征指标 ,为进一步深入研究 ,建立老年人口运动平衡能力评价系统打下基础。     

肥胖儿童与正常儿童行走步态特征的运动学分析

采用三维摄像同步测试的方法,对9名肥胖儿童和11名正常体重儿童进行平地常速行走的运动学三维分析。结果表明:1)肥胖儿童步态周期、支撑时相百分比、双支撑时相百分比均比正常儿童长,摆动时间比正常儿童短。表明肥胖儿童行走时步态存在不稳定因素,肥胖儿童通过延长双支撑时间来增加行走的稳定性。2)肥胖儿童的步长/身高的比值、步速/身高比值、步频均小于正常儿童,步宽比正常儿童宽。反映出肥胖儿童行走比正常儿童缓慢的特点。3)关节角度方面,肥胖儿童的髋关节在矢状面上的最大伸角和屈角比正常儿童小,在额状面上的平均外展角大于正常儿童,内收角小于正常儿童。表明肥胖儿童由于多余的脂肪堆积,妨碍了髋关节的屈伸和内收幅度。4)肥胖儿童与正常儿童步态的重要差异之一是在一侧脚跟着地时刻,该侧脚掌面与水平面的夹角明显小于正常儿童。可以推测肥胖儿童行走时重心移动较慢。     

老年人人体测量学参数与滑动摔倒危险性的关系

摘要：目的：摔倒是目前世界范围内老年人群身体健康所面临的一个主要威胁。然而对于老年人人体测量学参数与摔倒危险之间关系的研究很少。通过对老年人进行滑倒模拟测试，来确定人体测量学参数与摔倒的关系。方法：187名健康老年人在美国伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校临床步态和运动分析实验室参加了滑动测试。实验采集了受试者的人体测量学参数（身高、体重和足长）以及年龄和性别指标。所有受试者在一个安装有滑板装置的7 m长跑道上完成数次正常行走后，经历了一次事先未知的滑动，测试过程中有护具保证其安全。结果：测试中98名(52.4%)受试者摔倒，89名能够恢复正常步态。女性比男性(79% vs. 58%, P < 0.01)受试者，肥胖组比非肥胖组(39% vs. 20%, P < 0.01)老年人，身高低(P < 0.01)和足长小(P< 0.01)的老年人更容易发生摔倒。通过多元回归分析得到身体质量指数（BMI）、性别和身高是摔倒的危险因素。另外，身高与性别具有显著性交互作用。结论：研究结果表明女性、身高低、肥胖者（BMI> 30 kg/m2）以及足长小的老年人发生摔倒的危险性较大。     

河北省中年超重与肥胖人群膳食特点的调查与分析

运用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法,对河北省四个地区超重与肥胖的中年人群和正常体重的中年人群的膳食结构进行调查,旨在分析我省超重与肥胖中年人群的膳食特点,探讨导致其肥胖的饮食因素,为其控制体重、增进健康提供指导。     

肥胖人群的锻炼行为和锻炼动机——以西安市知识分子为例的比较研究

为了解肥胖人群的锻炼行为和锻炼动机特点,通过598名西安市知识分子问卷调查,对比分析肥胖人群和正常体重人群的健康状况、体育行为和锻炼动机,并考察体育行为和锻炼动机的关系.结果表明:1)知识分子中肥胖和较胖人数占33.2%,他们的健康状况明显差于体重正常的人群,是慢性病高发人群;2)肥胖人群外貌动机最强,是肥胖知识分子参与体育锻炼的主要心理动力;3)知识分子的锻炼行为与锻炼动机显著相关,内部动机更重要;4)肥胖知识分子促进健康的方法应首选体育锻炼,需要在体育锻炼中培养乐趣动机和能力动机.     

肥胖人群的锻炼行为和锻炼动机——以西安市知识分子为例的比较研究

为了解肥胖人群的锻炼行为和锻炼动机特点,通过598名西安市知识分子问卷调查,对比分析肥胖人群和正常体重人群的健康状况、体育行为和锻炼动机,并考察体育行为和锻炼动机的关系.结果表明:1)知识分子中肥胖和较胖人数占33.2％,他们的健康状况明显差于体重正常的人群,是慢性病高发人群;2)肥胖人群外貌动机最强,是肥胖知识分子参与体育锻炼的主要心理动力;3)知识分子的锻炼行为与锻炼动机显著相关,内部动机更重要;4)肥胖知识分子促进健康的方法应首选体育锻炼,需要在体育锻炼中培养乐趣动机和能力动机.     

河北省中年超重与肥胖人群综合干预措施的分析研究

目的：通过对河北省中年超重与肥胖人群运动与营养现状的综合分析,了解中年超重与肥胖人群的膳食和体育活动特点,归纳影响因素及预防措施。方法：采用问卷调查法和文献资料法,对影响肥胖的因素作逐个分析。结果：中年超重与肥胖人群在体育锻炼、不良饮食习惯及行为等方面存在着无锻炼或锻炼水平低,坐姿活动时间较长,食欲好、食量大、进食速度快等现象。结论：采用持之以恒的饮食控制＋体育锻炼＋行为矫正的综合干预措施是防控中年人超重与肥胖的有效手段。     

Hamlet and His Revenge

The article introduces Shakespeare's tragedy "Hamlet".Hamlet wants to revenge for his father.But when the opportunity is coming,he delays his revenge.The passage analyzes the causes of his delay from Hamlet's characters.     

Cross Culture Communication——in Our Daily Life

Since the late 1960s,culture has been considered tighter with communication.Culture IS based on the community of communication.Communication involves people and their environment.Thus culture is an important factor in communication.Today with modem economic and technological development,intercultural communication is mole important than ever before. When people from different cultural background communicate with each other,their social stereotype pattern of behavior, their habits of language and thought differ from one another,because these are the possible factors that affect intercultural communications.Culture norms also change,culture may be transferred as signs but we have to study and understand the above carefially.     

A New Woman Image--Analysis of Jane Eyre''''s Character

The thesis mainly discusses the character of the heroine in Charlotte Brontes famous novel "Jane Eyre". There are three major parts-introduction,analysis which is the main body of the thesis,and conclusion.Jane Eyre,the heroine,is a new woman image who requires independence equality and freedom.The thesis just analyzes Janes these rebellious characters through four peroods of her experiences.First,in her childhood,she has shown her rebellious spirit.As an orphan,Jane suffers a lot of misery.Not only her aunt treats her cruelly,her cousins despise her,but also do servants have a prejudice against her.In Janes immature heart, she is unwilling to bear ill treatment.She rebels them bravely.Second,when she studies at Lowood,her rebellious spirit is exposed furtherly.Her view doest stay in Mrs Reeds,instead turns to the whole society.She makes hypocrisy of so-called charity to be discovered completely.At the same time,she declares her independent,equal rebellious thought to her friend-Helldn who endures oppression willingly.Third,she,as a governess in Thornfield Hall falls in love with Rochester-her master.During this period,her thought grows into maturity.Thought she loves him passionately,she never loses her dignity and independence for him.When she knows his mad wife still lives,she makes up her mind to leave him.For she doesnt want to become his mistress.Fourth,her refusal of St Johns proposal of marriage depicts Janes character.She knows John does not love her at all and his purpose of marriage is only to perform his great task missionary.Jane does want to become a sacrifice.She breaks traditional morality,then she goes back to Rochester.     

Using Context Clue in Reading

The context of a word consists of the other words surrounding it and the situation in which it is used.When we come across a new word in our reading,instead of looking it up in a dictionary for its definition,we can guess its meaning from its context.     

Cultural Factors in Reading

Introduction Whatisculture?Toputitsimply,culturemeansthe totalwayoflifeofaperson.Thissimpledefinitionimplies thatculturereferstothepattersofcustoms,traditions,socialhabits,values,beliefsandlanguageofasociety.As cultureissoinclusive,itincludesvirtuallyeverythingthat agroupofpeoplethink,say,doandmake.Followingthedefinitionofsociologists,theterm culturereferstothetotalpatternofbeliefs,customs,institutions,objects,andcharacterizesthelifeofhuman community.“Cultureconsistsofallthesharedproductsof …     

A Crying in the Dark

"Midnight"is a poem written by Archibald·Lampman,a Canadian poet,who loved nature very much,but his poor health prevents him from being very active in the outdoor life.So he is often the quite,thoughtful observer of nature in his poems.This article mainly talks about how to appreciate the poem in the following aspects:word selecting,rhyme,sentence structure and atmosphere.After reading this poem,we cannot get rid of the air of horror and mystery."Midnight" reveals another aspect of the nature:wild,rough and unknown.There is something else in the nature that can awe human beings even though we don't know what it is.     

痛定思痛：当代中国武术发展之缺失——刍议武术所缺乏宽容态度、自省精神、固守品质、稳定情感、真正说教与现代反思

当代中国武术经历了时代的沧桑和变迁,在历经了文化和历史的发展与洗礼之后,依然发展、繁衍至今。在这样一个漫长的过程中,伴随着以社会环境和社会人群价值取向为主的变迁与变化,当代中国武术的发展与当代社会的发展正逐渐的呈现出某些相背离和不和谐的表象。通过研究,我们发觉中国武术中原本一些内在的东西正在不断的被遗忘,正在不断的流逝。本文试从中国武术在当代发展中的问题境域入手,解读中国武术在当今世界和社会中存在的一些问题,希望能够从中找到中国武术发展的＂合法性＂或＂合时性＂的内在依据,以挺立中国武术的脊梁。     

An Analysis of English Carrie

Chapter Ⅰ Introduction Sitting in the rocking chair,Carrie dreams her future.This is the deep impression the novel"Sister Carrie"gives us,which is written by Theodore Dreiser(1871-1945),the great American realism writer.     

现阶段国内高水平青少年足球守门员防守基本技术运用分析

运用临场观察统计法、访谈法、文献资料法以及归纳法等研究方法,对现阶段国内青少年足球守门员防守技术运用情况进行统计与分析研究.结果表明:判断反应与选位能力不足是青少年守门员防守技术失误的主要原因,预判失误与技术粗糙以及缺乏自信等导致青少年守门员对抗条件下难以有效发挥位置优势,强干扰情况时出击争夺球失误多,重视反应训练和提高接球动作质量要求是提高青少年守门员技术水平的重中之重.     

体校语文素质教育课堂结构模式浅探

提高体校学生的语素质的主要途径是课堂教学。体校语教师在教学过程中必须根据学生身心特点．设置合理的结构模式，以便顺利实现教学目标。