优秀排球运动员的运动创伤流行病学研究

对国家排球队等10个省市级的排球队的运动员241名进行了运动创伤流行病学普查。其结果:患病率为68.5％(男子为73.7％,女子为65.5％,男女差异无显著性),常见病、多发病为髌骨末端病、髌腱腱围炎、髌骨软骨软化症和膝半月板损伤。     

赛艇运动员的创伤流行病学研究

本文对6支赛艇队154名运动员进行了创伤调查,结果表明,创伤患病率为55．20％,慢性损伤占70．27％,其中腰孤肌慢性损伤居首位,其次为膑骨软骨病、膑腹腱围炎和肩袖损伤。致伤情况主要为专项训练时致伤,占患病率60．35％,多为慢性损伤长期积累造成。认为今后应针对专项训练特点,加强科学训练。     

少年运动创伤与项群特征

一、调查报告 （一）运动创伤情况 在对某省１７３名少年田径运动员的调查中,运动损伤患病人数有８９人,１０８人次损伤,患病率为５１．４％。 （二）患病率与项群关系 在８９名患者中,短跑类患者３９人,４７人次损伤,占其患病率６８．４％;耐力类患者１２人,１５人次损伤,患病率占２４．５％;跳跃类患者３３人,４０人次损伤,患病率占６４．７％;投掷类患者５人,６人次损伤,患病率占３１． ２％。其中短跑类、跳跃类运动员损伤率较高,耐力、投掷类受伤人数相对较少。 （三）创伤部位 下肢伤多,占总伤次的７０．５％。创伤…     

国际自由式摔跤运动员运动损伤调查

对武汉体院、湖北省自由式男子摔跤队43名运动员进行了运动创伤调查.43名运动员中,伤39名,患病率73.68%;查出伤病68人次,人均发病率152.9%.调查结果表明:训练场受伤占96.55%;损伤主要发生在专项训练时,占89.66%;损伤性质以急性转慢性为主,占66.18%;以膝(66.17%)、腰(19.12%)、手(8.83%)为好发部位;占全部损伤的94.12%.以膝关节内外侧副韧带损伤最多(45.59%)、腰肌筋膜炎次之(14.70%)、膝部半月板损伤9例占13.24%.影响训练的创伤占44.12%;治疗总有效率61.76%;在病因中以专项训练因素为多见,占67.65%,其次为身体训练、训练安排及比赛因素等,其中以专项训练过多最为多见,占70.59%,其次为技术失误及误伤、缺乏保护等.作者指出,提高技术训练水平、加强训练场医务监督、重视急性伤的处理是减少创伤患病率的重要途径.     

关于赛艇运动员运动创伤的调查分析

本文运用文献资料法、资料调查法和专家访问等方法,对在陕西省杨凌水上运动管理中心参加2008年全国赛艇锦标赛40名参赛运动员进行了运动创伤的调查后发现,运动创伤患病率占80％,慢性创伤占62．5％,并且有46．3％的运动员在受伤后不能得到有效的治疗和恢复。通过数据进一步深层次分析造成的原因,并提出相应的建议为运动员科学训练提供帮助。     

电针治疗前锯肌损伤28例临床观察

前锯肌损伤多见于某些专项训练中(如举重等),其在运动创伤中所占比例很小,临床常易误诊。笔者应用电针配合深呼吸运动疗法治疗因前锯肌损伤所致的“肩背痛”、“胸背痛”,一疗程治愈率达89.29％。现将1986年以来诊治的28例有完整资料的病例小结如下: 一般临床资料经诊断为前锯肌损伤者共28例,其中27例为运动员,1例为本单位驾驶员。男性24例,女性4例,男女之比例为6∶1,其中举重运动员25例(男22人,女3人),标枪运动员2例(男女各1例),驾驶员1人(男).受伤时年龄14～27岁,(平均16.8     

我国不同等级单板U型场地滑雪运动员运动损伤研究

应用流行病学研究方法,对我国不同等级单板U型场地滑雪运动员的创伤情况进行了调查。结果表明:运动员运动创伤患病率较高;患病率居前5位的损伤是膝关节、腰部、踝关节、臀部和头、颈;创伤的发生率与运动年限无关,但创伤的严重程度与运动员的运动等级有关;运动损伤流行病学特征显示伤病特征与运动特点相关性较高,虽然专项训练是第1位的致伤因素,但伤病是多种因素共同作用的结果;伤病对日常训练的影响十分明显,虽然治疗方法较多但总体治疗效果并不令人满意。建议在今后的训练中加强医务监督,引进新的治疗方法与手段,提高训练科学化水平,加强防护措施和自我保护意识,改善场地、器材等条件,进一步减少运动损伤。     

帆船运动创伤流行病学研究

对国家队和山东队的25名帆船运动员进行了运动创伤的调查,其中男16名,女9名;平均年龄22岁;专业训练年限平均4.36年,运动寿命平均5.80年;国际健将3名,健将2名,一级7名。被调查的25人中,伤18人,患病率为72％,男13名,占81.25％,女5名,占55.56％;其中慢性损伤22人次,占61.11％,急转慢性损伤7人次,占19.44％,急性损伤7人次,占19.44％。腰骶棘肌的慢性损伤居首位,患病率为44％,第2位是髌腱腱围炎,患病率为20％,第3位是胸腰椎压缩骨折,患病率为8％,其次是腰骶关节慢性损伤等11种,患病     

技巧运动员的创伤流行病学研究

对国家集训队等124名技巧运动员进行了运动创伤的流行病学调查,发现技巧运动员的常见病、多发病的患病率为:骶棘肌慢性损伤9.26％,腰肌筋膜炎5.65％,腕慢性创伤性滑膜炎4.84％。创伤的发生与专项运动有明显的关系,建议训练课后应采用不同的放松方法消除局部疲劳,减少创伤的发生。     

我国不同等级单板U型场地滑雪运动员运动损伤研究

应用流行病学研究方法,对我国不同等级单板U型场地滑雪运动员的创伤情况进行了调查。结果表明：运动员运动创伤患病率较高;患病率居前5位的损伤是膝关节、腰部、踝关节、臀部和头、颈;创伤的发生率与运动年限无关,但创伤的严重程度与运动员的运动等级有关;运动损伤流行病学特征显示伤病特征与运动特点相关性较高,虽然专项训练是第1位的致伤因素,但伤病是多种因素共同作用的结果;伤病对日常训练的影响十分明显,虽然治疗方法较多但总体治疗效果并不令人满意。建议在今后的训练中加强医务监督,引进新的治疗方法与手段,提高训练科学化水平,加强防护措施和自我保护意识,改善场地、器材等条件,进一步减少运动损伤。     

我国儿童足球训练运动损伤初探:基于992名6~9岁球员的横断面研究

目的：调查我国6~9岁儿童在足球训练中运动损伤的患病率、患病特点、影响因素。方法：本横断面研究纳入2017—2019年中国足球小将相关赛事报名参赛球员，收集人口基本信息、足球训练情况、足球训练相关损伤情况。结果：研究纳入992例球员，来自全国16个省和直辖市。其中男性儿童953人、女性儿童39人，平均年龄(8.1±0.8)岁，平均身高(135.3±6.8) cm，平均体重(29.0±4.7) kg，平均BMI(15.8±1.8) kg/m2，平均球龄(28.7±10.5)月。足球训练中运动损伤的患病率为15.0%。损伤最常见的部位为踝关节；最常见受伤类型是关节扭伤或韧带损伤。受伤球员与未受伤球员间最大训练强度有统计学差异(P<0.05)，性别、年龄、场上位置、每次训练时间、每周训练频率无统计学差异。结论：我国6~9岁参与足球运动的儿童在训练中出现运动损伤的患病率为15%。其中踝关节扭伤最常见。训练强度过高很可能是导致发生训练损伤的风险因素。     

Injuries in formal and informal non-professional soccer – an overview of injury context,causes, and characteristics

The objective of this study is to analyse context, causes, and characteristics of injuries in non-professional soccer. Therefore, a retrospective telephone survey was carried out with persons who were injured while playing soccer and who reported this accident to the Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (Suva). Based on these data, an analysis of 708 soccer injuries was performed. The findings show that 30.1% of the injuries occurred during informal soccer play, and 75.4% of the injured persons were soccer club members. 53.0% of all injuries were caused by contact and 29.5% by foul play. Foul play was not associated with injury severity. With respect to injury severity, twisting/turning and being tackled by an opponent were identified as the most influental injury causes. Moreover, the risk of being severely injured was particularly high players of the 30+/40+ amateur leagues. In conclusion, the findings highlight that 30+/40+ league players are a major target group for the prevention of severe soccer injuries. Soccer clubs may constitute an appropriate multiplier for implementing prevention strategies such as fair play education, healthy play behaviours, and prevention programmes. Finally, a better understanding of injury situations leading to severe injuries is needed to improve injury prevention.     

Severity and cost of injuries in amateur rugby league: A case study

The aim of this study was to determine the severity and cost of injuries in amateur rugby league. Seventy-two amateur rugby league players aged 28 - 6 years (mean - s) were surveyed at the end of a competitive season. An injury was defined as any pain, disability or injury that occurred as a result of a competition game which caused the player to miss subsequent games. Injuries were classified as minor (one game missed), moderate (two to four games missed) and major (five or more games missed). Of the 72 questionnaires distributed, 34 (47.2%) were returned. Twenty respondents (58.8%) sustained an injury that resulted in one or more missed games. Eight injured players (40.0%) missed five or more training sessions, six of whom (30%) missed five or more games as a result of the injury. The median time lost from employment or study for all injured players was 2 days per playing injury. The respective median direct (e.g. medical expenses) and indirect (e.g. wages lost) costs associated with the injury were 28.29 and 77.04 per playing injury. A considerable proportion of injuries sustained in the present sample of amateur rugby league players were major, resulting in a loss of training, playing and employment or study time, and these injuries were associated with significant direct and indirect economic costs. Further studies, using a larger sample, would complement the present findings in establishing the severity and cost of amateur rugby league injuries. These results suggest that prevention strategies are required to reduce the severity and cost of amateur rugby league injuries.     

The relationship between lower body stiffness and injury incidence in female netballers

The aim of this study was to provide contemporary information on injury rates in an elite and sub-elite netball population and to explore the relationship between lower body stiffness and lower body injuries. One elite and two sub-elite teams of female netballers (n = 29) performed the vertical hop test to assess active lower body stiffness (K_vert) and myometry to assess quasi-static stiffness. Lower body injuries were monitored via self-reporting and liaison with physiotherapists. Twelve lower body non-contact injuries were sustained by 10 players, equating to 11.29 lower body injuries per 1,000 exposure hours. The most commonly injured sites were the calf (33%) and ankle (25%). No significant differences between K_vert of injured and non-injured players were reported, however, injured elite players recorded significantly higher season mean quasi-static stiffness in the soleus (p = 0.037) and Achilles (p = 0.004) than non-injured elite players. Elite and sub-elite netball players recorded a higher injury incidence than previous reports of injuries in recreational netballers. Within the constraints of the study, relatively high stiffness of the soleus and Achilles appears to be related to lower body non-contact injury incidence in female netballers, particularly at the elite level. These results provide a basis for development of injury prevention strategies.     

Severity and cost of injuries in amateur rugby league: a case study

The aim of this study was to determine the severity and cost of injuries in amateur rugby league. Seventy-two amateur rugby league players aged 28 +/- 6 years (mean +/- s) were surveyed at the end of a competitive season. An injury was defined as any pain, disability or injury that occurred as a result of a competition game which caused the player to miss subsequent games. Injuries were classified as minor (one game missed), moderate (two to four games missed) and major (five or more games missed). Of the 72 questionnaires distributed, 34 (47.2%) were returned. Twenty respondents (58.8%) sustained an injury that resulted in one or more missed games. Eight injured players (40.0%) missed five or more training sessions, six of whom (30%) missed five or more games as a result of the injury. The median time lost from employment or study for all injured players was 2 days per playing injury. The respective median direct (e.g. medical expenses) and indirect (e.g. wages lost) costs associated with the injury were 28.29 pounds and 77.04 pound per playing injury. A considerable proportion of injuries sustained in the present sample of amateur rugby league players were major, resulting in a loss of training, playing and employment or study time, and these injuries were associated with significant direct and indirect economic costs. Further studies, using a larger sample, would complement the present findings in establishing the severity and cost of amateur rugby league injuries. These results suggest that prevention strategies are required to reduce the severity and cost of amateur rugby league injuries.     

职业女子篮球运动员联赛准备期损伤特征调查研究——以江苏女子篮球运动员为例

目的：通过对江苏女子篮球运动员在联赛准备期中损伤特征的研究，为有效控制职业女子篮球运动员的损伤风险提供研究依据。方法：以备战2018-2019年WCBA联赛的14名江苏女子篮球运动员为研究对象，通过sRPE监控运动员的训练负荷，通过跟踪调查记录运动员的损伤情况，分析训练负荷对损伤的影响。结果：江苏女子篮球运动员的慢性损伤率为100%，非接触性急性损伤高于接触性急性损伤，健将级运动员的损伤风险显著高于一级运动员（P=0.020）；sRPE与基于Polar心率带的训练负荷得分（r=0.644，P=0.000）有显著性强相关；以中等负荷组（491~590 AU）为参照，低负荷组（98~490 AU）损伤风险有所降低（OR=0.912），而高负荷组（591~676 AU）的损伤风险（OR=2.174）和极高负荷组（677~1 219 AU）的损伤风险（OR=1.692）有所增大，其中高负荷组的损伤风险显著性上升（P=0.040）。结论：职业女子篮球运动员普遍患有慢性损伤，好发非接触性损伤，损伤部位以膝关节、足踝部和腰部为主；健将级运动员比一级运动员发生损伤的风险明显更高；中等负荷的训练课下运动员有较低的损伤风险，但减少负荷并不能有效降低损伤风险；相反增大负荷会使损伤风险显著增加，而进一步增大负荷时损伤风险又会有所下降。     

Injuries in handball: Examination of the risk factors

Abstract

This paper examines the influence of selected risk factors on injuries among male players of competition handball. Data relating to risk factors were collected using a self-report questionnaire. The factors that were examined were age, height, weight, body mass index, field position, past sport experience, level of competition, pre-season conditioning, number of practices per week, frequency of participation in games, use of prophylactic equipment, use of stretching exercises, and technical training. The questionnaire was administered to 216 male handball players. Nearly half of the players (42.6% or n=92) reported that they had been injured during the previous two years. The injury incidence was 8.14 injuries per 1,000 game hours for the preceding two years. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the variables “use of prophylactic equipment” and the “number of practices per week” contributed significantly to the prediction of an injury in handball players. The results of this study suggest that it is possible to reduce injury occurrence by giving specific attention to players using prophylactic equipment and to the lower-competition-level players.     

An audit of injuries in six english professional soccer academies

Regulations now state that professional academies in the United Kingdom are required to substantially increase the volume of soccer training. This study assessed the current injury occurrence, providing an update to reports published prior to the introduction of the Elite Player Performance Plan (EPPP). 608 soccer players aged 11–18 years from six professional soccer clubs were prospectively monitored, recording injuries during the 2014–2015 season. An injury rate of 1.32 injuries per player/season was indicated with a mean time loss of 21.9 days per injury. The greatest time loss per injury was in the U14s-U15s, and the highest rate of severe injuries in the U15s. Strains and sprains were the most common injury type, with the knee and ankle the most frequently injured anatomical sites. Seasonal variation indicated two peaks in injury incidence, occurring in September and January. In comparison to a published audit prior to the inception of the EPPP, this study indicates that academy soccer players are three-times more likely to experience an injury. Given that time loss and injury severity also increased during periods that typically follow rapid growth, these players should be considered an important group for training load monitoring and injury prevention strategies.     

The impact of in-season national team soccer play on injury and player availability in a professional club

This study investigated the impact of in-season national team duty on injury rates and player availability in a professional soccer club. Time-loss injuries and exposure time during club and national team duties were recorded prospectively over 5 seasons (2009–2014). A time-loss injury was sustained by 37.7% of squad members participating in national duty, all injuries occurring in match-play. The incidence (per 1000 h exposure) for national team player match-play injuries did not differ (P = 0.608) to that for all players in club competitions: 48.0 (95% CI 20.9–75.5) vs. 41.9 (95% CI 36.5–47.4), incidence rate ratio = 1.2 (CI: 0.8–2.4). The majority (58%) of national team injuries resulted in a layoff ≤1 week. Of all working days lost to injury generally, 5.2% were lost through injury on national duty. Injury incidence in the week following national duty was comparable (P = 0.818) in players participating or not: 7.8 (95% CI 3.6–12.0) vs. 7.1 (95% CI: 4.6–9.6), incidence rate ratio = 1.1 (CI: 0.7–2.7). While approximately 40% of participating players incurred a time-loss injury on national duty, no training injuries were sustained and injuries made up a negligible part of overall club working days lost to injury. Following duty, players had a similar injury risk to peers without national obligations.     

Epidemiology of injuries in First Division Spanish football

Abstract

The aim was to examine the injuries sustained by Spanish football players in the First Division and to compare injury-related variables in the context of both competition and training. The injury data were prospectively collected from 16 teams (427 players) using a specific web-based survey during the 2008/2009 season. A total of 1293 injuries were identified (145 were recurring injuries). The overall injury incidence was 5.65 injuries per 1000 h of exposure. Injuries were much more common during competition than during training (43.53 vs. 3.55 injuries per 1000 h of exposure, P < 0.05). Most of the injuries (89.6%) involved the lower extremities, and overuse (65.7%) was the main cause. Muscle and tendon injuries were the most common types of injury (53.8%) among the players. The incidence of training injuries was greater during the pre-season and tended to decrease throughout the season, while the incidence of competition injuries increased throughout the season (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest the need for injury prevention protocols in the First Division of the Spanish Football League to reduce the number of overuse injuries in the muscles and tendons in the lower extremities. In addition, special attention should be paid during the pre-season and the competitive phase II (the last four months of the season) in order to prevent training and competition injuries, respectively.