利用文化策略,促进数学理解

数学中经典的图形、案例、历史名题、数学家的思想、方法,是促进数学理解的重要资源.利用经典的图形、实验,借用数学家探究的案例以及悠久的数学问题,创设思考、观察、研究、创新等情境,达到对数学知识的经验性理解,获得创新性理解,实现文化性理解,强化关系性理解.     

问题解决过程中学生的困惑与教学应对策略探析

<正>问题解决要经历四个步骤:理解题意、制订计划、执行计划和回顾反思。我们可以从学生的作品中读出他们问题解决的过程、策略和方法、思考问题的层次以及他们的困惑,从而有针对性地引导他们参与问题解决的过程、感悟方法策略的多样性与适用性。现结合具体的实例,谈谈学生问题解决过程中理解题意和回顾反思环节的困惑与教学应对策略。一、学生理解题意中的困惑与应对策略新课改背景下的问题解决大多配有情境图,图文并茂。可是学生见题就做,做完就错。如何让学生读懂题意、分析好数量关系是教师首先应考虑的问题。     

数学家也会犯错误

美国著名数学家和数学史家M·克莱因(M .Kline ,1 90 8～1 992 )曾指出,历史上数学家所遇到的困难,课堂上的学生同样也会遇到,因而历史对于课堂教学具有重要的借鉴和指导作用.他认为数学家遭遇困难、挫折、失败的经历对学生有着很好的教育意义.英国数学史家J .Fauvel则认为数学史可以起到“使学生感到数学不那么可怕”、“因为知道有困难的并非只有他们自己而感到欣慰”以及“改变学生的数学观”的作用.法国学者Friedelmeyer通过研究指出,数学历史有助于教师更好地理解学生所犯的错误.且让我们记述历史上数学家的几个错误.虚根相乘众所周…     

极限概念教学探索

极限教学研究方法众多,内容广泛．从极限发展历程中寻找规律、指导教学不仅是HPM的重要内容,也是一种新的尝试．极限发展历史表明：数学家对极限的认识并不是一步到位的,而是一个曲折的、渐进的过程．学生在极限学习中所面临的困惑正是历史上数学家们所经历的“遭遇”,由此证实了大数学家M·克莱因的论断：“历史是教学的指南”,也启示我们：极限教学要遵循认识规律,从学生的数学“现实”出发,让学生经历“胚胎式发展”的过程．     

浅析数形结合思想在初中数学教学中的应用

数量关系和空间表现形式是数学研究的两类对象，两者分道扬镳，就会应用狭窄、发展缓慢，两者若形同伴侣，则水乳交融、如虎添翼。我国著名数学家华罗庚认为：“数无形时少直觉，形少数时难入微。数形结合百般好，隔离分家万事非。”“数”的精确与“形”的直观紧密相联、相得益彰，能化解难点，优化解题策略，易于让学生接受和理解。     

数学与人的发展

有一位数学家说数学与善的关系甚密,开始我还不太理解.经过反复琢磨,真的越来越觉得有道理.     

文学与道德关系的再思考

自古以来文道关系已成定论，然在新的历史时期又面临挑战致使对文学与道德的关系作进一步思考。文与道密不可分，是双向互补的关系。困惑来自于对“世俗僵化的道德规范”和“真正的道德精神”的理解的误区。“道”乃是不同于伦理范畴的体现“颠倒道德精神”的“人性的光辉”，而非世俗生活之“伦理”。文学是审美与道德和谐统一，而道德与审美的一致性来自道德的中介作用。美善合一，是文学的至高境界。     

从“切糕党”看新异名名组合的意义构建

“切糕党”这一新异名名词组是如何进行意义构建的？双重加工理论为我们提供了新的视角.文章试图运用双重加工理论中提出的理解策略来分析解释诸如“切糕党”这类新异名名词组的意义构建,并得出此类新异名名词组的意义构建采取了关系连接策略的结论.     

不等号的由来

现实世界中存在着大量的不等关系．如何用符号来表示呢？为了寻求一套表示“大于”或“小于”的符号，数学家们绞尽脑汁．1631年。英国数学家哈里奥特首先创用符号“〉”表示“大于”，“〈”表示“小于”．这就是现在通用的大于号和小于号．与哈里奥特同时代的数学家们也创造了一些表示大小关系的符号．但都因为书写起来十分敏琐而被淘汰．     

从以往学制看学前教育家园关系的演变历程

随着癸卯学制、壬子癸丑学制、壬戌学制、1951年学制的相继颁布,近代以来学前教育家园关系经历了幼儿园“辅助”家庭教育、幼儿园“协助”家庭教育、幼儿园与家庭教育趋向互相配合的演变历程.每一时期家园关系的特点都与幼儿园教育在学制中的地位、幼儿园的设立宗旨、幼儿园师资培养以及其他各项制度性规定有关.了解家园关系的历史演变进程,有利于我们加深理解家庭和幼儿园在幼儿教育中的功能,对于有效解决当今家园共育出现的问题以及促进当下家园关系的和谐发展等都具有借鉴意义.     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

Social and Cultural Influence on Word Meaning

Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.     

钱生钱!

我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

Inequalities for inscribed simplexes

The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex.