完善大学生职业生涯规划教育的管理机制

职业生涯规划教育作为一项教育行为,可以根据管理学原理,明确计划、组织、领导、控制各项职能的主要内容,建立相应的教育管理体系.在这一体系中,目标设定是基础,任务分解是前提,机制建设是关键,绩效评估是保障.     

The influence of leadership behavior and organizational commitment on organizational readiness for change in a higher learning institution

Many factors contribute to the effectiveness in implementing organizational change. However, many change effort fail due to several factors such as lack of commitment, style of leadership, and emotional distress of the employees who have to implement the change. This study was intended to determine the influence of leadership behavior and organizational commitment on organizational readiness for change in a higher learning institution. It was based on a conceptual framework that combined part of an adapted model from organizational development and change theory. A total of 169 academic staff from the main and branch campuses UiTM throughout Malaysia were selected based on stage and cluster sampling to participate in this study. The result shows that there is a significant relationship between organizational commitment and leadership behavior on organizational readiness for change. The findings also revealed that 36.5% of the variance in readiness for change is explained by organizational commitment and transactional leadership behavior. In determining the role of the organization commitment as a moderating variable, the result of the study indicates significant moderating effect of affective commitment on the relationship between transformational leadership behavior and organizational readiness for change. This study implied that building organizational commitment as well as developing transformational and transactional leadership behavior could contribute to formulation of organizational readiness for change and subsequently lead to the success of a change program.     

Individual and Collective Leadership in School Science Departments

Given that the subject department is recognised by subject specialist teachers as the central and immediate unit of organization in secondary schools it is surprising that so little attention has been paid by researchers to the leadership dynamics within science departments. The leadership dynamics within the science departments of two contrasting school contexts were explored dialectically in this study. The structure ∣ agency and individual∣collective dialectics guided our interpretation of data from lesson observations, interviews and questionnaire responses, especially as they related to teachers' preparation of units of work (i.e., planned curriculum). As well as recognising thin coherence in teachers' responses we identify contradictions in teachers' perceived and enacted leadership roles, and perceptions of influences on curriculum planning and teaming within the two science departments. Throughout the article we disrupt traditional individualistic leadership discourses and suggest possibilities for more widespread application of an individual | collective leadership dialectic in school science departments.     

领导行为与作风的本土领导科学研究成果综述

对中国本土领导科学中领导行为和领导作风的研究成果进行综述。通过综述认为,20世纪的中国管理心理学关于领导行为和领导作风的研究,要么停留在西方管理心理学的介绍和跨文化验证方面,要么就是以西方文化为背景,对中国古代儒家道家文化背景下形成的治国治家思想视而不见。而与此同时,中国共产党领导的组织人事部门和政策研究部门的学者却创立了有强烈政治针对性的本土化的领导科学。由于文化和政治差异,其话语与学院派的管理心理学差异比较大。学院派的管理心理学充斥着大量的带有港台特色的西方文化概念,而党和政府派的领导科学却完全按照党的历史和现实执政要求,按照党的历届领袖人物的领导理论和话语来建设自己的领导科学。因此,笔者认为,当代中国有两种领导科学,一种是以西方管理心理学为框架的领导科学,一种以党的理论为框架的领导科学,两种领导科学就像两条铁轨,难以相交,主要的障碍在于话语的转换困难。许多学者做了许多尝试,都以失败告终。所以说,心理学的本土化道路仍然很漫长。     

教育管理决策模式的研究

教育组织领导是为了实现组织决策而采取的合适的领导方式、激励模式和沟通方式;教育组织的控制是通过对教育组织及其成员行为的监督、检查和调节,使组织及其成员按照既定的目标努力,或根据发展的需要调整目标或纠正组织及其个人的行为偏差。     

Academic Mobbing in Relation to Leadership Practices: A New Perspective on an Old Issue

Abstract

Constant pressures emanating from internal and external environments of the academy have resulted in many changes, one of which is the workplace mobbing, an old issue for the broader field of organization science but a relatively new phenomenon in the academic context. This study investigated the relationship between workplace mobbing and academic leadership and the results indicated that the more positive leadership there is in an institution, the less mobbing behaviors are observed.     

领导集体情商：组织情商的关键

情商理论与组织行为理论的交叉产生了“组织情商”学说,组织情商是个体情商概念的拓展,在一个组织中,领导班子集体能否建立高效合作的团队,能否有效地利用群体的智能的机制,是组织形成核心竞争力的人事基础,是组织取得成功的关键。因此,领导集体情商是组织情商的关键之所在,在新的历史条件下,提高组织情商,必须首先提高领导集体情商。     

Metaphorical duality: High school subject departments as both communities and organizations

This article investigates the metaphorical duality that exists when school subject departments are concurrently conceptualized as both communities and organizations. Employing a narrative methodology, we use the metaphorical duality to examine the manner in which science teachers negotiate two key aspects of their work; professional learning and teacher leadership. The reified meanings that the department (as community) negotiates are the foundations for the actions that the department (as organization) takes. It is this sense of understanding and commitment to the department as community that provides the department as organization with its political power within a school.     

教育管理学基本范畴论

独立形态的管理、教育管理和教育管理学等学科基本范畴,是现代社会的造物.管理,在汉语里,意指依据某种法则对一定的组织或事情进行管辖和治理以协调各方面的关系进而达到某种目的的行为;在英语里,则既指具体的经营管理活动,又指一般的公共事务活动.教育管理,在汉语里,既指宏观的教育行政活动,又指微观的校务管理活动;在英语里,则主要指对学校教育活动进行具体的经营和对教育的组织领导.教育管理学,在美英等国,其研究已走向实证主义和后实证主义多元并置和多元融合的发展之路;在中国,则还处于经验科学的发展阶段.     

A new model of educational innovation: Exploring the nexus of organizational learning,distributed leadership,and digital technologies

This study presents the development process of a new model of educational innovation, that involves the use of digital technologies. The model is based on a broad theoretical framework together with research involving this long-term case study. The backbone of the model consists of a fundamental revision of a multi-level Organizational Learning Framework incorporating the influence of the external school context (outside of the school context) and various aspects of leadership. The conceptual model not only clarifies the learning capacity of the teachers and administration, in accordance with the organizational learning approach, but can also be used as a tool for the investigation of planned interventions in line with the ‘learning school’ conception. The incorporation of the concept of leadership practice strengthens the original Organizational Learning Framework on all levels in the school organization. The conceptual model integrates and improves theoretical frameworks for context-conscious leadership, organizational learning and distributed leadership. An important outcome of this study is an increased understanding of the relation between distributed leadership and collective sense-making as an important prerequisite for the incorporation of digital learning materials in teaching practice.     

革新课程领导的现实意义和策略

新课程改革实施给学校教育教学工作带来了全方位的挑战。新课程实施中遇到的问题不能完全归结为教师个人的能力、水平和适应性,而应该是学校组织行为方式的问题;也不能归结为评价改革问题,而是学校全方位的课程领导问题。现实的革新的课程领导发展路向应该重点放在学校的教育哲学和课程实施策略的革新、学校课程与教学的整合革新、学校组织的重组和行为优化以及评价制度和方式的革新。     

西方教育管理理论中的人性考察与省思

西方教育管理理论发展过程经历了古典管理理论、行为科学管理理论、教育管理科学理论和后现代教育管理理论诸阶段,每一理论观点都隐涵着相应的人性观。研究表明古典管理理论中的科学管理思想与科层制理论对教育领导与管理行为影响至深,为教育领导与管理实践中非人性化思维与行为的出现“植入”了理论根基,急需在理论研究与实践探索中实现创新与超越。     

高中化学课堂探究教学活动的研究

科学探究是高中化学新课程的重要理念,探究教学活动设计和组织是实施科学探究的重要前提。从探究活动的八个步骤进行了理论分析,并就苏教版《化学1》例子进行具体探讨。     

The Relationship Between Security of Attachment and the Development of a Personal Premise System of Relationships and Expectations for Peer Interaction

Block (1984) postulated that children develop a personal premise system concerning the nature of relationships from the kind of responsiveness, balance, and control they experience when interacting with the caregiver and the caregiver's degree of accessibility during caregiver-child interactions. Block's theory was used in this review to discuss how children's personal premise systems or models of relationships develop through the process of attachment to the caregiver, and how, as children establish more extensive social relationships, this premise system becomes a more generalized model of self and others which shapes all interactions with others including peer relationships during early and middle childhood. The review also suggests continuity in the organization of behavior, for just as the nature of the early personal premise system is shaped by caregiver responsiveness, control, consistency, and availability, so the quality of ties youngsters form with their peers seems also to be shaped by the tone of children's responsiveness to peers, the degree and kind of control youngsters exert in peer interactions, the consistency of behaviors with peers, and children's emotional and physical availability to peers.     

现代计算机组成原理课程特点与实验教学新模式探索

计算机组成原理是计算机科学与技术专业的一门主干核心课程。随着微电子技术的发展和科学技术的进步,计算机科学与技术专业的教学内容和手段也发生着深刻的变化。文章分析了计算机组成原理课程的现状,比较了传统计算机与现代计算机组成原理实验教学的不同特点,提出了应用FPGA技术实现计算机组成原理的新型实验模式,并探讨了基于FPGA／SOPC技术进行的实验课程建设。     

大学内部质量保障体系的文化基点

大学内部质量保障体系有其文化渊源,科学合理的内部质量保障体系需要有牢固的文化根基。大学组织的特性决定了学术文化是大学文化的本质特征,大学质量文化是一个以学术文化为前提、育人文化为根本、科学文化为核心、公益文化为辅助而构成的文化体系。需要通过制度文化设计、文化取向阐释、文化内涵教育和文化行为激励等途径,重塑大学质量文化体系,夯实大学内部质量保障体系的文化基础。     

民族地区小学综合实践活动之教师专业发展问题研究——以四川省S州为例

综合实践活动是一门国家规定的必修课程。调查发现,民族地区小学教师对综合实践活动的课程价值具有比较高的认同度,但当地小学综合实践活动课程建设才刚刚起步,小学教师普遍还不具备指导学生开展综合实践活动的专业能力。就民族地区小学综合实践活动教师的专业发展而言,校长课程领导是基本前提,课程组织制度是重要保障,校本课程开发是主要途径。     

The Relationship Between Security of Attachment and the Development of a Personal Premise System of Relationships and Expectations for Peer Interaction

Block (1984) postulated that children develop a personal premise system concerning the nature of relationships from the kind of responsiveness, balance, and control they experience when interacting with the caregiver and the caregiver's degree of accessibility during caregiver–child interactions. Block's theory was used in this review to discuss how children's personal premise systems or models of relationships develop through the process of attachment to the caregiver, and how, as children establish more extensive social relationships, this premise system becomes a more generalized model of self and others which shapes all interactions with others including peer relationships during early and middle childhood. The review also suggests continuity in the organization of behavior, for just as the nature of the early personal premise system is shaped by caregiver responsiveness, control, consistency, and availability, so the quality of ties youngsters form with their peers seems also to be shaped by the tone of children's responsiveness to peers, the degree and kind of control youngsters exert in peer interactions, the consistency of behaviors with peers, and children's emotional and physical availability to peers.     

CUBA高水平篮球队科学训练的思考

文章对CUBA联赛12年来训练的思考、经验、方法的总结、归纳、分析。从五个方面进行论述：科学地把握CUBA竞技的克＂敌＂制胜规律是进行科学训练的前提;创新赋予CUBA科学训练旺盛的生命力;合理、实效的训练方法是CUBA科学训练的着眼点;理论研究是对CUBA科学训练的支持;学校领导重视是CUBA科学训练的组织保证。     

The Influence of Occupational Self-Efficacy on the Relationship of Leadership Behavior and Preparedness for Occupational Change

A theoretical framework for the relationship between preparedness for occupational change, occupational self-efficacy, and leadership is presented. Preparedness for occupational change is defined as the wish to acquire higher task demands (i.e. greater complexity) in the sense that employees have thought about change but have not yet acted to seek change. It explained why preparedness for occupational change is central prior to, during, and after organizational change is introduced. A model of determinants of preparedness for occupational change is established. The application of this model in different stages of organizational change is demonstrated. Central aspects in this model are self-efficacy and leadership. Self-efficacy influences preparedness for occupational change in the different stages. This effect is demonstrated using the three assumed outcomes of self-efficacy (i.e., initiation of behavior, persistence, and effort) and their relationship to preparedness for occupational change. It is assumed that perceived leadership influences occupational self-efficacy. Three factors influencing self-efficacy (mastery experience, vicarious learning, and verbal persuasion) are regarded as possibly being responsible for this effect. The implications of the model for organizational practice are discussed.