高校学术论文量化评估工作及其数学模型

学术论文的量化评估是高校科研量化的工作重点.本文在分析了高校学术论文评估的指标因素与权重的基础上提出了量化评估的数学模型.     

1993年全国各省（市）高校科研综合实力评价及排序

本文采用加权秩和比的评价方法,对1993年全国各省(市)高校的科研综合实力进行了评价和排序,为定量评价科研的综合实力和效益提供一种新的方法.     

鹅大量采血体重变化的测定

本文报告了起连续大量采血后的体重变化．试验组在一个采血周内平均体重较对照组降低１８０±１０ｇ／只．在采血间歇周内，试验组体重恢复达始均重，在第２采血周，试验组较对照组体重平均下降２００ｇ±１０ｇ／只．但在停止采血，同群饲养放牧１５ｄ后，试验鹅较对照组鹅体重平均高出７５ｇ±５ｇ／只．     

优生素对草杂鸡生长性能及淋巴器官发育的影响

本试验研究了优生素对雏鸡的生长性能及其淋巴器官发育的影响。试验选用200只一日龄草杂雏鸡,随机分为两组,即对照组和试验组,100只/组。优生素按照500g/t添加到基础日粮中。试验结束时,每组采集20只鸡的胸腺、腔上囊、脾脏等样品置于Bouin固定液中固定,常规方法制作组织切片,H.E染色,奥林巴斯显微镜观察拍照。结果表明,试验组鸡的日增重较对照组高,差异显著(p<0.05);采食量试验组鸡较对照组低,差异不显著(p>0.05);料肉比试验组鸡比对照组低,差异不显著(p>0.05);试验组鸡的胸腺小叶皮质增厚,胸腺小体增多;腔上囊皱襞发达,退化延缓;脾动脉周围淋巴鞘增厚,脾小结体积大。试验结果显示优生素可提高雏鸡日增重和饲料转化率,促进胸腺和腔上囊的早期发育,延缓腔上囊的退化,增强脾的免疫应答反映。     

运动员减体重的方法和策略

综述与分析了国外专家有关运动员减重的最新研究进展和临床成果,对减重的方法、医学问题及营养问题进行了探讨     

基于AHP的高校教师教育技术能力评价指标体系组合权重研究

文章在认真分析《江苏省高校教师教育技术能力指南》基础上,经过归纳建立了高校教师教育技术能力评价指标体系,并应用AHP法(层次分析法)对体系各级指标权重进行了定量研究并给出了一、二级指标的组合权重值。     

粗糙集理论在学生成绩综合评价中的应用

在对学生成绩综合评价中引入粗糙集理论．利用该理论充分挖掘已知数据之间的联系来确定评价指标的权重,避免了传统评价方法所带来的主观性缺陷．计算实例表明了该方法的可行性和有效性．     

位势型算子的任意权弱型(1,1)不等式的完整证明

利用极大算子推广了分数次积分算子的结论,得到了一般位势型算子的两个任意权弱型(1,1)不等式,并给出完整证明。     

Building muscle: nutrition to maximize bulk and strength adaptations to resistance exercise training

Abstract

Several nutritional strategies can optimize muscle bulk and strength adaptations and enhance recovery from heavy training sessions. Adequate energy intake to meet the needs of training and carbohydrate intake sufficient to maintain glycogen stores (>7 g carbohydrate·kg^?1·day^?1 for women; >8 g carbohydrate·kg^?1·day^?1 for men) are important. Dietary protein intake for top sport athletes should include some foods with high biological value, with a maximum requirement of approximately 1.7 g·kg^?1·day^?1 being easily met with an energy sufficient diet. The early provision of carbohydrate (>1 g·kg^?1) and protein (>10 g) early after an exercise session will enhance protein balance and optimize glycogen repletion. Creatine monohydrate supplementation over several days increases body mass through water retention and can increase high-intensity repetitive ergometer performance. Creatine supplementation can enhance total body and lean fat free mass gains during resistance exercise training; however, strength gains do not appear to be enhanced versus an optimal nutritional strategy (immediate post-exercise protein and carbohydrate). Some studies have suggested that β-OH-methyl butyric acid (β-HMB) can enhance gains made through resistance exercise training; however, it has not been compared “head to head” with optimal nutritional practices. Overall, the most effective way to increase strength and bulk is to perform sport-specific resistance exercise training with the provision of adequate energy, carbohydrate, and protein. Creatine monohydrate and β-HMB supplementation may enhance the strength gains made through training by a small margin but the trade-off is likely to be greater bulk, which may be ergolytic for any athlete participating in a weight-supported activity.     

Analysis of the training load during a hypertrophy-type resistance training programme in men and women

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the specific training load during a resistance training (RT) programme designed to increase muscular hypertrophy in men and women. Thirty-four women (22.7 ± 4.1 years, 58.8 ± 11.9 kg, 162.6 ± 6.2 cm and 22.1 ± 3.6 kg.m^?2) and 30 men (22.7 ± 4.4 years, 68.4 ± 9.0 kg, 174.5 ± 6.6 cm and 22.5 ± 2.4 kg.m^?2) underwent a supervised RT programme that was divided into two phases of 8 weeks each. Training consisted of 10–12 exercises performed with three sets of 8–12 repetitions at repetition maximum resistances performed 3 times per week on nonconsecutive days. There was a significant (P < 0.05) main effect for gender by time interaction for average training load of all the exercises performed in the first 8 weeks of RT with women showing a higher relative increase than men (+43.6% vs. +32.5%, respectively). This result was not observed during the second 8-week phase of the RT programme during which no significant gender by time interaction (P > 0.05) was shown with both genders having a similar relative increase (+28.7% vs. +24.3%, respectively). Women had a higher increase than men in specific average training load of the upper limb exercises during both the first 8 weeks of training (+30.2% vs. +26.6%, respectively) and the second 8 weeks of training (+31.1% vs. +25.3%, respectively). We conclude that the adaptation in specific training load is influenced by gender.