基于C2B的WEEE网络回收系统利益相关者关系研究

废弃电器电子产品(WEEE)回收商业模式和渠道创新是解决WEEE高增长性、高危害性和高价值性的关键,而厘清其利益相关者结构关系是进行回收系统协调和治理的核心。针对我国近年来出现的一种基于C2B的WEEE网络回收新型渠道的实际运行情况,依据利益相关者理论,在对WEEE网络回收处理运作系统分析基础上绘制利益相关者图谱,并逐一分析各利益主体在系统中承担的责任;然后构建利益相关者层级模型,划分主次关系,剖析平台运营商、环保处理企业和政府等5个主要利益相关者的多级利益要求;再结合"香蕉皮"和"爱回收"两种典型模式总结我国WEEE网络回收系统中存在的矛盾,提出各利益主体在今后发展中的角色定位与利益协调策略,对解决我国WEEE回收问题、促进可持续发展具有现实意义。     

Common elements of capstone projects in the world's top-ranked engineering universities

‘Capstone’ is a metaphor used to describe a final achievement that builds upon previous works and encapsulates them. Capstone projects are included in engineering curricula to integrate multi-disciplinary subjects and teach professional skills that are difficult to impart in a traditional lectured course. Since these projects serve to transition students into professional engineers, they have a direct impact on a university's industry reputation and ranking. Therefore, it is worthwhile to study the capstone programmes implemented at the world's top-ranked engineering universities to discover common elements which characterise them. In this paper, common elements of the capstone programmes implemented in mechanical and aerospace engineering undergraduate programmes in the world's top-ranked engineering universities are identified and analysed to determine established best practices. These practices can be modelled and applied to the pedagogy of engineering programmes at universities around the world to improve the development of professional skills of future graduates.     

日本高考形式的多样化改革及其启示

日本通过20世纪80年代以来的高考改革,在一定程度上改变了学历社会主导下只问分数忽视个性的弊端,使高考制度从分数本位走向人才本位,从单一性走向多样化。本文以80年代以来日本实施的高考形式的多样化改革为分析对象,从扩大考试的组织主体、考试次数的复数化与选拔方式的多样化三个层面阐析其具体实践,从中看到政府、高校、考生和家长、中学四个利益主体之间利益平衡的变化,并从四个方面探析可资我国借鉴之处。     

Book Review

Out of considerations as to the importance of university relationships with their various stakeholders, the primary objective of this research project was to identify the perceptions of academic journal editors regarding universities. Editors were asked to provide their perceptions on: (a) the relevance of universities to academic publications; (b) the mutual influence between universities and academic journals; and (c) the participation of editors in universities. Following initial exploratory research, we applied an online questionnaire and received a total of 276 responses from editors of indexed publications, enabling analysis of their perceptions. Despite editors recognizing the influence of universities on academic and scientific communities, our findings point to universities having failed in proactively reaching out to editors, especially surprising given the vast experience held by such figures. A better relationship might serve to enhance the university image and generate new opportunities for attracting resources.     

Stakeholder relationships in higher education

The purpose of this study is to develop a stakeholder map to describe the most important stakeholders and the process of stakeholder relationships in higher education. According to the perspective of the balanced scorecard, the classification of stakeholders integrates stakeholders into strategic management. Stakeholder maps are essential in quality assurance, because higher education institutions must identify the most important stakeholders to collect feedback from the stakeholder relationships and improve their processes. This study describes stakeholder collaboration using the process flow of stakeholder relationships. The results of the study can be used in quality audits to describe how stakeholders are involved in a meaningful manner in the development of activities.     

利益相关者视角下论社会责任中劳动关系的现实意义

本文从劳动经济的角度出发,在利益相关者理论基础上建立企业社会责任的分析框架,力求比较系统地阐述企业社会责任问题。而就现在中国企业对企业社会责任的理解只是单纯的局限于慈善活动或产品质量,对劳动者权益依然抱着漠视的态度进而损害其他利益相关者的权益,这从根本上阻碍了企业长远发展和社会和谐。本文以利益相关者理论为切入点,重点分析企业承担社会责任,尤其是在建立与劳动者的和谐劳动关系、维护劳动权益方面有所作为,将对企业其他利益相关者、对企业长远发展产生的影响,并在此基础上对我国构建有序的企业社会责任体系以推动企业发展提出建议。     

什么是好的教育政策执行效果的评估

教育政策执行效果的评估是教育政策活动乃至教育系统有序运行的基本保障。好的教育政策执行效果的评估,不仅是教育政策目标实现的根本途径,也是强化教育政策操作与执行力度的重要措施,而且是"再造教育政策"或"生产新的教育政策"的基本依据。教育政策执行效果的评估是评估主体依据一定的价值标准,运用特定的方式方法,对教育政策执行活动作用于政策目标领域内的社会系统要素的影响变化进行事实描述与价值审判,并反馈于政策循环的活动,具有涉及复杂的利益相关者、目标模糊且广泛、过程不稳定与不确定并存、方法具有局限性、结果具有反馈性等特征。当前我国教育政策执行效果的评估存在着理论研究匮乏滞后、评估视域困守于实证范式、评估方法与技术单一、评估活动要素专业性有待提升、评估结果的反馈利用低效等问题。基于此,好的教育政策执行效果的评估需要从评估标准坚持事实与价值相统一、指标体系兼顾要素多元与联动协调、评估方法与技术切实可行、评估结果分析说理与反馈应用并重等方面重构分析框架,从而使教育政策执行实践中的政策虚置、政策悬置、政策失灵等现象尽量少出现乃至不出现。     

公众“看病难、看病贵”问题的深层原因——基于公立医院社会责任视角的实证研究

实证研究发现:医院发展很快但成本高昂;公立医院高级管理者和医生的贡献与所得不匹配;医务人员在社会责任方面的努力包括信息披露与公众认知差异很大。只有通过明确公立医院的治理结构、突出医生的贡献和权益、增加医院信息透明度以及重视社会责任,才能够让医院进入良性循环,减少公众的抱怨。     

科学数据管理体系的二维视角——《科学数据管理办法》解读

[目的/意义] 对《科学数据管理办法》进行解读，以期为更好地理解和贯彻《科学数据管理办法》，推动我国科学数据管理与共享实践提供参考。[方法/过程] 从数据生命周期和责任相关者二维视角对《科学数据管理办法》进行解读。[结果/结论] 《科学数据管理办法》形成了以数据生命周期为经、以责任相关者为纬的科学数据管理体系，二者相互结合，互为补充，共同构成我国科学数据"国家统筹、各部门与各地区分工负责"的管理体制。     

利益相关者视角下体育进高考的现实困境与路径选择

综合运用文献资料和专家访谈等方法,厘清体育进高考的时代诉求,并借助利益相关者理论辨识体育进高考的利益主体,明晰各方主体的利益诉求,在体教融合背景下,探索体育进高考的可行性路径。研究认为：教育公平困境和操作成本增加的双重考量、服务成本激增和激励效应缺失的现实羁绊、 学业压力加剧和学科应试惯性的双重掣肘成为体育进高考的现实阻碍,并提出了助力政策制定主体的科学决策、转嫁政策执行主体的经济压力、缓解目标利益主体的应试焦虑等发展路径。