教育对中国经济增长的影响效应——基于元回归分析方法的分析

基于60篇教育与中国经济增长实证研究中626个回归方程的元分析发现,教育对中国经济增长的作用估计受到不同研究特征的影响。尤其是,"显著效应"的实证结果受到估计方法、教育变量和经济增长变量的设定形式、教育变量的测量指标、样本起始年份、区域和控制变量选择等研究特征的显著影响。使用变量增长率形式、运用工具变量法、使用入学率和教育经费数据估计会降低显著性效应的概率;样本区域覆盖面越小、样本起始年份越早、使用受教育年限数据估计会增加显著性效应的概率。漏斗不对称检验显示样本文献存在显著的正向偏误,即回归结果越显著的研究越有可能被发表。因此,在分析教育对我国经济增长的作用时,必须考虑研究之间的异质性和可能存在的发表偏误。未来应重点关注的是,改进测量和估计方法,通过更严谨的研究设计精确识别教育对我国经济增长的因果效应;结合中国经济发展的阶段特征,分行业和部门讨论教育的作用,同时拓展非线性模型以考察教育的收益递增的外部效应;持续关注对教育质量的监测及其对经济增长的影响,为高质量教育体系的建设提供科学的理论支持。     

基于元分析的中小学校长胜任力模型研究

胜任力模型是中小学校长培训、评价、考核的重要参考依据,笔者综合分析国内外理论和实证研究成果,对中小学校长胜任力卓越模型、基准模型、通用模型的相关概念、内涵、构建方法进行辨析;对我国中小学校长胜任力模型实证研究成果进行全面梳理、甄别和分类,研究对象涉及17个省、自治区、直辖市的中小学校长,样本总量2793人。基于实证研究文献样本,运用元分析方法,从理论上构建我国中小学校长胜任力卓越模型、基准模型、通用模型,为中小学校长选拔、培训等提供理论参考。     

基于元分析的网络强度与企业创新直接效应研究

元分析在文献定量分析与综述中的应用已经越来越广泛,创新主体间网络强度对企业创新的影响关系目前在学术界仍存在争议.基于此,运用元分析方法对近年来国内外关于网络强度与企业创新关系的定量研究(36项研究的7904个独立样本)进行了再统计分析.结果表明,创新主体间网络强度与企业创新存在显著正相关关系(r=0.316),从一般意义上证实了创新主体增强网络强度有利于企业创新.此外,针对前人研究结论所出现的争议,从文化背景、行业或企业特征和创新测量类型三方面进行了探索性分析.研究结论为政府部门决策和企业参与创新网络实践提供了理论支持.     

Contingent Valuation and Cultural Resources: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Literature

Contingent valuation methodology (CVM) has been increasingly applied to cultural resources. CVM employs survey methods to gather stated preference information, which can be used to estimate economic values of various cultural resources and projects. Although popular in other fields, the application of CVM in the cultural arena is relatively recent. This article summarizes this growing body of empirical literature and its range of findings. A meta-analysis gives a statistical view of the ``state of the art' of the literature. This preliminary analysis sheds light on the consistency and validity of the use of this method in cultural applications.     

复合式训练影响青少年下肢爆发力的meta分析

目的：运用元分析的方法检验复合式训练对青少年下肢爆发力影响的干预效果,检验并提出最优的运动干预方案。方法：运用STATA 15.1和Review Manager 5.3对纳入的10篇文献和301名被试者通过设置抗阻类型、抗阻强度、间歇时间、训练频率和训练周期等5个调节变量进行亚组分析,采用固定效应模型进行整体效应、异质性、发表偏倚性检验。结果：（1）复合式训练对跳跃类运动表现的影响效应量d0.36,对短跑类运动表现的影响效应量d-0.51,两者达到中等效应且具有统计学意义;（2）本研究纳入的10篇文献异质性较低,间歇时间、训练频率和训练周期的对跳跃类和短跑类运动表现影响的效应量有一定差别。结论：（1）复合式训练能够显著提升青少年跳跃类和短跑类运动表现;（2）抗阻训练选择等张收缩、强度70%1RM以下、小于3分钟的间歇时间、在4~8周内选择每周1-2次的复合式训练能够对青少年运动表现有较好的提升;（3）围绕青少年人群开展的复合式训练较为缺乏,后续研究应加强理论与实践研究。     

太极拳对下背痛干预效果的元分析

背景:近年来有关太极拳治疗腰痛患者的实验研究不断增多,受限于实验条件的差异,不同的实验的总效果量难以衡量,不同类型的实验也难以横向比较。目的:本研究使用元分析从下背痛患者疼痛程度、腰椎功能两个方面,评价太极拳及其联合治疗对下背痛患者的干预效果。方法:检索了Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、万方4个电子数据库,检索2020年1月13日前发表的所有研究。由两名研究人员独立完成研究检索、研究选择、数据提取以及质量评估。结果:共纳入16项随机对照试验进行meta分析。研究结果显示,对比其他康复治疗,太极拳及其联合治疗可显著减轻患者疼痛程度MD(95%CI)=-1.15[-1.61,-0.69],P<0.00001。提高腰椎功能(MD(95%CI)=-1.38[-1.70,-1.06],P<0.00001)。结论:1、太极拳及其联合治疗减轻患者疼痛程度的效果显著优于其他康复方案;亚组分析表明,太极拳治疗腰椎间盘突出的效应量大于腰肌劳损与非特异性下背痛。2、对比核心稳定性训练,太极拳提高下背痛患者功能的效果显著。     

Multivariate Meta-Analysis as Structural Equation Models

Multivariate meta-analysis has become increasingly popular in the educational, social, and medical sciences. It is because the outcome measures in a meta-analysis can involve more than one effect size. This article proposes 2 mathematically equivalent models to implement multivariate meta-analysis in structural equation modeling (SEM). Specifically, this article shows how multivariate fixed-, random- and mixed-effects meta-analyses can be formulated as structural equation models. metaSEM (a free R package based on OpenMx) and Mplus are used to implement the proposed procedures. A real data set is used to illustrate the procedures. Formulating multivariate meta-analysis as structural equation models provides many new research opportunities for methodological development in both meta-analysis and SEM. Issues related to and extensions on the SEM-based meta-analysis are discussed.     

混合现实技术对学生学习绩效的影响研究 ——基于33项实验与准实验的元分析

混合现实(MR)作为虚拟现实(VR)和增强现实(AR)的高级发展阶段,以沉浸式、跨时空、强交互等特点在教育教学中得到广泛应用.但对国内外文献分析发现,学界对混合现实技术的教学应用效果仍有分歧,对学生学习绩效的影响研究存在较大差异.为探究混合现实技术对学生学习绩效的影响,研究采用元分析方法,对2010-2020年间国内外...     

Application of network meta-analysis in the field of physical activity and health promotion

Continued advancement in the field of physical activity and health promotion relies heavily on the synthesis of rigorous scientific evidence. As such, systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have led to a better understanding of which intervention strategies are superior (i.e., produce the greatest effects) in physical activity-based health behavior change interventions. Indeed, standard meta-analytic approaches have allowed researchers in the field to synthesize relevant experimental evidence using pairwise procedures that produce reliable estimates of the homogeneity, magnitude, and potential biases in the observed effects. However, pairwise meta-analytic procedures are only capable to discerning differences in effects between a select intervention strategy and a select comparison or control condition. In order to maximize the impact of physical activity interventions on health-related outcomes, it is necessary to establish evidence concerning the comparative efficacy of all relevant physical activity intervention strategies. The development of network meta-analysis (NMA)—most commonly used in medical-based clinical trials—has allowed for the quantification of indirect comparisons, even in the absence of direct, head-to-head trials. Thus, it stands to reason that NMA can be applied in physical activity and health promotion research to identify the best intervention strategies. Given that this analysis technique is novel and largely unexplored in the field of physical activity and health promotion, care must be taken in its application to ensure reliable estimates and discernment of the effect sizes among interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to comment on the potential application and importance of NMA in the field of physical activity and health promotion, describe how to properly and effectively apply this technique, and suggest important considerations for its appropriate application in this field. In this paper, overviews of the foundations of NMA and commonly used approaches for conducting NMA are provided, followed by assumptions related to NMA, opportunities and challenges in NMA, and a step-by-step example of developing and conducting an NMA.     

儿童焦虑与父母教养方式关系的调节变量研究

研究综合了来自中国大陆18570名3-12岁儿童的焦虑与父母教养方式相关的30项研究的数据,通过元分析的方法考查了二者相关的强度,并分析影响相关强度的因素。从总体上来说,儿童焦虑与父母教养方式存在弱相关;父母教养方式类型、儿童年龄、父母性别会对二者关系产生调节作用。建议在教养儿童过程中要采用正向的教养方式,要给予年幼儿童充分的独立自主的权利和自由,鼓励父亲参与教养,这有利于降低儿童的焦虑水平。