人工智能背景下的课程与教学范式转变

当前人工智能技术已经渗透到了教育领域的诸多方面,并引发了学生学习、课程与教学的系统变革。在人工智能背景下,深度学习、个性化学习、自适应学习、人机协同学习逐渐成为主流的学习方式,学习方式的变革直接推动了课程与教学范式的转变。就课程而言,课程的技术性范式越来越突出,藉由人工智能等技术的帮助,在课程取向上,更加注重不同学科之间的交叉及融合;在课程形态上,开始由静态、纸质、单一性到动态、在线和网络化的转变;在课程内容上,逐渐从一种固定、统一、有限转向了私人定制、无限和开放;就教学而言,在教学目标上,更加注重学生软技能(Soft Skills)和核心素养的培养;在教学方式上,开始聚焦于新技术、新媒介的融合和应用;在教学内容上,转向了对人工智能等新兴领域的关注和教授;在教学评价上,更加注重评价的过程性、精准性、数据化和个性化,等等。基于人工智能的时代背景考量,未来的课程与教学宜重点把握以下几点方向:重点关注可持续发展教育;注重对学生创造力、沟通、合作以及批判性思考等核心素养的培养;着力提升学生的“人工智能素养”教育;加强全人教育以及课程与教学的人文主义关怀。

Curriculum and Teaching Paradigm Shift in the Context of Artificial Intelligence

At present,artificial intelligence technology has penetrated into many aspects of education,and has triggered a systematic change in student learning,curriculum and teaching.In the context of artificial intelligence,deep learning,personalized learning,adaptive learning,and human-machine collaborative learning have gradually become the mainstream learning methods.The change of learning style has directly promoted the transformation of curriculum and teaching paradigm.As far as the curriculum is concerned,the technical paradigm of the curriculum has become more and more prominent.With the help of artificial intelligence and other technologies,in the orientation of the curriculum,more attention is paid to the intersection and integration of different disciplines;in the form of the curriculum,the transition from static,paper,unity to dynamic,online and networked;In the content of the course,it gradually shifted from a fixed,unified,limited to private customization,unlimited and open;as far as teaching is concerned,in terms of teaching goals,more emphasis is placed on the cultivation of students'soft skills and core literacy;in the teaching method On the integration and application of new technologies and new media;in teaching content,he turned to the attention and teaching of emerging areas such as artificial intelligence;in teaching evaluation,he paid more attention to the process,accuracy and data of evaluation And personalization,etc.Based on the background of artificial intelligence,the future curriculum and teaching should focus on the following directions:focus on sustainable development education;focus on the cultivation of core literacy such as students'creativity,communication,cooperation and critical thinking;“Artificial Intelligence Literacy”education;strengthening human education and humanistic care in curriculum and teaching.