新课标下语文教师专业成长方向转变的必要性

新课标对语文课程性质以及学生培养目标的重新界定,课标教材在编写内容、形式上的变化,学生研究性学习方式的推行,促使教师以一种新的角度思考自己的角色,从而调整自己的专业成长方向,学者化应当成为新课标下语文教师努力的目标。     

大连市经济增长生产要素贡献率的实证分析

生产要素贡献率是衡量一个地区经济发展水平及未来发展方向的重要指标。通过建立计量经济学模型,运用回归法测算大连经济增长的资本产出弹性和劳动产出弹性。并在此基础上对大连生产要素的贡献率进行实证分析,找出目前推动大连经济增长的重要因素和制约条件。并以此为依据,提出某些大连发展的对策性建议。     

向死而生的狂欢——对杨昭中篇小说《日蚀》的深度解读

以《日蚀》为标本,解析杨昭小说写作思想的根源,透视"新现实主义"在新世纪文坛视域下的拓展维度,从而再次观照中国继鲁迅以来对国民性探索的当下性创作。     

中华人民共和国人身损害国家赔偿计算标准之探讨——“国家上年度职工日平均工资”的“上年度”之意涵

本文对实务和理论中形成的对《国家赔偿法》中＂上年度国家职工日平均工资＂的＂上年度＂的两种见解,违法行为时上年度说和赔偿决定时上年度说分别进行了比较考察,认为虽然前者存在能够凸显国家赔偿与违法行为之间的因果关系,赔偿标准具有确定性、相对公平性、使受害人获得及时赔偿的优点,违法行为说比前说具有更好地促进依法行政、保障公民权利的优点,但若细究则可以发现上述观点均不能成立,二者均具有语义不明确、不利于公民权利保障的致命弱点。基于此并进一步提出改革国家赔偿标准的建议。     

低负荷加压训练改善自发性高血压大鼠的血压效果及机制研究

目的:探究低负荷加压训练对自发性高血压大鼠的降压效果及其作用机制。方法:选取4周龄雄性自发性高血压大鼠,随机分为对照组(高血压安静组)、低负荷训练组、低负荷加压训练组和高负荷训练组。低负荷训练组进行35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,低负荷加压训练组进行30%~40%血流受限结合35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,高负荷训练组进行55%~75%1RM递进式高负荷爬梯训练,训练后测定血压、血液中内皮素-1、血管内皮生长因子、一氧化氮合成酶的表达和心肌组织中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶的表达。结果:1)与对照组、高负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组收缩压、舒张压显著下降(P<0.05);与低负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组舒张压显著下降(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组血液中内皮素-1表达显著下调(P<0.05),血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);3)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);4)在低负荷加压训练组中,收缩压与内皮素-1呈正相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05);收缩压与一氧化氮合成酶、血管内皮生长因子、内皮型一氧化氮合成酶均呈负相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:1)低负荷加压训练降压效果优于高负荷训练;2)低负荷加压训练能够通过下调血液中内皮素-1的表达,上调血液中血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶的表达,同时上调心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达,改善内皮细胞功能,达到降压的效果。     

A meaning-making model of post-migration growth for mainland Chinese university students in Hong Kong

Studies of stress-related growth have demonstrated the central role of meaning-making processes in the occurrence of growth following stressful life experiences, but few have examined its role in the context of acculturation. This study developed and tested a meaning-making model of post-migration growth using bootstrap-based mediation analysis with a sample of 489 mainland Chinese university students in Hong Kong. The data were collected through an online cross-sectional survey. The results showed that acculturative stressor was a significant risk factor and that sense-making coping and core belief re-examination acted as significant protective factors for post-migration growth. Sense-making coping and core belief re-examination, in sequence, partially mediated the relationship between acculturative stressor and post-migration growth. This model demonstrates the importance of the cognitive processing of meaning-making in Chinese students’ post-migration growth.     

In defence of white privilege: physical education teachers’ understandings of their work in culturally diverse schools

Research suggests that physical education (PE) in Western countries is not providing equitable experiences for non-white students. Responsibility for shortcomings has often been ascribed to white PE teachers. Scholars have claimed that teachers lack cultural competence and know little about how physical cultures or health are understood by the young people with whom they work. The objective of this investigation was to investigate this claim and generate an understanding of how white PE teachers in a culturally diverse high school make sense of their work with non-white students. Data with three Swedish teachers of varying experience were produced using semi-structured interviewing. A series of school visits provided a complementary line of data. Four themes emerged from the data. These related to: (1) differences between white and non-white values; (2) the knowledge and dispositions necessary for success in PE; (3) the broad purpose of PE, and; (4) the differences between boys’ and girls’ experiences of PE. Data were interpreted using a Critical Race Theory (CRT) perspective, with the notion of ‘whiteness’ providing a specific analytic concept. The general thesis developed in the second part of the paper is that problems result not from insensitivity or incompetence but from discourses of whiteness in which many teachers live and work. By building on critical research both in general education and physical education literature and by utilizing whiteness as an analytical concept, the investigation shows how three PE teachers draw extensively on the racial discourse of whiteness and how this disadvantages non-white students. The paper is concluded with a consideration of how racial disadvantage could be challenged or disrupted.     

Influence of upright versus time trial cycling position on determination of critical power and W′ in trained cyclists

Body position is known to alter power production and affect cycling performance. The aim of this study was to compare mechanical power output in two riding positions, and to calculate the effects on critical power (CP) and W′ estimates. Seven trained cyclists completed three peak power output efforts and three fixed-duration trial (3-, 5- and 12-min) riding with their hands on the brake lever hoods (BLH), or in a time trial position (TTP). A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that mean power output during the 5-min trial was significantly different between BLH and TTP positions, resulting in a significantly lower estimate of CP, but not W′, for the TTP trial. In addition, TTP decreased the performance during each trial and increased the percentage difference between BLH and TTP with greater trial duration. There were no differences in pedal cadence or heart rate during the 3-min trial; however, TTP results for the 12-min trial showed a significant fall in pedal cadence and a significant rise in heart rate. The findings suggest that cycling position affects power output and influences consequent CP values. Therefore, cyclists and coaches should consider the cycling position used when calculating CP.     

我国工业企业技术进步的随机前沿模型分析

本文运用我国大中型工业企业1995-2002年期间的年度企业数据,在随机前沿生产函数模型分析框架内系统地研究了37个两位数工业行业的前沿技术进步(FTP)。本文发现:(一)前沿技术进步已经成为工业增长方式转变的核心推动力,1996-2002年大中型工业前沿技术进步平均贡献率高达14个百分点,对经济增长的贡献逐年提高;(二)本文归纳了前沿技术进步的四大驱动力:行业竞争、全球化及外商投资、企业产权改革以及经济周期扩张的大环境;(三)通过技术进步贡献率对企业的制度及行业经营环境等因素的回归分析发现:国有企业在技术进步中的作用不可忽略;大型企业的技术进步显著高于小企业;欠发达地区的技术进步速度高于发达地区;开放、竞争性行业的技术进步远远高于垄断性行业。因此,本文认为深化企业产权改革、加强资本市场建设、打破行业垄断、促进行业有序竞争是中国工业增长模式转变的惟一途径。     

中国东部地区三大都市圈人口迁移与经济增长极化研究

根据增长极理论,在考察改革开放以来中国东部地区三大都市圈(省际)人口迁移特征的基础上,分析人口迁移对三大都市圈经济增长极化的作用关系,可以发现:人口向三大都市圈的迁移集中促进了其经济的增长极化;受日趋活跃的人口迁移影响,20世纪80年代中期以来三大都市圈经济的增长极化曲线呈单调上升二次函数增长趋势,显示其已进入一个新的加速成长和发展阶段.但目前人口迁入重心已明显由北南移,三大都市圈人口净迁移流场分布模式也已逐步由"三极"集中向相对"一极"化模式转变.我们应改变这种趋势,以形成东部地区三大都市圈"三极"并存、相互促进的都市圈空间发展模式.