奖励旅游——现代企业员工激励的新方式

介绍了奖励旅游的概念及基本内涵,从激励理论的发展角度来论述奖励旅游作为激励员工的一种新方法之必然性,阐述了奖励旅游作为员工激励方法的可行性和优越性,并分析了奖励旅游在我国的发展现状和发展前景。     

基本心理需要与运动员心理疲劳:自我决定理论的视角

从自我决定理论(DECI&RYAN,1985)角度解释运动员心理疲劳得到了越来越多的关注,基本心理需要理论是自我决定理论的基础。以基本心理需要与运动员心理疲劳的关系为主线,论述自我决定理论对运动员心理疲劳的解释,发现基本心理需要与心理疲劳呈负相关关系。动机是自我决定理论中不可忽略的因素,有研究指出,自我决定动机中介基本心理需要对心理疲劳的影响(LONSDALE,HODGE&ROSE,2009)。因此,阐述了以基本心理需要为基础的自我决定动机与运动员心理疲劳的关系,横向来看,高自我决定程度的动机与心理疲劳呈负相关,低自我决定程度的动机与心理疲劳呈正相关;纵向研究结果发现,动机的自我决定程度可预测心理疲劳。同时认为,从自我决定理论角度出发可以为运动员心理疲劳领域干预性研究提供思路。     

我国优秀残疾投掷运动员运动训练主观动因研究

采用问卷调查法对选拔参加残奥会国家队冬训及部分春训的运动员进行调查,并就优秀残疾投运动员多年训练的主要动机进行了分析。结论是:1.我国优秀残疾投掷运动员坚持多年运动训练的因素既有对项目的热爱、对自尊和社会尊重的要求,同时也受生活压力因素的影响。2.男女运动员均表现出强身健体的训练动机。3.男运动员更看重运动训练的内部回报,女运动员则看重训练的外部奖励。4.男运动员注意运动训练的长远回报,女运动员看重运动训练带来的眼前利益。5.男运动员渴望通过训练及成绩得到社会认可,女运动员则更看重自我肯定的价值。     

Effect of warm-up exercise on delayed-onset muscle soreness

Abstract

In this study, we wished to determine whether a warm-up exercise consisting of 100 submaximal concentric contractions would attenuate delayed-onset muscle soreness and decreases in muscle strength associated with eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. Ten male students performed two bouts of an elbow flexor exercise consisting of 12 maximal eccentric contractions with a warm-up exercise for one arm (warm-up) and without warm-up for the other arm (control) in a randomized, counterbalanced order separated by 4 weeks. Muscle temperature of the biceps brachii prior to the exercise was compared between the arms, and muscle activity of the biceps brachii during the exercise was assessed by surface integral electromyogram (iEMG). Changes in visual analogue scale for muscle soreness and maximal voluntary isometric contraction strength (MVC) of the elbow flexors were assessed before, immediately after, and every 24 h for 5 days following exercise, and compared between the warm-up and control conditions by a two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. The pre-exercise biceps brachii muscle temperature was significantly (P<0.01) higher for the warm-up (35.8±0.2°C) than the control condition (34.4±0.2°C), but no significant differences in iEMG and torque produced during exercise were evident between conditions. Changes in muscle soreness and MVC were not significantly different between conditions, although these variables showed significant (P<0.05) changes over time. It was concluded that the warm-up exercise was not effective in mitigating delayed-onset muscle soreness and loss of muscle strength following maximal eccentric exercise.     

Tutors’ influence on distance language students’ learning motivation: voices from learners and tutors

Teachers’ influence on students’ learning motivation is a well-researched topic. Nevertheless, the majority of such studies are situated in the conventional learning context despite the rapid growth of distance language learning. This study set out to investigate tutors’ influence on students’ learning motivation in the Chinese distance language learning context. It attempted to gain a balanced picture of the issue under study by taking both student and tutor views into account. Findings from this study indicate that teaching competence, personal characteristics, subject matter expertise, and tutor–student relationship were four tutor-related factors which affected students’ learning motivation, reinforcing results of previous studies. Nevertheless, mismatches were found between students and tutors in relation to the influence of particular aspects of teaching competence, personal characteristics, and subject matter expertise. Implications from the study are considered in this article.     

青岛隆基汇源基坑冻结法支护方案分析

在青岛隆基汇源基坑的支护中,遇到了传统的基坑支护方案难以解决的问题.这种情况下,考虑到了应用冻结法施工的可能,对应用冻结法支护方案进行支护的可行性作了分析,介绍了冻结法的原理、特点,冻结壁的设计、施工工序、主要技术参数等.     

休闲体育消费动机对行为意愿的影响:休闲涉入与体验质量的双重中介效应

为深入探究消费动机对休闲体育消费行为意愿的影响,以及休闲涉入、体验质量在此过程中的双重中介效应,采用文献资料、因子分析、结构方程等方法,构建了休闲体育消费结构方程模型。实证检验结果显示,消费动机、休闲涉入、体验质量对休闲体育消费行为意愿具有显著的正向影响,休闲涉入、体验价值在消费动机对行为意愿的影响过程具有双重中介效应。研究证实,休闲体育消费行为意愿生成受多重要素驱动,为充分发挥消费动机的直接效应及休闲涉入、体验质量的双重中介作用,应从适度引导消费动机、加深休闲涉入程度、增强体验质量感知等层面,提出休闲体育消费优化方案,为有效满足民生需要、推动休闲体育消费业态健康发展提供理论支撑与现实指导。     

激发学习动机提高英语教学效果

学习动机在英语教学活动中起着重大作用，本文通过阐述学习动机的概念和类型，学习动机的作用以及影响因素，探讨了如何激发和培养英语学习动机，提高英语教学效果的方法。     

对体育院系网球专修学生学习动机与兴趣培养的分析

本文从网球教学这一客观影响因素出发,采用文献资料法,观察法,访谈法,数理统计法和问卷调查法,对“学生对网球运动的学习动机”和“最能促进学生对网球运动产生学习兴趣的因素”进行调查,通过对调查结果的统计与分析,得出上述两项的主要内容和比例,并分析得出激发学生学习动机和培养学习兴趣的对策,为提高体育院系的网球教学质量提供理论参考,和可操作性的方法。