武定彝族刺绣《四方八虎图》的文化内涵和美学意义

崇虎,敬虎又惧虎,虎成为某种象征而不是一般意义的动物,嫁家送《四方八虎图》至少可以表明这样几点意义：一是告诉子孙别忘了我们是虎的子孙,虎是我们彝族的“族徽”标识;二是祈求虎——祖先驱邪避祸,保佑子孙成长壮大,这又是一种祖先崇拜的的曲折反映。《四方八虎图》是彝族远古先民图腾崇拜,古老朴素阴阳观的反映,它多层次地反映了彝族独特的审美观和民族文化心态。     

普通高校女子艺术体操教学实践探索

运用文献资料、数理统计、实验法对女子艺术体操教学进行了实践探索.认为:在女子艺术体操教学中,不同的训练强度与训练内容,对学生身体承受负荷的能力以及身体素质的提高,将产生不同影响.     

Acrosin activity in spermatozoa of infertile Nigerian males

The objective of this study was to evaluate acrosin activity in spermatozoa of infertile Nigerian men and to compare with those of the fertile men. The acrosin activity was evaluated using the Acroscreen reagent kit. The acrosin activity of the fertile men was 40.7±5.2 mIU/10⁶ sperm (range 30.1–51.3) and those of the infertile men was 22.4±8.33 mIU/10⁶ sperm (range 5.7–39.1). The difference in the mean was statistically significant (P<0.001). There was a subpopulation of the infertile men who had their acrosin activity within normal range of the fertile men, 32.9±1.57 mIU/10⁶ sperm. But the difference in the mean was statistically significant (P<0.001). Acrosin activity decreased with increased morphological changes in the spermatozoa. It is concluded that acrosin activity in the infertile Nigerian men is significantly lower than that in the fertile men. Acrosin activity may also be affected by morphological changes in the spermatozoa.     

湖南省竞技体操教练员队伍现状与发展对策研究

湖南省竞技体操在我国处于优势地位,这种优势地位的建立与教练员的执教水平是息息相关的。采用问卷调查、专家访问等研究方法,从教练员的基本情况、能力结构和影响教练员队伍发展的因素三方面对湖南省竞技体操教练员的现状进行深入研究,可发现存在的问题并采取相应的对策。     

密苏里同伴关系问卷在中国未成年犯中的信效度检验

采用分层随机抽样原则对257名男性未成年犯进行问卷调查,结果表明：修订后的问卷只包括因素一情感维系度和因素二攻击性,总的信度为0.7351。验证性因素分析的结果为χ2/df=4.42,NFI=0.81,CFI=0.86,RSMEA=0.00。中文版的《密苏里同伴关系问卷》有良好的信度和效度,可用于未成年人犯罪同伴关系的研究。     

How gender is constructed and experienced in the social world of the nursery school

This case study attempts to capture the way gender is constructed and experienced in the social world of the nursery school. It presents findings from a staff survey, structured and unstructured observations of one male’s and one female’s professional practice and one-to-one interviews with children aged three to four years. Despite practitioners’ reported intentions to challenge traditional notions of gender, construction of traditional gender distinctions was not problematised by staff and was upheld by comments of children. Children appeared to construct themselves in terms of gender stereotypes and were offered only limited alternative gender positions by the male and female practitioners.     

顺应与重塑:我国校园体操发展的生态适应与主动转型

新中国成立以来我国校园体操发展的价值理念、存在样态与治理实践发生了重大变革与结构转型。价值理念从工具理性的健康诉求上升到了价值理性的生命育化,践行了从强体卫国到重技荣国,身心之育到生命之育的目标转向与效用升级,内蕴有对学校体育崇高使命与体操事业发展的不懈追求。存在样态践履了技术传承到活动育人的过程延伸,既有前期继承发展到本土创新的结构异化,亦有期待从内容分散到系统规划的量质协调发展,大致表现为外部引入为拓展,本土适应为创新的总体特征。治理实践历经了高度集权的行政依附到参与分权的责能转移,推动了治理主体由“同构”多元向“自主”多元的关系转变。长远来看,我国校园体操的发展要走出狭隘理论认知与实践表达的误区,基于对个体健康成长与全面发展的理念,系统规划校园体操的学—练—赛,以及平衡治理主体之间的契约合作关系,以推动校园大众性体操之扩基与竞技性体操之强基的量质协调与融合发展。     

竞技健美操提臀类与分切类难度动作的运动学对比研究

高分值难度动作的选编是竞技健美操比赛运动员获胜的根本。作为难度组合的常用动作,提臀类与分切类难度动作在国际高水平赛事中选用甚多,两类动作技术的掌握对于运动员成套编排和训练以及难度分值的提升尤为重要。以高分值难度A207与A220为例,对提臀类与分切类难度动作进行运动学对比研究.比赛中两个难度区分度较低,容易混淆,A220较A207更具竞争力,但A220难度技术复杂,失误率较大。运用Qualisys红外光点高速运动捕捉系统,深层次剖析A220与A207每个动作阶段的运动学特征。研究结果表明:1)以背阔肌为主导的肩关节稳定性是提臀类和分切类难度动作推起腾空的基础。2)分切类难度肩关节高度高于髋关节,左右髋关节角度变化差异较提臀类难度动作更大。3)A207与A220两个动作总体用时无显著性差异,身体重心Z轴位移变化趋势无明显差异。4)腾起高度是运动员高质量完成提臀类与分切类难度动作的基本条件。     

客赣方言"名词+雌/雄语素"结构不表雌雄现象探析

“名词语素 雌/雄语素”却不构成表雌雄性别的名词,这一现象在客赣方言里普遍存在。究其原因,这些雌雄语素本来自于指人的名词,有实词意义,与名词语素组合为新词后,起初仍保留实词意义,后来逐渐虚化为标志性语素了。这类词语从一开始并不表示雌雄,但是命名之初,雌雄语素的选择体现了人们把性别意识迁移于其他事物的特殊文化心理。     

Sex differences in elbow and wrist joint loading during the cartwheel and round off with different hand positions performed by young gymnasts

The aim of the study was to determine if sex differences exist in the key elbow and wrist joint injury risk factors during different cartwheel (CW) and round-off (RO) techniques performed by young male and female artistic gymnasts. Sixteen active young gymnasts (8 males and 8 females) performed 30 successful trials of CW and RO with three different hand positions (parallel (10), T-shape (10) and reverse (10)). Synchronised kinematic and kinetic data were collected for each trial. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA (3 × 2, technique × sex) and effect-sizes (ES) were used for statistical analysis. In conclusion, female gymnasts exhibited greater normalised peak vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF), elbow and wrist compression forces and elbow internal adduction moments during CW and RO skills compared with male gymnasts. In both sexes, the parallel and reverse techniques increased peak VGRF, elbow and wrist compression forces and the elbow internal adduction moment. Increased elbow flexion resulted in decreased peak VGRF, elbow compression forces and elbow internal adduction moment. Injury risk factors including elbow extension and internal adduction moment with axial compression force suggest that a CW and RO in reverse and parallel techniques can be hazardous especially for young female gymnasts.