尼采：一个快乐主义者的悲剧观

尼采认为形而上学设定了一个彼岸世界对此岸世界进行诽谤，因而形而上学的历史就是悲观主义的发展史。基于一种力的感性学尼采认为自己是唯一的快乐主义者，快乐的前提是要对于生命有一种悲剧意识：英雄人物的毁灭给我们带来灵魂的狂喜。悲剧肯定了一种“美学形而上学”，这也是理解“同一者的永恒轮回”的关健。

Nietzsche and His Optimist's View of Tragedy

Nietzsche holds that the history of metaphysics is also the history of pessimism,because the metaphysicians in another world postulated by Nietzsche slander our temporal world.Based on a kind of aesthetic power,Nietzsche thinks he is the only optimist.Owning a tragical consciousness is the precondition of optimism,as the annihilation of a hero can bring us a psychical ecstasy.The tragedy affirms a kind of aesthetic metaphysics and that is the key to understand the theory of "the eternal recurrence of the same".