阴阳学说在太极拳中的应用

作为中国传统文化的典型代表,太极拳在我国传统武术中也占有非常重要的地位.太极拳在逐步发展的过程中,我国的传统哲学思想阴阳学说在太极拳的盘架、拳理等方面都产生了深刻的影响和指导作用.文章就是在对太极拳中阴阳学说的使用进行了研究.中国古代哲学思想阴阳学说是解释世界万物的基本规律相互对立统一且是物质的.太极拳的一招一式中无不体现着这一哲学道理.例如虚实、刚柔开合、动静等.所以太极拳任何一个动作的变化都是一种阴与阳的转换,可见阴阳学说在太极拳中有着极其重要的作用.     

试论中国古代儒道家哲学思想对太极拳的影响

太极拳是一种哲拳,它集中国传统哲学之精华,以阴阳对立统一、动静相合、刚柔相济、虚实相生的辩证思想为主线,吸收了儒家的"天人合一"、"中庸之道"、"仁爱礼乐"的哲学思想,并以道家的"道论"、"气论"、"反者道之动"等作为太极拳思想认识论的理论根基和重要原则,共同构建了太极拳文化体系的理论基础。深入研究中国古代哲学思想与太极拳的关系,对弘扬传统体育文化,拓宽太极拳研究领域,构建太极拳体系框架结构具有重要的理论意义。     

传统医学理论对太极拳的指导性研究

传统医学理论与太极拳有着千丝万缕的联系,传统医学和太极拳两者不是相互独立的,而是互相联系相辅相成。太极拳与传统医学的发展是一脉相承的,数千年来,两者在发展的过程中,相互借鉴、相互渗透,不仅使太极拳运动不断普及,也使传统医学理论内容不断丰富,丰富了我国的传统民族文化宝库。在发展的过程中逐渐形成了我们中华民族一笔宝贵的财富。文章采用文献资料法、演绎法等研究方法对太极拳中所蕴含的传统医学理论进行研究,从传统医学理论的整体观、阴阳学说、五行学说、经络学说四个方面论述了太极拳与传统医学理论的内在联系。对弘扬中国传统文化、提高太极拳的价值、丰富太极拳的理论等均有着极其重大的理论意义和实践意义。     

太极拳现代健身价值探析

太极拳是我国民族传统体育项目,是一种用中国古代的阴阳、太极理论来解释拳理而命名的拳术。太极拳保健与养生文化正适应当今社会生命观、健康观的发展趋势,通过分析太极拳的锻炼方法及对人体各系统的健身养生功效,阐述太极拳在现代医学、科学急速发展的过程中作用于人类健康所独有的价值。     

从道家阴阳学说谈太极拳的虚实

阴阳学说最早出现在春秋战国时代,是中国最具特色和代表性的道家哲学思想之一,阴阳理论深深渗透于中国传统文化的各个领域,对太极拳哲学思想理论和技术发展,也产生了极大的影响.文章运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法等研究方法,从道家阴阳学角度对太极拳中的虚实分明、虚实转换进行剖析及总结,旨在丰富太极拳功法理论.     

从中医理论谈太极拳健身

一、中医理论在太极拳中的应用 1.阴阳学说与太极拳。《素问·四时凋神大论》说:“夫四时阴阳者,万物之根本也”。《内经》说:“阴平阳秘,精神乃治”。太极功理首先就运用了这一学说。太极拳预备式要求:“十趾抓地头顶天,舌顶上腭垂两肩,尾闾中正松腰胯,提肛运气扫丹田。”也就是说在练功一开始,     

一、李派太极拳五行捶序论

天人万物是一个整体，同受大自然的普遍规律主宰。这一普遍规律古人称之为“道”。“道”者，道理，规律也。“一阴一阳谓之道”。《内经》云：“阴阳者，天地之道也，物之纲纪，变化之父母，生杀之本始。”可见阴阳及宇宙万物的基本属性，自然界万物的生生化化，无不是阴阳运变的结果。周敦颐在《太极图说》中说：“五行，阴阳也；阴阳，太极也；太极本无极也。”进一步指出五行统一于阴阳，阴阳统一于太极，太极是天地万物之根本。古人主张取象于天，并动用阴阳八卦五行之理探索宇宙万物。故《太极拳论》开篇即说：“太极者，无极而生，动静之机，阴阳之母也。”太极学说是太极拳的重要理论基础和命名的由来。     

从中医理论谈太极拳的保健作用

太极拳是一种柔和、缓慢、轻灵的拳术。它能调节人体的阴阳平衡，调畅气血，舒展筋骨，培养正气，使人体的功能发挥正常，以达到内外调和，预防疾病，抵抗外邪和延年益寿的目的。太极拳练习要求意识引导动作，配合均匀深沉的呼吸，使大自然给予的有益物质，能更多地吸收，促进周身血脉流通，身心舒适，精神焕发。本文运用中医理论谈谈太极拳在保健体育中的作用。一、中医理论在太极拳中的应用１．阴阳学说与太极拳。《素问·四时调神大论》说：“夫四时阴阳者，万物之根本也”。《内经》说：“阴平阳秘，精神乃治”。太极功理首先就运用了这…     

试析阴阳学说在太极拳中的体现

中国古代自然哲学的阴阳学说认为万事都有阴阳之别,一切事物运动变化无不是相互对应的、阴与阳相互作用的结果,并将阴阳变化的规律精炼地称之为"一阴一阳之谓道".而阴阳转换变易正是太极拳的灵魂,阴阳相济是太极拳的指导原则.太极拳中的拳理、拳技及理论无不体现着阴阳学说的精髓.     

综评和兆元创“代理架”和式太极拳“理”之内涵

“代理架”是一代大师和兆元对太极拳的独到诠释,简单明了的三个字,道出了和式太极拳是以理说拳、以拳明理、理技相合、理养结合的理论内涵,一个“理”字表达了和式太极拳的哲学思维,理是什么,理就是太极拳的道理、原理,理就是太极、阴阳、动静,这是万物之理。文章通过对和式太极拳代理架的“理”的分析、探讨,以更深刻地了解代理架“理”之内涵,认识和式太极拳在太极拳发展过程中有着重要的理论贡献,这也是一代大师和兆元对太极拳发展不可抹杀的贡献。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

全国城乡学生体质20年动态分析

基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。     

定向运动对大学生身心健康发展的实践研究

采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

摔跤常见技术动作开始的发力特征研究

采用专门研制的摔跤测力装置,对过胸摔、挟颈背、拉臂转移和滚桥技术动作开始发力的力学特征进行测试分析,结果表明,上述动作开始的发力具有力值大和力的梯度大的特点,均有爆发用力的特征。其中过胸摔和滚桥主要把位发力最大,其总合力和力的梯度也最大。     

按摩器刺激对提高普通高校健美操专选学生柔韧性训练效果的实验研究

柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。     

我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究

采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。