试论我国高技术产业化的道路

高技术产业在我国产业结构中所占的比重很小而且发展缓慢,越来越制约着我国经济的发展和效益的提高。在当今世界高技术产业发展迅猛、竞争激烈的情况下,借鉴国外成功的做法,加速发展我国的高技术产业,走出具有中国特色的高技术产业化道路,已刻不容缓。     

我国高新技术企业知识产权管理现状、问题与对策

世界经济竞争模式已由资本竞争转变为技术竞争,高技术产业成为知识经济的支柱,知识产权管理与保护是发展高技术及其产业化的生命线。本文调查分析了我国高新技术企业知识产权管理的现状与存在的问题,提出提高高新技术企业知识产权管理效益的对策。     

中国知识产权保护对高技术产业竞争力影响的实证研究

根据改进过的GP指标测算我国知识产权保护强度结果显示,我国知识产权保护水平逐年增强。以RCA指数衡量的我国高技术产业竞争力基本呈上升趋势。对知识产权保护与高技术产业竞争力关系的实证研究结果表明:知识产权保护强度与高技术产业竞争力之间具有显著的正向关系,政府的支持力度、R&D经费强度和专利密度与高技术产业竞争力也呈正向关系,而R&D人力强度与高技术产业竞争力呈负向关系。文章最后提出了以知识产权保护提升高技术产业竞争力的政策建议。     

新发展格局下知识产权与中国高技术产业出口

本文通过构建产品竞争框架下的博弈模型,从理论上考察了东道国知识产权保护对高技术产业出口的影响,并选取中国2007—2018年向全球149个国家(地区)的高技术产品出口数据为样本,实证检验东道国知识产权保护对中国高技术产业出口的影响及机制。研究发现：(1)东道国知识产权保护与中国高技术产业出口额呈现显著的倒U型关系,在控制了产品分类、技术领域以及内生性后依然稳健;(2)市场竞争效应是产生倒U型关系的主要原因,随着东道国知识产权保护水平提升,出口数量提高而价格下降,出口额呈现倒U型;(3)专利布局能力提升能够正向调节倒U型关系。本文丰富了知识产权对国际贸易影响的机制研究,为新发展格局下的高技术产业发展政策与知识产权国际合作政策制定提供参考依据。     

基于熵值法-TOPSIS法的高技术产业知识产权保护能力评价研究

结合高技术产业以及知识产权保护的特点,构建包含专利和非专利产出"2维度-7指标"的高技术产业知识产权保护能力评价指标体系,通过熵值法客观确定指标权重,再根据TOPSIS法测度并综合评价2009年-2013年5年间我国高技术产业知识产权能力,并构建评价模型。结果表明,2009年-2013年,我国高技术产业知识产权保护能力呈现增强趋势,但是每年的增强幅度处于逐年递减状态。在此基础上,从政府、企业以及高校三个视角提出提升我国高技术产业知识产权保护能力的建议。     

云南花卉产业知识产权现状及发展对策

我国花卉产业自主知识产权拥有量严重偏低,高技术领域的专利申请和基因资源保护尤为缺乏。云南花卉产业一直保持较快增长速度,技术力量在全国处于中上水平。应对经济全球化和实现跨越式发展的挑战,云南花卉产业必须进一步以市场为导向,提高自主知识产权的创造、占有、保护和运用能力。     

经济全球化背景下我国高技术产业发展的冷思考

在开放经济条件下,产业发展的决定因素与国际贸易的基础有着密切的联系。经济全球化下一国高技术产业的发展可以从它的贸易发展中得到反映。本文在实证分析我国高技术产业国际竞争力的基础上,论述了90年代我国高技术产业发展的外部促进和内部制约因素,继而探讨经济全球化背景下我国高技术产业的发展思路。     

中国高技术产业全球价值链重构研究——基于“中兴被制裁事件”的讨论

近期发生的"中兴被制裁事件"引起了国内外广泛关注。从全球价值链重构视角探索该事件对中美高技术产业的影响,剖析中国高技术产业发展面临的困境;在此基础上,从提升国际分工地位、提高高技术专利强度、强化知识产权应用以及改善国际贸易地位等方面提出中国高技术产业价值链重构政策建议,旨在为中国高技术实现创新发展提供理论支持和决策参考。     

知识产权保护对高技术产业创新效率的影响效应――基于空间计量模型的实证分析

基于2007-2018年中国30个省份的面板数据,运用数据包络分析测度高技术产业创新效率,以改进的GP指数量化知识产权保护程度,采用空间计量模型探究知识产权保护对高技术产业创新效率的影响效应.结果 表明,全国知识产权保护显著促进高技术产业创新效率的提高;东部地区知识产权保护对高技术产业创新效率的直接效应为显著正向影响;中部地区知识产权保护对高技术产业创新效率的直接效应显著为正,间接效应显著为负向;西部地区知识产权保护对高技术产业创新效率的直接效应为负但不显著,间接效应显著为正.结论 对于加强知识产权保护、促进创新效率提升具有启示意义.     

高技术产业发展与传统产业改造

积极发展高技术产业，加快高新技术对传统产业的改造，这是加速我国高技术商品化、产业化和国际化的过程。实现国民经济技术结构、产品结构和产业结构的更新和升级，促进国民经济和社会各领域信息化、现代化。     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Stern-Gerlach effect goes chiral

Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）.