武汉体育学院舞蹈啦啦操队员体能训练存在的问题及对策研究

本研究采用文献资料法、专家访谈法以及录像观察法,对武汉体育学院舞蹈啦啦操队员的体能训练情况进行调查和分析,研究结果表明:武汉体育学院舞蹈啦啦操队思想上对体能训练的认可度偏低、训练热情不高;体能训练没有统一的大纲,训练内容与方法单一;体能训练时间安排较少;体能素质的整体水平不高。在此基础上,本文针对性地提出了相应的对策,以期为提高武汉体育学院舞蹈啦啦操队体能训练水平提供参考。     

高校啦啦操训练中竞赛教学法的实施效果分析

随着时代的进步和科学技术的进步,传统啦啦操训练模式已经不能符合新课程标准,教学方法的改革已成为必然趋势。本文采取资料查阅法、问卷调查法、实验法等研究方式,分析了高校啦啦操运动队训练体系的构建现状,最后对高校啦啦操训练中竞赛教学法的效果进行深刻研究。     

职校舞蹈啦啦操社团构建实践性研究

本文运用文献资料法、访谈法和个案分析法对舞蹈啦啦社团在职业学校的构建进行了实践性研究。研究结果表明:职校舞蹈啦啦操社团的构建,须要切实将以下几个方面的内容落实到位:一是场地,二是人员,三是社团活动内容,四是社团组织形式。本文的研究对促进舞蹈啦啦操社团在职校的普及,丰富职业学校校园文化生活,提升职业学校舞蹈啦啦操的普及程度和竞赛水平有一定的指导作用。     

江苏省职业学校啦啦操运动队训练现状分析

运用文献资料法,调查法和数理统计法对江苏职业学校啦啦操运动队训练现状进行调查研究,皆在找出江苏职业学校啦啦操运动队训练中存在的不足,为职业学校啦啦操教学体育理论支撑奠定基础。     

舞蹈啦啦操运动员柔韧素质训练内容及其方法的研究

柔韧素质是舞蹈啦啦操项目运动员应当具备的基本性身体素质类型之一,制定和实施适当方案,并且选择运用适当方法做好针对舞蹈啦啦操项目运动员的柔韧素质训练工作,对于支持和确保舞蹈啦啦操运动项目在具体发展过程中顺利获取良好效果具备重要意义。本文将会围绕舞蹈啦啦操运动员柔韧素质训练内容及其方法论题,择取3个具体方面展开简要简要阐释。     

基于专项化视角的花球啦啦操训练内容构建与分析

采用专家访谈法、德尔菲法和层次分析法,从专项化视角分析花球啦啦操训练内容。通过对国内外啦啦操领域的专家进行四轮问卷调查,确定花球啦啦操训练内容体系包括舞蹈基础训练、身体能力训练、专项技术训练和综合能力训练4个一级指标,12个二级指标和34个三级指标;花球啦啦操训练特征归纳为舞蹈基础多元化、身体能力全面化、专项技术特征化、综合能力整体化。初级运动技术水平侧重柔性发展和花球技术执行,中级运动技术水平侧重有氧能力训练和团队表演训练,高级运动技术水平侧重专项技术训练的团队协作训练。     

湖南省高校女生公共体育课开设舞蹈啦啦操课程的现状研究

以文献资料法、问卷调查法、统计分析法为主要研究手段,对湖南地区11所高校公共体育课舞蹈啦啦操的开展现状进行了调查研究与分析。结果表明：湖南11所高校公共体育课大部分都没有开设舞蹈啦啦操这项课程;一部分学校开展了舞蹈啦啦操这项运动,但开展的时间过短,普及程度不高;缺少专业的教练人才,很多教练都是健美操教练或体操教练,导致学校公共体育课舞蹈啦啦操没有真正普及开来;舞蹈啦啦操是湖南高校公共体育课普及发展的重点内容．该研究旨在解决制约湖南高校公共体育课舞蹈啦啦操运动发展的根本问题,以期对舞蹈啦啦操运动的普及发展起到一定的促进作用。     

2015年全国舞蹈啦啦操运动员技术等级测试成绩分析

运用数理统计法对2015年全国舞蹈啦啦操运动员技术等级测试成绩进行分析,通过逻辑分析法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法对本次测试进行深度研究,从而揭示中国舞蹈啦啦操运动员真实水平以及本次测试存在的问题.结果表明:个人能力处于中等水平,出现高低分人数分布不均,拉低平均分的问题,说明我国舞蹈啦啦操运动员在各方面发展都不平衡,且运动员个人能力高低悬殊,由此建议教练员在训练中区别对待不同水平的运动员并进行针对性训练,减少差距,同时可以将技术等级考核标准设定为训练目标,整体提高运动员个人能力.     

国内高水平舞蹈啦啦操运动员难度动作完成水平与影响因素研究

以问卷调查法、数理统计法等作为研究方法,目的在于分析我国高水平舞蹈啦啦操运动员难度动作的完成水平和影响因素,帮助运动员进行有针对性的难度动作训练.结果表明:1.我国高水平舞蹈啦啦操运动员转体类、跳步类难度动作掌握较好,翻腾类难度动作完成水平最高,平衡与柔韧类难度动作技术水平有待提升,其中转体类难度动作完成水平与世界强队差距最大;2.影响我国舞蹈啦啦操运动员难度完成和技术水平提升的因素主要有专项系统训练时间不足、爆发力差、缺乏对难度技术动作的正确认识、缺少与国外强队的交流、运动损伤等.     

街舞啦啦操的基本动作教学

<正>街舞啦啦操是一个快节奏的舞蹈,它以街舞的舞蹈元素为基础,同时又结合了啦啦操的项目特征,在近几年的舞蹈啦啦操运动中得到了快速发展,并且总能以其独特的魅力吸引观众的眼球,引起大家的注意。本期分两个部分(街舞基本舞步教学和实用街舞舞蹈教学)为大家介绍街舞啦啦操教学的主要内容与方法。一、街舞基本舞步教学街舞啦啦操中所用到的基本舞步其实就是街舞教学中的基本舞步。随着街舞的     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

全国城乡学生体质20年动态分析

基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。     

定向运动对大学生身心健康发展的实践研究

采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

摔跤常见技术动作开始的发力特征研究

采用专门研制的摔跤测力装置,对过胸摔、挟颈背、拉臂转移和滚桥技术动作开始发力的力学特征进行测试分析,结果表明,上述动作开始的发力具有力值大和力的梯度大的特点,均有爆发用力的特征。其中过胸摔和滚桥主要把位发力最大,其总合力和力的梯度也最大。     

按摩器刺激对提高普通高校健美操专选学生柔韧性训练效果的实验研究

柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。     

我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究

采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。