湖北体育高考生无氧能力与体育成绩相关研究

对2011年36名湖北省体育高考生无氧能力和运动成绩研究,分析体育高考生无氧能力与运动成绩的相关性,为教练简易评价考生无氧能力提供理论依据。采用Wingate无氧功率试验获得考生的无氧能力参数,对体育高考生高考体育成绩和无氧能力进行描述、对比分析、相关分析。受试者30sWingate无氧功率测试的各项指标值均与高考体育测试总分呈显著相关;男女生二级蛙跳成绩和男生100m短跑成绩与无氧功率各项指标呈显著相关。受试者高考体育测试各项成绩及高考体育测试总分与其无氧功率各项指标有着不同程度的相关。     

三角形障碍跑的教与练

三角形障碍跑是高考体育专业必考素质的一项,就九一年高考成绩看,大多数考生成绩较差,而我辅导的十五位男考生去年参加高考考试平均成绩为6＂8,平均分92,6分;三位女生成绩为8＂5,平均分为96.4分。男考生最好的成绩是6＂3(满分),女生最好的成绩是8＂2(满分)。为使考生们更好地掌握三角形障碍跑的全程技术动作,提高该项成绩,下面介绍我的教学和指导考生训练的一些做法。     

如何稳定广东省体育高考篮球专项成绩

通过文献资料法、访谈交流法、实际体育高考训练总结法,对前两次投篮必须采用急停单手肩上投篮下,广东省体育高考篮球专项的考生、教练及考试标准和训练方法进行研究。探索制定合理运动技术和运用科学训练方法,以期为广大体育高考教练提供借鉴,提高考生的专项成绩。     

体育高考生应激水平与运动成绩的关系

采用“运动员应激量表（简称APSC）”，对2008年参加体育高考的湖南省336名考生进行了问卷调查与分析。结果显示：①体育高考女生应激总分和五个应激源得分均值均高于男生；体育高考中最常出现的应激源是运动受伤、比赛失利、场地器械不适应、恶劣的气候以及来自于家长和教练的压力等；②男生运动成绩明显好于女生，原因是女生应激水平较高，而且男女生在面对应激时所采取的应对方式不同；③武术考生的应激水平最高，其他专项的考生的应激水平无显著性差异；④体操、健美操的考生的运动成绩最好；武术考生的运动成绩最差；其他专项的运动成绩均值之间比较接近，无显著性差异；⑤体育高考生运动成绩不仅与应激水平有关，还与认知评价、应对策略、临场经验及专项特点等有关。     

体育高考足球专项运球绕杆射门易失分环节分析及解决策略

运球绕杆射门是体育高考足球专项考生的必考项目,占足球专项分值的比重最大.它由触球起动、运球变向绕杆、绕杆后的射门三个技术环节组成,技术动作较为复杂,包含的过程环节较多.是一项以时间快慢计算成绩的测试项目.在训练和考试中,部分考生因过于追求速度,导致个别环节的处理不当失分过多;或最后射门不进,该项成绩为零,直接影响了考生的专业总分.笔者对近几届所带体育高考足球专项考生的训练与考试中的一些易失分环节进行分析,提出应对策略.     

体育高考考生100米训练探析-以江西省赣州市为例

100米是体育专业高考重点考试科目,是江西省体育专业高考的必考素质项目.用以检查体育专业高考考生的速度素质.该项目占身体素质总分值的三分之一,占高考总分值的23.33%,权重较大.本文采用访谈法、文献资料法和数理统计法,对江西省赣州市2012和2013届体育专业考生100米模拟测试成绩进行分析,认为考生100米技术存在不足和问题,进而提出在100m训练中应遵循科学训练的基本规律,重视考生的柔韧素质。     

核心力量训练对提高高考体育考生基本素质成绩的实验研究

通过将核心力量训练运用于高考体育考生的训练中进行实验研究,实验结果表明,核心力量训练对提高高考体育考生力量、爆发力、弹跳力、速度等有着明显的效果,建议在日常的高考训练中,增加核心力量的训练,更快有效地提高考生的素质成绩。     

循环重复训练法在体育高考训练中应用研究

如今的高考不再仅限制于书本上的理论知识,还增加了很多文艺类的高考考生和体育类高考考生,这些高考考生的最终高考成绩,除了传统书本上考试的内容外,还有专业类型内容的考试,例如：乐器类考生需要进行相关乐器的演奏专业性考试,体育类考生需要进行相关体育运动的专业性考试,对于体育类的高考考生来说,合适的、合理的训练量和训练安排是能否顺利通过体育考试的关键。本文针对体育类高考考生在高考中以及平时训练中的量度和内容进行分析,研究循环重复训练法在体育高考训练中的作用和意义,以及详细的循环重复训练法的训练方法及相关安排。     

发展高中学生100米速度之我见

体育高考是普通高考的一个组成部分,是部分高中学生参加高考的一个志向。多年来,体育高考分数(线)对考生100米跑成绩的要求较高,一般男生为12秒5以内,女生为15秒0以内,高三学生要达到这个要求需经过艰苦的科学的训练。     

排球高考考生心理压力分析及对策研究

对量化后的排球高考考生的心理压力和考试成绩的调查与分析表明 ,排球高考考生的心理压力过大 ,技术水平不能正常发挥 ,致使成绩偏低 ,由此导致了近年排球考生人数的急剧下降。本文在调查分析的基础上对此提出了一些建设性的意见。     

Characteristics of the start in women's World Cup skeleton

This study characterizes key elements of the start in elite female World Cup skeleton athletes. The top 20 female competitors in three World Cup races were videotaped within a calibrated space to allow the following components of the start to be quantified: (1) acceleration (velocity at 15-m mark, time to 15-m mark), (2) capacity (time to load, total number of steps to load), and (3) load (velocity at 45-m mark). A correlation analysis was used to establish the relationship between the variables of interest and overall start time (15- to 65-m mark). Velocity at the 15-m mark accounted for 86% of the variance in overall start time at St. Moritz and 85% at Sigulda. A stepwise regression analysis revealed that approximately 89% of the variation in start time could be explained by velocity at the 15-m mark, time to load, and velocity at the 45-m mark. Of the variables analysed in this study, rapid acceleration to attain a high velocity at the 15-m mark was the most important component of a fast overall start time. The importance of the time to load and velocity at the 45-m mark vary according to the different track characteristics.     

台湾体育制度与大陆体育教育体系的比较与分析

随着国家教育体制的改革发展，民办高校如雨后春笋不断出现。许多台胞、台商看中了人才资源丰富的大陆，相继办起了高校。本着重比较和分析了大陆、台湾两地的体育结构、制度以及各自的特点，找出差异和不足，以使我们在开展体育工作中取长补短，共同提高。     

Characteristics of the start in women's World Cup skeleton

This study characterizes key elements of the start in elite female World Cup skeleton athletes. The top 20 female competitors in three World Cup races were videotaped within a calibrated space to allow the following components of the start to be quantified: (1) acceleration (velocity at 15-m mark, time to 15-m mark), (2) capacity (time to load, total number of steps to load), and (3) load (velocity at 45-m mark). A correlation analysis was used to establish the relationship between the variables of interest and overall start time (15- to 65-m mark). Velocity at the 15-m mark accounted for 86% of the variance in overall start time at St. Moritz and 85% at Sigulda. A stepwise regression analysis revealed that approximately 89% of the variation in start time could be explained by velocity at the 15-m mark, time to load, and velocity at the 45-m mark. Of the variables analysed in this study, rapid acceleration to attain a high velocity at the 15-m mark was the most important component of a fast overall start time. The importance of the time to load and velocity at the 45-m mark vary according to the different track characteristics.     

影响体育高考学生考前心理状态的若干因素及其对策分析

运用数学统计法、文献资料法、问卷调查法和观察法等方法对来自武汉、黄冈、宜昌等多个市区的503名考生考前2～3h心理状态进行了调研、分析,找出了引起考生不良心理状态的原因,并提出了促使考生形成良好的考前心理状态的若干对策。     

排球比赛各项技术与净胜分的逐步回归分析

采用逐步回归分析等方法,对96～97、97～98 年全国排球联赛福州赛区21 场73 局比赛统计数据进行分析,建立预测排球比赛各项技术与净胜分的回归方程,为科学指导训练和比赛提供实践和理论依据。结果表明:回归方程反映了各项技术与净胜分间的定量关系,反映了各项技术与净胜分的主次关系;回归方程可以使训练的针对性、计划性更强,及预测比赛胜负     

Item response theory and the measurement of motor behavior

Item response theory (IRT) has been the focus of intense research and development activity in educational and psychological measurement during the past decade. Because this theory can provide more precise information about test items than other theories usually used in measuring motor behavior, the application of IRT in physical education and exercise science merits investigation. In IRT, the difficulty level of each item (e.g., trial or task) can be estimated and placed on the same scale as the ability of the examinee. Using this information, the test developer can determine the ability levels at which the test functions best. Equating the scores of individuals on two or more items or tests can be handled efficiently by applying IRT. The precision of the identification of performance standards in a mastery test context can be enhanced, as can adaptive testing procedures. In this tutorial, several potential benefits of applying IRT to the measurement of motor behavior were described. An example is provided using bowling data and applying the graded-response form of the Rasch IRT model. The data were calibrated and the goodness of fit was examined. This analysis is described in a step-by-step approach. Limitations to using an IRT model with a test consisting of repeated measures were noted.     

论《学生体质健康标准智能服务系统》的缺失与完善

运用文献资料调研、实验法、访问法对《学生体质健康标准智能服务系统》中存在的问题进行了研究与实践,结果发现,《服务系统》能在一定程度上减轻体育教师和管理人员的工作负担,但服务端和客户端均存在不够完善、不够科学之处。从实用性和科学性的角度出发,主要不足表现在"学生基本信息"的格式设定不合理;"查询"和"报表"模块不能满足体育教学数理统计的需要;缺少"统计"模块,提供的数据太简单,不能满足统计的需要等方面。根据《服务系统》部分功能的缺失与不足,建议应完善如下几个方面:1)对"学生基本信息"字段重新设置完善;2)在客户端的查询结果中增加统计概要;3)对系统建立临时表;4)在客户端添加"统计"模块,增加数据横向的比较。     

Item Response Theory and the Measurement of Motor Behavior

Abstract

Item response theory (IRT) has been the focus of intense research and development activity in educational and psychological measurement during the past decade. Because this theory can provide more precise information about test items than other theories usually used in measuring motor behavior, the application of IRT in physical education and exercise science merits investigation. In IRT, the difficulty level of each item (e.g., trial or task) can be estimated and placed on the same scale as the ability of the examinee. Using this information, the test developer can determine the ability levels at which the test functions best. Equating the scores of individuals on two or more items or tests can be handled efficiently by applying IRT. The precision of the identification of performance standards in a mastery test context can be enhanced, as can adaptive testing procedures. In this tutorial, several potential benefits of applying IRT to the measurement of motor behavior were described. An example is provided using bowling data and applying the graded-response form of the Rasch IRT model. The data were calibrated and the goodness of fit was examined. This analysis is described in a step-by-step approach. Limitations to using an IRT model with a test consisting of repeated measures were noted.     

跨栏跑技评量化标准与方法的初步研究

本文以现代跨栏跑的理论和技术发展特点为基本依据,通过对世界优秀运动员和体院学生跨栏跑与百米跑成绩的统计分析,探索跨栏跑技评量化的方法和标准。制定客观准确的评分表,使技评方法科学化、定量化,且简便易行,方便实用。