我国备战第30届伦敦奥运会项目布局研究

主要采用文献资料调研与数理统计法,对我国备战第30届伦敦奥运会的项目布局进行探讨.在依据竞技体育比较优势理论找出我国第29届奥运会优势、潜优势项目的基础上,分析了第11届全运会的奖牌分布情况,提出我国备战第30届伦敦奥运会的项目布局策略,主要有:优势项目的分级布局(包括3个级别),项目单位的分层布局(包括3个层次),及时调整布局项目与单位.     

从第二十六届男篮亚锦赛解析中国男篮的现状及对策研究

采用文献资料法、数理统计法、录相观察法、分析比较法解析第26届亚洲男篮锦标赛中国男篮现状,分析其优势与不足之处,并为中国男篮备战伦敦奥运会提出一些对策。     

我国备战东京奥运会的SWOT分析及对策研究

第31届里约奥运会在世界人民的关注下落幕后渐行渐远,世界各国已开始备战第32届东京奥运会,我国的各个项目也在备战进行中,希望继续保持优异成绩并有更进一步的突破,发挥潜优势项目.本研究以东京奥运会我国竞技的SWOT分析与策略为研究对象,运用文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法、对比分析法以及SWOT分析法,针对我国备战2020年东京奥运会的优势、劣势、机遇以及面临的挑战进行全面分析,力求为我国在备战东京奥运会上提供一定的参考价值.     

从第29届奥运会看世界泳坛竞争格局

采用文献资料、数理统计法对第29届奥运会游泳成绩进行分析,并与雅典奥运会和第12届世界游泳锦标赛游泳成绩比较.结果显示:第29届奥运会是破纪录最多的一届奥运会;美国、澳大利亚两国在金牌榜和奖牌榜上是最大的赢家;金牌分布更为广泛,亚洲游泳成绩崛起;我国男子游泳首次获得银牌;女子在蝶泳、自由泳、接力方面取得较好成绩.针对我国备战伦敦奥运会,提出深入研究项目制胜因素、加强科研、注重后备人才队伍的培养等建议.     

激情、责任、智慧——2012年伦敦奥运会备战工作

转眼,北京奥运会的辉煌已经过去两年。备战2012年伦敦奥运会的“大考”周期已过半,今年下半年第16届广州亚运会的“中考”又迫在眉睫。简单回顾,新一轮备战奥运会的工作一直在紧锣密鼓,马不停蹄地进行。今年初,为强化备战奥运会的组织管理,进一步完善层次分明、职责清晰、     

4×1000m递增乳酸阈测试在国家皮划艇队备战伦敦奥运周期中的应用研究

以国家队备战第30届奥运会的重点队员为研究对象,观察国家皮划艇队在备战伦敦奥运会周期的训练过程中如何应用4×1 000m测试对训练计划进行及时有效地监控和调整。结果表明运动员专项成绩提高明显,并在2012年奥运会上取得成绩。所以,在皮划艇训练中,4×1 000m测试对训练强度的监控和比赛成绩的提高具有重要意义。     

从第十一届全运会分析伦敦奥运会中国田径竞争力

为备战2012年伦敦奥运会,发挥田径项目的优势,运用文献资料、数理统计等方法对第十一届全运会的田径成绩进行统计分析,发现中国田径项目整体水平有所提高,传统优势项目和新兴潜优势都有不同程度的突破,并认为备战2012年伦敦奥运会我们应围绕女子长跑、男女竞走、女子投掷、男子110M栏等几个项目为主要突破口。     

2012年伦敦奥运会中国奥运代表团客场参赛名次、金牌数预测

本文运用文献资料、数理统计、逻辑推理等方法,对第30届伦敦奥运会中国奥运代表团所获奖牌数、名次问题进行相关分析与预测,得出结论：伦敦奥运会中国奥运代表团获得的金牌数、奖牌数将会下降11%左右,金牌数大约在45-48枚之间,奖牌数大约在88—92枚之间。中国奥运代表团有强大祖国和14亿人民的大力支持,携29届北京奥运会之余威,认真备战,稳中求胜,不出现大的失误,保住金牌数第一是完全可能的。     

从伦敦奥运竞走项目成功审视青少年选材

第30届伦敦奥运会竞走比赛于2012年8月4日和11日在英国伦敦白金汉宫举行,来自世界36个国家和地区的180名运动员参加了3个竞走项目的角逐。中国竞走队在举国体制下的全力备战工作期间,经过团结协作、奋勇拼搏,     

职业网球赛制变化和奥运会网球设项变化对我国的影响及应对措施

在对我国男子和女子网球竞技水平、实力现状及伦敦奥运会所面临的形势分析的基础上,客观分析北京奥运会后职业网球赛制变化对我国高水平网球运动员的影响,并就奥运会网球比赛项目变化对我国奥运备战的影响进行解读,提出了备战伦敦奥运会的5项应对措施。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

全国城乡学生体质20年动态分析

基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。     

定向运动对大学生身心健康发展的实践研究

采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

摔跤常见技术动作开始的发力特征研究

采用专门研制的摔跤测力装置,对过胸摔、挟颈背、拉臂转移和滚桥技术动作开始发力的力学特征进行测试分析,结果表明,上述动作开始的发力具有力值大和力的梯度大的特点,均有爆发用力的特征。其中过胸摔和滚桥主要把位发力最大,其总合力和力的梯度也最大。     

按摩器刺激对提高普通高校健美操专选学生柔韧性训练效果的实验研究

柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。     

我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究

采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。