第19届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段各队进攻进球特征规律研究

通过对第19届足球世界杯32个参赛队64场比赛143个进球的特征统计研究,结果表明,本届世界杯总进球数是前三届由逐届下降转为上升的折点。在90 min比赛中,下半场进球数高于上半场;全场比赛结束前15min进球数最多,比赛开始第一个15 min进球数最少。罚球区仍然是进球最多的区域,其次是罚球区前沿区域。前锋队员进球最多,依次是中场、后卫队员。在各进球方式中抢点脚射进球数位居第一,依次是头顶球进球、运球突破脚射进球。定位球进攻进球数明显列各进攻形式之首,依次是中路进攻进球、边路进攻进球。由前场组织发动进攻进球率最高,依次是中场发动进球、后场发动进球。从球门下部进球率较高,其中球门2区进球数最多,球门5区进球数最少。进球前经过队员之间"1"次传球配合后射门进球率最高,而经过"5"次以上传球后进球数明显减少。     

足球进球特点分析--第17届世界杯亚洲区预赛、决赛中国队进球调查

文章对中国足球队在17届世界杯顶赛、决赛中的射门进球分析．进球的主要特点为：在比赛的31’～60’时段的进球数最多；头球得分多；在罚球区内的射门进球多；边路传中配合进攻进球得分的比例最高；定位球进攻得分比例较大；左脚射门进球数偏少。     

第20届巴西世界杯足球赛决赛阶段进球特征研究

采用文献资料、录像观察和数理统计等方法,对2014年巴西世界杯足球赛决赛阶段64场比赛的171个进球特征进行分析,结果显示：下半场61-75min和76-90min进球数出现高峰;罚球区内正对球门区域是进球率最高的射门区域;球门的中下部是进球入门的主要地区;前锋队员进球数最多;进球射门方式以抢点直接射门为主;与前两届世界杯相比,左、右脚的射门进球次数差距在缩小,头球射门也是最常用、实效的部位;定位球和中路进攻进球效率更高;进球以低平球和地滚球居多;传球次数与进球数量之间具有高度负相关的关系。     

第十七届世界杯足球赛进球情况研究

本文运用电视直播观察、录像及文献资料,对第十七届世界杯全部64场进球的配合形式、时间、射门动作方法及队员位置分布的统计结果进行分析与研究表明:边路进攻是最致命的进球配合形式,比赛75min-90min是进球的最高峰,但各时间段进球数较平均,总体上随着比赛时间的延续进球数逐步递增.脚内侧、脚背内侧、头顶球的射门进球数量最多,效果最佳,前锋进球最多,是各队攻城拔寨的"突击手",简炼、快速、准确是射门动作的发展方向.     

浅析第18届世界杯足球比赛的进球情况

对第18届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段64场比赛142个进球情况进行分析,并与17届世界杯进球情况进行对照,发现第18届世界杯进球总数有所下降,攻守均衡、防守更为坚固的打发占据主流。上下半场进球比较均衡,除了在比赛的结束阶段出现的进球高峰外,各个阶段的进球数随着时间的推移呈递减趋势;进球区域主要是在2区,罚球区外到30米区域也成为本届世界杯进球的重要区域;由中路配合切人发动进攻为进球主要进攻形式,定位球越来越受到各队的重视,战术水平也有较大提高;进球方式以抢点直接射门为主;进球大部分是由4次以下的传球完成的,且传球次数越少进球越多;进球数最多的是前锋队员,前卫队员的攻击性插上进攻已成为各队进球的重要手段,远射是他们主要进球方式。     

新赛制下第15届欧洲杯决赛阶段进球特征分析

运用数据统计法等分析对全新赛制改革下的第15届欧洲杯足球赛决赛阶段24支球队51场比赛的108个进球特征分析表明:本届杯赛的场均进球数略低于上届,上半时的进球数低于下半时,上半时前15 min内的进球数明显高于14届欧洲杯;进球方式仍然是以脚射为主,其中抢点直接脚射比头球顶射的进球率高;进球射门区域主要集中在罚球区,球门下部是球进门的主要区域,尤其是从球门左下角区域进球率最高;进球前经过2次传递后射门进球数最多;经过9次传递后进球数量显著增多;发球区内的球门正前方是进球率最高的区域,正前方远射的进球率明显增加;边路助攻位居各区域助攻之首,特别是下底传中助攻成功率最高;前锋与前卫运动员的进球率相差无几,后卫进球数明显上升.     

第18届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段进球的特征分析

采用录像观察、文献资料法、数理统计法等研究方法,对第18届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段的147个进球进行分析,研究表明:第18届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段的比赛中,平均场进球2.30个;下半场的进球略高于上半场,下半场76~90m in为全场进球高峰;进球的主要区域是罚球区内;进球的进攻形式主要是以定位球进攻为主;进球的发动区域,主要以中场发动;进球的方式以脚射进球为主,抢点直接用脚射门是主要得分方式;前锋是主要的得分位置,后卫的进球数呈上升趋势;进球前的传球次数主要以5次(包含5次)以下为主;进攻队员的进球较少受到防守队员的干扰。     

对2010年世界杯足球赛决赛球队进球进攻战术的探讨

对2010年世界杯足球赛决赛阶段32支球队64场比赛的145个进球特征进行了统计与分析,结果显示：阵地进攻进球数位居各进攻形式之首,中路进攻是主要进攻路线,进球前通过传接配合是进球数最多的技、战术手段。     

第19届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段进球特征分析

本文运用文献资料法、数理统计法、比较分析法等研究方法,对第19届世界杯足球赛64场比赛打入的145个入球特征进行分析,结果表明：淘汰赛阶段的场均进球数要多于小组赛阶段;下半场进球数要多于上半场,比赛结束前的15分钟是进球的高峰期;进球方式是以脚踢为主,其中,短传配合进球率最高;8强球队中多数是以攻势足球或控制比赛节奏的打法为主;罚球区及罚球区前沿是进球的主要区域;球门下部是进球入门的主要区域,其中右下角进球率最高;中路进攻进球位居各种进攻方式之首;前锋仍是各位置中进球数最多的,其次是中场和后卫。     

近三届世界杯足球决赛进球特征比较分析

通过对第17-19届世界杯足球决赛192场比赛443个进球主要特征统计分析,结果表明,近三届世界杯赛都是前锋队员进球最多;下半场进球率高于上半场,尤其全场比赛最后15min时段进球率最高;罚球区进球率最高,但罚球区进球数则呈逐届下降趋势;0-5脚传球后进球率明显高于6次以上传球后进球率,这与著名英国足球专家休斯先生所著《足球获胜公式》中统计结论相一致;前场组织发动进攻进球率最高;抢点脚射进球率最多,头顶球是三届中不可少的进球方式;定位球进攻和中路进攻的进球在近三届世界杯赛中都占有很重要的地位,而边路进攻则呈逐届下降趋势。     

Establishment of an in vitro micropropagation protocol for Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. ex Poir

This report describes in vitro micropropagation of Boscia senegalensis, so-called famine foods, that helped the people in Darfur and Kordofan, Sudan survive during the 1984–1985 famine. Four types of explants prepared from green mature zygotic embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 1–5 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA). The highest number of shoots per explant (14.3±0.9) was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BA, while the highest shoot length [(3.5±0.4) cm] was obtained with 1 mg/L BA. The shoot cluster, when subcultured to its same medium, significantly increased the rate of shoot multiplication by the end of the third subculture. The maximum mean number of shoots per explant (86.5±3.6) was produced after three multiplication cycles on 3 mg/L BA-supplemented medium. In vitro induced shoots were excised and rooted on half strength MS medium fortified with 0.25 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to obtain complete plantlets. B. senegalensis-regenerated plantlets obtained in vitro for the first time, were hardened and 95% survived under greenhouse conditions.     

The Finnish way to the information society: Expanding engineer education

In a European context Finland is, measured in many dimensions, the most developed information society. In Finnish exports the share of the IT sector is onethird. In the 1990s the number of Internet-connected computers grew to be the highest in Europe and now half of the population uses a mobile phone. One of the most important factors behind this massive change is the activity and flexibility of engineer education. The number of student places in education in information and telecommunication (IT) technology was, in 1999, five times higher than in the middle of the decade. The success of the IT sector has assumed and implied the extension of higher education as a whole. At the end of the 20th century there were student places at universities and polytechnics for four-fifths of that age group in Finland. Engineering education also has an important role in ensuring the preconditions of the production of IT industry,and in generating the demand for IT equipment. In education Finns have become familiar with the IT equipment and technologies.     

School type differences in attainment of developmental goals in students with visual impairment and sighted peers

The present study analyzed whether the perceived attainment of developmental goals differs by school type and between adolescents with visual impairments and sighted peers. We created a matched-pair design with 98 German students from the middle school track and 98 from the highest school track; half of the members of each group were visually impaired. Students from the middle school track reported a higher attainment of identity development, career choice, and gender role awareness than students from the highest school track. Furthermore, students with visual impairment were less progressed with peer-group integration and forming intimate relationships than sighted students, but they reported higher levels of attainment of skills that are important for their future profession. However, we did not find an overall interaction effect between school type and vision status on the perceived attainment of developmental goals. The observed school type differences can be explained by the fact that students from the middle school track face the transition from school to work earlier. Implications for practice are discussed.     

第17、18届世界杯足球决赛进球特征分析

通过对第17届、第18届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段各64场比赛进球的主要特征进行比较,结果表明:总进球数第17届高于第18届,两届都是下半场进球数高于上半场;进球主要区域是在罚球区内,特别是罚球点与球门区线之间的区域;进球方式是以脚射为主,其中抢点直接脚射进球比例较高;各位置进球数最多的是前锋运动员.     

蓝莓离体快速繁殖研究

利用成龄蓝莓的茎段为外植体,培养在添加各种激素配比的改良WPM培养基上,研究蓝莓离体繁殖影响因素,筛选蓝莓离体最佳增殖和生根培养基及培养条件。结果表明:在WPM+ZT0.8mg/L的增殖培养基上,蓝莓的增殖数最大达45,在1/2WPM+IBA0.5mg/L的生根培养基上生根率在品种间存在差异,可达70-90%。通过炼苗,试管苗的成活率达85%以上,建立了蓝莓工厂化育苗技术体系,为蓝莓商品基地的建立提供了充足的优良苗木。     

The socialization of performance goals

How are competitive goals transmitted over time? As most competence-relevant contexts (e.g., school) are hierarchy-relevant (e.g., teacher/students), supervisors’ performance-approach goals (desire to outperform others) should play a major role. We formulated a performance goals socialization hypothesis: The higher a supervisor’s performance-approach goals, the stronger the effects of time on followers’ performance-approach and -avoidance (desire not to be outperformed by others) goals. Study 1, involving coaches and their soccer players, showed that indeed a performance goals socialization phenomenon exists. Study 2, involving thesis supervisors and their Ph.D. students, showed its consequences: performance goals socialization reduced subordinates’ motivation and well-being over time. Study 3, involving video game team leaders and their players, showed its enabling condition: the stronger the subordinates’ identification to their team, the more pronounced the performance goals socialization. Study 4, involving schoolteachers and their pupils, showed its directional moderator: the higher the subordinates’ perceived self-competence, the higher the change in performance-approach goals over time, and the lower that in performance-avoidance goals. It is then crucial to consider social hierarchy when studying goal formation.     

第12届欧锦赛进球特征探析

对第12届欧锦赛决赛阶段31场比赛的77个进球进行特征分析，结果表明：本届比赛平均每场进球2．48个，下半时进球数高于上半时，前锋进球数量最多，进球的最佳区域在门前20米区域，最有效的进攻方式是中路配合，定位球的作用也同样不可忽视。     

Exploring burnout among university faculty: incidence,performance, and demographic issues

This study examines burnout and related issues among 265 university faculty members. The study estimates the percentage of incidence of highest levels of burnout is at half the rate of the general workforce. Female faculty members have significantly higher mean scores on emotional exhaustion than males, while male faculty have higher scores on depersonalization. Significant differences were not found across race/ethnicity groups but age is inversely correlated to emotional exhaustion. Burnout shows significant correlations with numbers of students taught, time invested in various activities, and numerical student evaluations. Suggestions are given to administrators for using a preventive strategy to anticipate burnout, rather than relying on reactive techniques, once it has occurred.